公开(公告)号：US4704029A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-03

申请号：US813742

申请日：1985-12-26

Applicant: Alan Van Heuvelen

Inventor： Alan Van Heuvelen

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61M5/172 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N21/43 ,  G01N33/16

CPC classification number: A61B5/14558 ,  A61B5/6876 ,  A61B5/6884 ,  G01N21/43 ,  A61M5/1723 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  G01N21/21 ,  Y10T436/144444

Abstract: A blood glucose monitor which is particularly applicable for use as an implant for controlling an insulin pump, or as a portable device for use by a diabetic for home blood glucose monitoring. The glucose monitor measures the glucose level of blood by utilizing a refractometer which measures the index of refraction of blood adjacent to an interface with a transparent surface of the refractometer, by directing light at the interface to measure the index of refraction of the blood by the amount of radiation reflected by the interface, particularly light incident near the critical angle. In a preferred embodiment, polarized light is directed against an interface in an implant between a transparent material and the blood. As the glucose concentration in the blood changes, its index of refraction changes, as does the intensity of light reflected from the interface. The angle of incidence of the light is selected to be slightly less than the critical angle for total internal reflection, with the result that the reflected intensity varies dramatically with index of refraction and with glucose concentration. A differential amplifier compares the intensity of the light reflected from the blood and the intensity of the beam before reflection. The output signal from the differential amplifier indicates only a change in the intensity of the reflected light caused by a change in the glucose concentration from a standard setting.

Abstract translation: 特别适用于控制胰岛素泵的植入物的血糖监测器，或作为糖尿病患者用于家庭血糖监测的便携式装置。 葡萄糖监测器通过利用折射计来测量血液的葡萄糖水平，所述折射计通过在界面处引导光以测量血液的折射率来测量与折射计的透明表面相邻的界面附近的血液的折射率 界面反射的辐射量，特别是临近角附近的光线。 在优选实施例中，偏振光针对透明材料和血液之间的植入物中的界面。 随着血液中葡萄糖浓度的变化，其折射率也随界面反射光强度的变化而变化。 光的入射角被选择为略小于全内反射的临界角，结果反射强度随着折射率和葡萄糖浓度而急剧变化。 差分放大器将从血液反射的光的强度和反射前光束的强度进行比较。 来自差分放大器的输出信号仅指示由标准设定值引起的葡萄糖浓度变化引起的反射光强度的变化。

公开(公告)号：US4553033A

公开(公告)日：1985-11-12

申请号：US525849

申请日：1983-08-24

Applicant: Fred F. Hubble, III ,  James P. Martin

Inventor： Fred F. Hubble, III ,  James P. Martin

IPC: G03G15/14 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01N21/86 ,  G03G15/08

CPC classification number: G01N21/55 ,  G03G15/0855 ,  G01J1/4228 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  G01N2021/8609 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N2201/0621 ,  G01N2201/0624 ,  G03G15/5041

Abstract: An integral, compact infrared reflectance densitometer including a substrate supporting an LED, a control photodiode to compensate for component degradation, a background photodiode to compensate for background radiation, and a large area photodiode to provide an electrical signal representative of the amount of toner particles on the photosensitive surface. Also carried on the substrate is a field lens to focus light rays reflected from the photosensitive surface onto the signal photodiode. The substrate is precisely secured to a molded housing having integral collector and collimating lenses. Four extending pins on the housing engage four apertures on the substrate to locate the substrate with respect to the housing and align the LED and field lens carried on the substrate with the collector and collimating lenses of the housing. Also carried on the substrate is an aperture box to permit a portion of the LED light to project through the collimating lens to the photosensitive surface and a portion of the light to be reflected onto the control photodiode to control light output. The light rays reflected from the photosensitive surface are gathered in a collector lens and projected through the field lens to be focused onto the signal photodiode. An L-shaped clip and an appendage with an elongated aperture extend from opposite ends of the housing to position and align the infrared reflectance densitometer in the reproduction machine with respect to the photosensitive surface.

Abstract translation: 包括支持LED的基板，用于补偿元件劣化的控制光电二极管，用于补偿背景辐射的背景光电二极管以及大面积光电二极管以提供代表调色剂颗粒量的电信号的整体紧凑的红外反射光密度计 感光面。 在衬底上承载的是用于将从感光表面反射的光线聚焦到信号光电二极管上的场透镜。 衬底被精确地固定到具有整体收集器和准直透镜的模制外壳上。 壳体上的四个延伸销接合基板上的四个孔，以相对于壳体定位基板，并将衬底上携带的LED和场透镜与壳体的收集器和准直透镜对准。 衬底上还携带有一个孔盒，用于使一部分LED光通过准直透镜突出到光敏表面，并将一部分光反射到控制光电二极管上以控制光输出。 从感光表面反射的光线聚集在收集透镜中，并通过场透镜投影以聚焦到信号光电二极管上。 L形夹子和具有细长孔的附件从壳体的相对端延伸，以相对于感光表面定位和对准再现机器中的红外反射光密度计。

公开(公告)号：US4293225A

公开(公告)日：1981-10-06

申请号：US53340

申请日：1979-06-29

Applicant: John E. G. Wheaton ,  David Griffiths ,  Richard C. M. Learner

Inventor： John E. G. Wheaton ,  David Griffiths ,  Richard C. M. Learner

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01N21/64

CPC classification number: G01N21/645 ,  G01N21/8507 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01N2201/0218 ,  G01N2201/0696

Abstract: A submersible fluorometer of the type having a source transmitting light pulses into the fluid in which the fluorometer is submersed to cause material in suspension to fluoresce and a fluoroescence detector, wherein a second detector is used to measure the intensity of light output of the source during each pulse of light, the outputs of the fluorescence detector and the second detector are sampled during each pulse of light and a ratioing circuit is used to determine the intensity of the fluorescence relative to the intensity of the light causing fluorescence. This arrangement compensates the output for both short and long term drift effects particularly in the light source. Preferably both the light transmitted to the said fluid and the light received therefrom is filtered, in the first case to remove light having wavelengths equal to or longer than that of the fluorescence and in the second case to remove light having wavelengths shorter than that of the fluoroscence.

Abstract translation: 一种潜水荧光计，其具有将光脉冲传输到荧光计浸没在其中以使材料悬浮以发荧光的荧光的荧光源，以及荧光检测器，其中使用第二检测器来测量源的光输出强度 每个脉冲光，荧光检测器和第二检测器的输出在光的每个脉冲期间被采样，并且使用比例电路来确定相对于引起荧光的光的强度的荧光强度。 这种布置补偿特别是在光源中的短期和长期漂移效应的输出。 优选地，透射到所述流体的光和从其接收的光都被过滤，在第一种情况下，以除去波长等于或长于荧光的波长的光，并且在第二种情况下，去除具有比荧光的波长短的波长的光 荧光

公开(公告)号：US20160109293A1

公开(公告)日：2016-04-21

申请号：US14894821

申请日：2014-05-15

Applicant: KONICA MINOLTA, INC.

Inventor： Shinichi Iida ,  Wataru Yamaguchi

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J3/04

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01J1/0271 ,  G01J1/1626 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J3/0262 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/504 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  G01J2003/425

Abstract: An illumination device is provided with a light source, a photodetector, and a support structure. The light source, which emits light, has light distribution in which a reference axis serves as an axis of symmetry or light distribution in which a plane including the reference axis serves as a plane of symmetry. A first light beam in the light is guided to the object to be illuminated. A second light beam in the light is guided to the photodetector. The photodetector detects intensity of the second light beam. The light source and the photodetector are supported by the support structure in positions and postures that allow the first light beam and the second light beam to be guided in an aforementioned manner. A traveling direction of the first light beam and a traveling direction of the second light beam make the same angle with the reference axis.

Abstract translation: 照明装置设置有光源，光电检测器和支撑结构。 发光的光源具有光分布，其中参考轴用作对称轴或光分布，其中包括基准轴的平面用作对称平面。 光中的第一光束被引导到被照明的物体。 光中的第二光束被引导到光电检测器。 光检测器检测第二光束的强度。 光源和光电检测器由支撑结构支撑在允许以上述方式引导第一光束和第二光束的位置和姿势。 第一光束的行进方向和第二光束的行进方向与参考轴线成相同的角度。

公开(公告)号：US20100308737A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-09

申请号：US12676629

申请日：2008-09-08

Applicant: Achim Hilgers

Inventor： Achim Hilgers

IPC: H05B37/02

CPC classification number: G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/02 ,  G01J1/0214 ,  G01J1/0407 ,  G01J1/0474 ,  G01J1/4204 ,  G01J1/4228 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0205 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0262 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/505 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  H05B33/0803 ,  H05B33/0869 ,  H05B33/0872

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid-state based light source, a corresponding circuitry and a method of emitting light, including one or more light source elements for generating light, a first sensor for receiving light emitted by the light source elements and ambient light and for generating a first sensor signal (S1) representing the received light, a second sensor for only receiving ambient light and for generating a second sensor signal (S2) representing the received ambient light. Moreover, the solid-state based light source comprises a control unit for receiving the first and the second sensor signals (S1, S2) and for generating control signals (Sc) for controlling the light source elements, based on the difference between the first and the second sensor signals (S1, S2), to compensate for the influence of the ambient light.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种基于固态的光源，包括用于产生光的一个或多个光源元件的发光的对应电路和方法，用于接收由光源元件发出的光和环境光的第一传感器， 用于产生表示所接收的光的第一传感器信号（S1），用于仅接收环境光并用于产生表示所接收的环境光的第二传感器信号（S2）的第二传感器。 此外，基于固态的光源包括控制单元，用于接收第一和第二传感器信号（S1，S2），并且用于产生用于控制光源元件的控制信号（Sc），基于第一和第二传感器信号 第二传感器信号（S1，S2），以补偿环境光的影响。

公开(公告)号：US5065036A

公开(公告)日：1991-11-12

申请号：US301643

申请日：1989-01-25

Applicant: Peter R. Cropper ,  Gary P. Haffenden ,  Jeremy K. Justice

Inventor： Peter R. Cropper ,  Gary P. Haffenden ,  Jeremy K. Justice

IPC: G01J3/10 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01N21/57 ,  H05B37/02 ,  H05B39/04

CPC classification number: H05B39/042 ,  G01J1/1626 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  G01N2021/1738 ,  G01N21/57 ,  Y02B20/14

Abstract: An optical detection and control system is described for controlling the brightness of a lamp, or compensating for variations in the brightness of a lamp, such as is used, for example, in a glossmeter, hazemeter, reflectometer, colourimeter or opacity meter. In one system light is transmitted along a path from the light source (1) to a region of interest (8), means (10) are arranged to detect light scattered from the said path, and a power control (12) is coupled to the detecting means (10) to control the brightness of the light source. In another system light is transmitted along a path from the light source (1) to a region of interest (8), a first detector (10) detects light scattered from the said path, a second detector (9) detects light which has reached the region of interest (8), and a signal is produced which is proportional to the ratio of the outputs of the two detectors (8, 9).

公开(公告)号：US4841156A

公开(公告)日：1989-06-20

申请号：US49833

申请日：1987-05-15

Applicant: Joe T. May ,  Edward A. Casacia

Inventor： Joe T. May ,  Edward A. Casacia

IPC: G01B11/06 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01N21/64

CPC classification number: G01N21/64 ,  G01B11/0658 ,  G01N21/8422 ,  G01J2001/1636

Abstract: An ultraviolet source (14) directs selected ultraviolet radiation onto a thin film (10) to excite it. The thin film fluoresces, either naturally or as a result of adding fluorescing material. The amount of light fluoresced is proportional to the film thickness. An optical filter (16) selectively transmits fluoresced wavelengths, excluding exciting wavelengths. A photodetector (18) converts the light to an electrical signal which is processed by signal processing circuits (20) and displayed on a readout (26). The output is compensated for variations in the intensity of the exciting ultraviolet radiation by generating a second electrical signal (13', 18') proportional to the intensity of the exciting radiation and dividing the first electrical signal by a function of said second electrical signal. The compensated output is then calibrated to assure precision and accurate measurements.Various materials may be selectively measured, individually in the presence of others by choosing appropriate excitation and emission wavelengths. The amount of fluoresced light is linear with respect to the amount of material present as long as the layer is quite thin. As the layer thickness increases, the amount of light to thickness relationship becomes non-linear.

Abstract translation: 紫外线源（14）将选择的紫外线辐射引导到薄膜（10）上以激发它。 该薄膜天然或由于添加荧光材料而发荧光。 荧光量与膜厚成正比。 滤光器（16）选择性地发射荧光波长，不包括激发波长。 光电检测器（18）将光转换成由信号处理电路（20）处理并显示在读出器（26）上的电信号。 通过产生与激励辐射的强度成比例的第二电信号（13'，18'）并通过所述第二电信号的函数来划分第一电信号，来补偿激发紫外线辐射强度的变化。 然后对补偿输出进行校准，以确保精确和准确的测量。 可以通过选择合适的激发和发射波长在其他物质的存在下单独地选择性地测量各种材料。 荧光量相对于存在的材料量是线性的，只要该层相当薄。 随着层厚度的增加，光的厚度关系变得非线性。

公开(公告)号：US4838698A

公开(公告)日：1989-06-13

申请号：US33065

申请日：1987-03-31

Applicant: Hiromitsu Ishii ,  Takashi Ono

Inventor： Hiromitsu Ishii ,  Takashi Ono

IPC: G01N21/59 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/46 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01R19/10 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103

CPC classification number: G01N21/534 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G01J1/46 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  G01N2021/1751 ,  G01N2201/0621 ,  G01N2201/0696 ,  G08B17/113

Abstract: An extinct type detector which detects and determines a concentration or density of a gas or vapor in a space on the basis of an attenuation of light due to the gas or vapor present within the space.The detector of this feature of the invention operates in such a way that the light emitting device is periodically driven to effect light emission, the first and the second photodetector devices receive the light from said light emitting device, the first and second storage means corresponding to the first and the second photodetector devices, respectively, cumulatively store the outputs from the respective photodetector devices, a difference in cumulative storage values between the first and the second storage means is detected to determine a concentration and density of the gas or vapor within the detecting space based on the detected difference.

Abstract translation: 一种灭绝型检测器，其基于由空气中存在的气体或蒸气引起的光的衰减来检测并确定空间中的气体或蒸汽的浓度或密度。 本发明的这个特征的检测器以这样的方式工作，使得发光器件被周期性地驱动以实现光发射，第一和第二光电检测器件接收来自所述发光器件的光，第一和第二存储装置对应于 第一和第二光电检测器装置分别累积地存储来自各个光检测器件的输出，检测第一和第二存储装置之间的累积存储值的差异，以确定检测中的气体或蒸气的浓度和密度 基于检测到的差异空间。

公开(公告)号：US4713964A

公开(公告)日：1987-12-22

申请号：US887022

申请日：1986-07-16

Applicant: Gregor Ioannides

Inventor： Gregor Ioannides

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/18 ,  G01J1/32 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G05D25/02 ,  G01M15/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/534 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  G01N2201/0621 ,  G01N2201/08 ,  G01N2201/126

Abstract: A device for measuring the optical turbidity, i.e., the soot components in discharge gases of diesel engines, which is relatively simply constructed, operates safely and enables a simple handling even with differently structured measuring devices. This result is achieved in that a controller for controlling the light density of the measuring light beam is optically coupled with a light source. A sample and hold circuit is provided with the values of a measuring detector and the control detector fed to a sample and hold circuit in a time multiplex manner with the measuring values processed in a computer unit. Control values are fed to the light source by means of a control loop. In addition, the computer unit is capable of storing a plurality of measuring values or turbidity values and average value of the stored peak values, whereby the peak values are determined by a dynamic measuring of a defined number of measuring cycles. Moreover, a device is provided which feeds motor related parameter to the computer unit for triggering of measuring value determination and measuring value calculation.

Abstract translation: 用于测量光学混浊度的装置，即相对简单构造的柴油发动机的排放气体中的烟灰分量，安全地运行，并且即使使用不同结构的测量装置也能够进行简单的处理。 该结果的实现是，用于控制测量光束的光密度的控制器与光源光学耦合。 采样和保持电路具有测量检测器和控制检测器的值，其以与计算机单元中处理的测量值以时间复用方式馈送到采样和保持电路。 通过控制回路将控制值馈送到光源。 此外，计算机单元能够存储多个测量值或浊度值和所存储的峰值的平均值，由此通过定义数量的测量循环的动态测量来确定峰值。 此外，提供了一种将电动机相关参数馈送到计算机单元的装置，用于触发测量值确定和测量值计算。

公开(公告)号：US4637730A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-20

申请号：US651802

申请日：1984-09-18

Applicant: Michael J. Ponstingl ,  Walter N. Trump ,  Robert C. Kessler

Inventor： Michael J. Ponstingl ,  Walter N. Trump ,  Robert C. Kessler

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01N21/15 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01N21/31

CPC classification number: G01N21/534 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  G01N21/15 ,  G01N2201/069 ,  G01N2201/082

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical absorptiometer which is characterized by a light source unit of a broad wavelength having a source of constant energy which is collimated into two light beams, one of which is transmitted through the liquid to be measured, and another beam which is transmitted through a conductor and acts as a reference beam, and a detector unit which contains two photocells, one photocell for measuring the beam transmitted through the liquid to be measured, and another photocell which measures the reference beam, a position in the absorptiometer for optically placing the liquid to be measured between the source unit and the detector unit, and means for measuring the energy difference between the light beams of the measured liquid and the reference beams in terms of absorbance, and means for converting this result to an electrical signal. In the preferred embodiment, the constant energy in the light source is controlled by feedback circuitry; the reference beam is transported by a fiber optic cable to the reference photocell of the detector unit; water condensation on the optical and viewing windows is prevented by means of dry air flow; the electrical signal is displayed and/or relayed to control an operation; and the reference beam is a segment of the original light beam from the source.

Abstract translation: 光吸收光谱仪本发明涉及一种光吸收光谱仪，其特征在于具有一个具有恒定能量源的宽波长光源单元，该光源单元被准直成两个光束，其中一个光束透过被测液体，另一个光束是 透射通过导体并用作参考光束;以及检测器单元，其包含两个光电管，一个用于测量透过待测液体的光束的光电池，以及测量参考光束的另一个光电池，用于光学的吸光光度计中的位置 将待测量的液体放置在源单元和检测器单元之间，以及用于测量所测量的液体的光束和参考光束之间的吸光度的能量差的装置，以及用于将该结果转换为电信号的装置。 在优选实施例中，光源中的恒定能量由反馈电路控制; 参考光束通过光纤电缆传输到检测器单元的参考光电管; 通过干燥空气流动防止光学和观察窗口上的水凝结; 显示和/或中继电信号以控制操作; 并且参考光束是来自源的原始光束的一段。