Abstract:
A measurement system may include a diffusive cavity including a reflective internal surface and one or more ports, a sample chamber located within the diffusive cavity, and a light source to direct measurement light into the diffusive cavity through one of the one or more ports of the diffusive cavity. The diffusive cavity may uniform illumination of the sample through diffusive reflection of at least one of the measurement light from the light source or scattered measurement light from the sample. The system may further include two or more detectors to capture light exiting at least one of the one or more ports. The system may further include a controller to receive detection signals from the two or more detectors indicative of the scattering of the measurement light by the sample and determine one or more time-varying properties of the sample based on the detection signals.
Abstract:
A spectroscopic measurement apparatus includes a light source, an integrator, a spectroscopic detector, and an analysis unit. The integrator includes an internal space in which a measurement object is disposed, a light input portion for inputting light to the internal space, a light output portion for outputting light from the internal space, a sample attachment portion for attaching the measurement object, and a filter attachment portion for attaching a filter unit. The filter unit has a transmission spectrum in which an attenuation rate for excitation light is larger than an attenuation rate for up-conversion light, and attenuates the light output from the light output portion. The analysis unit analyzes luminous efficiency of the measurement object on the basis of the transmission spectrum data and the spectroscopic spectrum data acquired by the spectroscopic detector.
Abstract:
A system for disinfecting a fluid, including: a flow cell including one or more inlet ports and one or more outlet ports, wherein the flow cell is configured to communicate a fluid containing a biological contaminant from the one or more inlet ports to the one or more outlet portions through an interior portion thereof; and one or more point radiation sources disposed about the flow cell, wherein the one or more point radiation sources are operable for delivering radiation to the biological contaminant; wherein an interior surface of the flow cell is operable for reflecting the radiation delivered to the biological contaminant by the one or more point radiation sources; and wherein the interior surface of the flow cell is operable for reflecting the radiation delivered to the biological contaminant by the one or more point radiation sources such that a radiation intensity is uniform throughout the interior portion of the flow cell. In one exemplary embodiment, the flow cell is an integrating sphere. Optionally, the system also includes a photocatalyzing material disposed on at least a portion of the interior surface of the flow cell.
Abstract:
A spectroscopic measurement apparatus includes a light source, an integrator, a first spectroscopic detector, a second spectroscopic detector, and an analysis unit. The integrator includes an internal space in which a measurement object is disposed, a light input portion for inputting light to the internal space, a light output portion for outputting light from the internal space, and a sample attachment portion for attaching the measurement object. The first spectroscopic detector receives the light output from the integrator, disperses the light of a first wavelength region, and acquires first spectrum data. The second spectroscopic detector receives the light output from the integrator, disperses the light of a second wavelength region, and acquires second spectrum data. The first wavelength region and the second wavelength region include a wavelength region partially overlapping each other.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention comprise apparatus and methods for detecting the presence of a substance in a test material using a plurality of wavelength-specific couplers (e.g. tilted fibre gratings) which provide a spatially distributed multi-node all-optical measurement system. Each node of the measurement system can comprise an optical module that is sensitive to the intensity of a limited band of wavelengths. The node is thus capable of detecting the presence of an absorption peak in a spectrum without having to obtain the full spectrum. By providing a plurality of optical modules that are sensitive to different wavelengths, the spectral signature of different substances may be monitored without having to measure full spectra. The measurement system may be particularly useful in a process control environment where it is desirable to take measurements of one or more substances in different locations.
Abstract:
A system for disinfecting a fluid, including: a flow cell including one or more inlet ports and one or more outlet ports, wherein the flow cell is configured to communicate a fluid containing a biological contaminant from the one or more inlet ports to the one or more outlet portions through an interior portion thereof; and one or more point radiation sources disposed about the flow cell, wherein the one or more point radiation sources are operable for delivering radiation to the biological contaminant; wherein an interior surface of the flow cell is operable for reflecting the radiation delivered to the biological contaminant by the one or more point radiation sources; and wherein the interior surface of the flow cell is operable for reflecting the radiation delivered to the biological contaminant by the one or more point radiation sources such that a radiation intensity is uniform throughout the interior portion of the flow cell. In one exemplary embodiment, the flow cell is an integrating sphere. Optionally, the system also includes a photocatalyzing material disposed on at least a portion of the interior surface of the flow cell.
Abstract:
An apparatus for collecting and integrating radiation is disclosed. In embodiments, the apparatus comprises a shell configured to at least partially surround a sample container having a liquid sample contained therein. The liquid sample can comprise one or more liquids. The shell includes one or more inner surfaces with suitable reflectance for causing radiation that is at least one of scattered, reflected, diffracted, refracted, or radiated from one or more particles within the liquid sample to be redirected within the shell until the radiation is received by a detector.
Abstract:
A cooling apparatus includes a container configured to contain a coolant within a space. The apparatus further includes a cooling block positioned substantially within the space and having a high heat capacity such that the space not occupied by the cooling block is filled with a coolant to a level at or below the top of the cooling block, and a placement structure having high thermal conductivity positioned on top of the cooling block and outside of the space. A method for cooling an object is also provided, which includes inserting a coolant into a container configured to contain the coolant within a space, and placing the object on a placement structure outside the space. For this method, the placement structure has a high thermal conductivity and is coupled to a cooling block, the cooling block having a high heat capacity and positioned substantially within the space. A two-stage cooling apparatus and method is also described.
Abstract:
A cooling apparatus includes a container configured to contain a coolant within a space. The apparatus further includes a cooling block positioned substantially within the space and having a high heat capacity such that the space not occupied by the cooling block is filled with a coolant to a level at or below the top of the cooling block, and a placement structure having high thermal conductivity positioned on top of the cooling block and outside of the space. A method for cooling an object is also provided, which includes inserting a coolant into a container configured to contain the coolant within a space, and placing the object on a placement structure outside the space. For this method, the placement structure has a high thermal conductivity and is coupled to a cooling block, the cooling block having a high heat capacity and positioned substantially within the space. A two-stage cooling apparatus and method is also described.
Abstract:
Spectrophotometer for the characterisation of receivers of solar collectors in order to determine optical properties (transmittance and reflectance). The equipment allows the evaluation of a receiver tube in real time and in any kind of light conditions, both inside and outside. The equipment also allows the detection of the eccentricity between the outer tube and the inner tube, which directly influences the reliability of the measurement. The equipment has a mechanical system for allowing a rotation of the equipment around the tube in order to find the optimum measurement position and attach itself to the tube.