Abstract:
A multi-channel plasma accelerator is provided. The multi-channel plasma accelerator includes a central cylinder formed along a surface comprising a blocked upper surface so as to form a first channel inside the cylinder; and first and second outer cylinders formed along the surface, each having an identical coaxial shaft to the central cylinder, and a diameter of the first outer cylinder being larger than a diameter of the central cylinder and a diameter of the second outer cylinder being larger than the diameter of the first outer cylinder so as to form a second channel as a space between the first and second outer cylinders.
Abstract:
According to one aspect of the invention, a method and apparatus for producing electromagnetic radiation is provided. The apparatus may include a chamber wall enclosing a plasma emission chamber to contain a plasma emission gas. A first electrode may be within the plasma emission chamber. At least one second electrode may within the plasma emission chamber. The at least one second electrode may be rotatable about an axis thereof and positioned within the plasma emission chamber such that when a voltage is applied across the first electrode and the at least one second electrode, a plasma is generated between the first electrode and the at least one second electrode.
Abstract:
Method for introducing a limited amount of mercury into a fluorescent lamp during manufacture thereof includes the steps of forming the lamp with an exhaust tubulation therein open at an end thereof and provided with a ball retention structure, exhausting the interior of the lamp through the tubulation open end, placing a rigid ball of inert material in the tubulation between the ball retention structure and the tubulation open end, the ball having a coating of a selected one of silver, gold, and indium, of a selected mass over a selected surface area of the ball, and mercury on the coated area, and sealing the open end of the tubulation, whereby the amount of mercury retained on the ball and thereby introduced into the lamp is limited by the selected mass of the coating on the ball.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for stabilizing glow plasma discharges by suppressing the transition from glow-to-arc includes a perforated dielectric plate having an upper surface and a lower surface and a plurality of holes extending therethrough. The perforated dielectric plate is positioned over the cathode. Each of the holes acts as a separate active current limiting micro-channel that prevents the overall current density from increasing above the threshold for the glow-to-arc transition. This allows for a stable glow discharge to be maintained for a wide range of operating pressures (up to atmospheric pressures) and in a wide range of electric fields include DC and RF fields of varying strength.
Abstract:
A surface light source device includes a lamp body, a space dividing member, a discharge gas supplying member and a voltage applying part. The lamp body includes a flat shaped space and a fluorescent layer disposed in the flat shaped space to convert an invisible light into a visible light. The space dividing member divides the flat shaped space into a plurality of discharge spaces. The discharge gas supplying member is disposed to pass through the space dividing member and is fixed to the space dividing member, and supplies the discharge spaces with a discharge gas that generates the invisible light. The voltage applying part applies a discharge voltage to the discharge gas. Therefore, the lifetime of the surface light source device generating a planar light is increased, and the luminance of the light becomes uniform so that the display quality of an image is improved.
Abstract:
An arc discharge lamp has an arc chamber with an amalgam tip attached to and communicating with the arc chamber through a constricted area. An amalgam retainer is positioned in the arc chamber and is abutted against the constricted area. The amalgam retainer is vibration-insensitive, solid and liquid amalgam impervious and mercury vapor pervious. An amalgam is contained within the amalgam tip.
Abstract:
A capsule (20) having a glass wall (21) and containing mercury is positioned in a radiation-transmitting discharge vessel, after which the discharge vessel is provided with a rare gas and closed, means for maintaining an electric discharge are arranged in or adjacent the discharge vessel. The capsule is opened by fusion after the discharge vessel has been closed by heating the capsule by irradiation (42) with a parallel beam of radiation through the wall of the discharge vessel. The wall of the capsule has for this radiation an absorption coefficient which amounts at least ten times that of the wall portion of the discharge vessel.
Abstract:
A mercury-dispensing device is disclosed that includes a mercury dispenser having the formula Ti.sub.x Zr.sub.y Hg.sub.z in which x and y are between 0 and 13, inclusive, the quantity x+y is between 3 and 13, inclusive, and z is 1 or 2; and a promoter that comprises copper, silicon and possibly a third metal selected among the transition elements. A getter material selected among titanium, zirconium, tantalum, niobium, vanadium and mixtures thereof, and alloys of these metals with nickel, iron or aluminum can be included in the device. The mercury dispense, promoter and optional getter material are provided preferably in the form of powders compressed as a pellet, or contained in a ring-shaped metallic support or rolled on the surfaces of a metallic strip. Also disclosed is a process for introducing mercury into electron tubes by making use of the above-mentioned mercury-dispensing devices.
Abstract:
A filament plate for an ion beam source assembly of an ion implantation apparatus is disclosed. The filament plate is comprised of tungsten and includes two spaced apart spiral slits through a width of the plate. A gap width of the slits in not substantially greater than ten times a plasma Debye length of ions generated by electrons emitted into an arc chamber. The plate filament is disposed in an arc chamber into which ionizable source materials are injected. The plate includes two conductive posts press fit into openings of the plate for heating the plate to the thermionic emission temperature. The conductive posts extend through insulated openings in a side wall of the arc chamber.
Abstract:
An electrodeless fluorescent lamp having a lamp envelope with an inner phosphor coating and containing a fill capable of sustaining a discharge when suitably excited by an electric field includes an electrically conductive coating on the exterior of the lamp envelope. The electrically conductive coating is also light transmissive and is effective for confining the electric field to within the lamp envelope.