Abstract:
Die Copolymere umfassen Ethylengrundbausteine und Vinylformiatgrundbausteine, wobei vorzugsweise der Gehalt an freiem Vinylformiat im Polymer maximal 5.000 ppm, bezogen auf das Gewicht des Copolymers, beträgt. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung als Fließverbesserer, insbesondere in Erdöldestillaten, vorzugsweise Brenn- und Treibstoffzusammensetzungen, insbesondere Erdöl-Mitteldestillaten, wie auch eine Brenn- und Treibstoffzusammensetzung, umfassend eine Hauptmenge eines Brenn- und Treibstoffs und eine zur Verbesserung der Fließeigenschaften wirksame Menge des Copolymers.
Abstract:
Verfahren zur Umsetzung einer organischen Verbindung in Gegenwart eines Katalysators, der als Aktivmetall Ruthenium alleine oder zusammen mit mindestens einem Metall der I., VII. oder VIII. Nebengruppe des Periodensystems in einer Menge von 0,01 bis 30 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht des Katalysators, aufgebracht auf einem Träger, umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß 10 bis 50% des Porenvolumens des Trägers von Makroporen mit einem Porendurchmesser im Bereich von 50 nm bis 10.000 nm und 50 bis 90% des Porenvolumens des Trägers von Mesoporen mit einem Porendurchmesser im Bereich von 2 bis 50 nm gebildet werden, wobei sich die Summe der Porenvolumina zu 100% addiert, sowie den Katalysator an sich.
Abstract:
Reacting an organic compound (I) in the presence of a catalyst, in which the catalyst comprises a homogeneous ruthenium compound or a mixture of two or more such compounds, deposited in situ on a support. Also claimed is a supported catalyst which is obtained by deposition of Ru compound(s) as above, by passing a solution of Ru compound(s) through or over a support.
Abstract:
Preparation of N-hydroxyalkyl -substituted amino-alkynol derivatives of formula (I) involves reaction of an alkyne of formula R1-C IDENTICAL CH (II) with a 1-oxa-3-aza-heterocycloalkane of formula (III) over a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a compound of a first or second transition group metal. R1= H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl or -CR2R3-N(R4)-A-OH; R2-R4 = H, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or hydroxyalkyl; A = 2-5C alkylene (optionally substituted by one or more of alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, hydroxy and hydroxyalkyl).
Abstract:
The invention concerns a process for preparing alkyne diols or mixtures of alkyne diols with alkyne monools by reacting acetylene with more than equimolar amounts of ketones and/or aldehydes in the presence of an alkaline compound, the alkaline compound being used in a molar amount which is less than half the molar amount of the ketone and/or aldehyde to be reacted, in the presence of ammonia and/or at least one reactive primary amine.
Abstract:
A new catalyst (I) contains 0.01-30 wt% ruthenium or palladium as active metal, optionally together with Group I, VII or VIII transition metal(s), on a carrier (II) in which (novel feature) 10-50% of the pore volume consists of macropores with a pore diameter (PD) of 50-10,000 nm and 50-90% consists of mesopores with a PD of 2-50 nm. Also claimed are (i) a process for conversion of polymers containing multiple C-C bond(s) in presence of (I) and (ii) a process for conversion of organic compounds in the presence of (I) in which the active metal is ruthenium.
Abstract:
Prepn. of N-alkenyl-carboxamide of formula (I) comprises (a) reacting an amide of formula (II) with a carbonyl cpd. of formula (III) in the presence of a base and either carrying out or continuing reaction in the presence of a carboxylic acid deriv of formula (IV); and (b) isolating (I). R1-CONH-CR2=CR3R4 (I) R1-CO-NH2 (II) R2-CO-CHR3R4 (III) R5-CO-X (IV) R1-R4 = H or a (cyclo)aliphatic or aromatic gp, opt with inert substits; R5 = H, alkyl or aryl; X = halogen or an alkoxy or carboxyalkyl gp.
Abstract:
Prodn. of N-alkenylcarbamic acid esters of formula HR C=CR -N(R )-C(O)-O-R (I) is new, in which at least one of the R gps. = H and the other = H or 1-4C alkyl; R = aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic gp., opt. combined with R to form a 2- to 10-membered bridging gp.; and R = aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic gp. The process comprises reacting an alkenyl ester of formula HR C=CR -O-C(O)-R (II) (in which R = H or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic gp.) with a carbamate ester of formula HR N-C(O)-O-R (III) in presence of a base. Pref. in the formulae, R = H; R = 1-20C alkyl, or R + R = 2-7C alkylene.
Abstract:
Prepn. of butyrolactones of formula (I) comprises reacting an alkyne of formula R C?=CR (II) with CO and either (i) H2 or (ii) water at elevated pressure in the presence of a transition metal catalyst (III); R , R = H or (hydroxy)alkyl; trialkylsilyl or aryl gps. (both opt. substd. by inert gps.)