Abstract:
Metal-organic substrate adhesion is improved by irradiating the substrate with low energy reactive ions, electrons, or photons to alter the chemical composition of a surface layer of the substrate to a depth of from about 1 nm to a few tens of nanometers. The energy of the incident reactive ions and electrons can be in the range of about 50 to 2000 eV, while the energy of the incident photons can be in the range of about 0.2 - 500 eV. Irradiation of the substrate can occur prior to or during metal deposition. For simultaneous metal deposition/particle irradiation, the arrival rates of the metal atoms and the substrate treatment particles are within a few orders of magnitude of one another. The low energy irradiation can be conducted at room temperature or elevated temperatures.
Abstract:
An electrical contact to a Si substrate (19) is formed by co-depositing Al and Pt or Pd (14) directly on a region of the substrate, and heating to produce a compound of the co-deposit and Si (Al3Pt4Si or Al3P4Si) in said region, an Al conductor layer (12) being applied before or after said heating. The contact is ohmic or Schottky depending on the dopant concentration in said region.
Abstract:
A method for forming narrow intermetallic stripes which will carry high currents on bodies such as semiconductors, integrated circuits, magnetic bubbles structures, etc. The conductive stripe includes aluminum or aluminum copper with at least one transition metal. The aluminum and at least one transition metal are deposited onto a supporting body at a very low pressure in a substantially oxygen-free high vacuum. The composite is then annealed at a temperature between about 200 DEG C. and 525 DEG C. for a time sufficient to form an aluminum and transition metal compound within the aluminum. The conductive stripes are then formed by masking and removing portions of the annealed metallic material. The resulting conductive stripes, which may be of a width of about 6x10-4 inches or less, have a significantly improved electromigration performance without significantly increasing resistance in the conductive stripe.
Abstract:
Gold (a) and at least one metal (b) which is Zr, Nb, and/or Hf, are deposited on the substrate, followed by heating at 200-500 degrees C., pref. for 1-100 h, to form a cpd. (a,b). Masking and selective removal of the cpd. (a,b) is then used to form the conductor strip. The pref. substrate is suitable for mfg. magnetic bubble memories. Deposition pref. occurs in a vacuum harder than 10-5 torr total pressure in the absence of oxygen; or via cathodic sputtering in inert gas using high frequency of 500-2000 V and d.c. bias of 0-200 V. The strip pref. uses a bottom and top layer of cpd. (a,b), with a middle layer of gold. The min. dimension of the strip is pref. below 0.015 mm. Method is used to minimise electromigration on silicon semiconductor substrates carrying integrated circuits, and on garnet substrate for bubble memories.