公开(公告)号：US08063369B2

公开(公告)日：2011-11-22

申请号：US12071058

申请日：2008-02-14

Applicant: Heikki Seppä ,  Panu Helistö ,  Arttu Luukanen

Inventor： Heikki Seppä ,  Panu Helistö ,  Arttu Luukanen

IPC: G01J5/00

CPC classification number: G01J5/20 ,  G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/0837 ,  G01J5/24 ,  G01J2005/202 ,  G01J2005/208

Abstract: The invention relates to a bolometer element, a bolometer cell, a bolometer camera, and a method for reading a bolometer cell. The bolometer cell comprises several bolometer elements. Each bolometer element comprises a first bolometer having a first heating resistance for sensing radiation power acting on the element, and a second bolometer having a second heating resistance, and in each bolometer element the first and second bolometers are electrically connected to each other in such a way that the heating resistance (611) of the first bolometer can be biased with the aid of a voltage through the heating resistance of the second bolometer in order to amplify the radiation power detected with the aid of the connection. With the aid of the invention, it is possible to implement an extremely sensitive bolometer camera.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及测辐射热计元件，测辐射热计单元，测辐射热量计摄像机和读取测辐射热计单元的方法。 测辐射热计单元包括若干测辐射热计元件。 每个测辐射热计元件包括具有用于感测作用在该元件上的辐射功率的第一加热电阻的第一辐射热计和具有第二加热电阻的第二测辐射热计，并且在每个测辐射热计元件中，第一和第二测辐射热计在彼此电连接 第一测辐射热计的加热电阻（611）借助于通过第二测辐射热计的加热电阻的电压被偏置，以放大借助于连接检测到的辐射功率。 借助于本发明，可以实现极其敏感的测辐射热量计相机。

公开(公告)号：US4982080A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-01

申请号：US266743

申请日：1988-11-03

Applicant: Jerry A. Wilson ,  Michael D. Jack

Inventor： Jerry A. Wilson ,  Michael D. Jack

IPC: G01J1/44 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J5/28 ,  G01J5/30 ,  H04N5/335

CPC classification number: G01J5/30 ,  G01J2001/4426 ,  G01J2005/208 ,  G01J2005/283

Abstract: A radiation detecting array 10 has a frequency domain architecture wherein incident radiation is imaged in parallel by an array of radiation detectors 12-16. Each radiation detector has an associated amplitude to frequency conversion device 18-22 for providing output signals wherein the output of each photodetector is represented as a frequency within a uniquely identified band of frequencies, the specific frequency being a function of the output signal amplitude of the photodetector. The readout of one or more selected detectors is accomplished by providing a swept frequency band or bands associated with the desired detector or detectors and mixing the detector frequencies with the swept band. The frequency representing the photodetector output may be input directly to a low dispersion transmission line 30. The unit cells may include radiation detectors comprised of superconducting material and also superconducting components that inherently manifest current or voltage to frequency conversion characteristics in accordance with the Josepson effect. An array having high temperature superconducting components includes photodetectors 60, associated voltage to frequency convertors 64 and a transmission line 70 integrated upon a common substrate.

Abstract translation: 辐射检测阵列10具有频域结构，其中入射辐射由辐射探测器12-16的阵列平行成像。 每个辐射检测器具有相关联的幅度到频率转换装置18-22，用于提供输出信号，其中每个光电检测器的输出被表示为在唯一标识的频带内的频率，该特定频率是信号幅度的函数 光电探测器 通过提供与期望的检测器或检测器相关联的扫描频带或频带并将检测器频率与扫频带混合来实现一个或多个选择的检测器的读出。 表示光电检测器输出的频率可以直接输入到低色散传输线30.单元电池可以包括由超导材料组成的辐射检测器以及根据Josepson效应固有地表现电流或电压与频率转换特性的超导部件。 具有高温超导元件的阵列包括光电探测器60，与变频器64相关联的电压以及集成在公共衬底上的传输线70。

公开(公告)号：US20240334841A1

公开(公告)日：2024-10-03

申请号：US18375509

申请日：2023-09-30

Applicant: ZHEJIANG LAB

Inventor： LIHUI YANG ,  XIAOHANG ZHANG ,  CHAO ZHANG ,  RAN DUAN ,  ZHIFENG ZHAO ,  DI LI ,  SHILING YU ,  YI FENG

IPC: H10N60/01 ,  C23C14/06 ,  C23C14/35 ,  G01J5/20

CPC classification number: H10N60/0241 ,  C23C14/0641 ,  C23C14/35 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J2005/208

Abstract: The present invention discloses the low-stress niobium nitride (NbN) superconducting thin film and preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method includes the following steps: providing the metal Nb target and the Si-based substrates, fixing the Si-based substrate at room temperature, adjusting the mass flow ratio of N2/Ar to 20%-50%, the sputtering power to 50-400 W and the deposition pressure to 3.0-10.0 mTorr, NbN superconducting thin films with a stress range of-500 MPa˜500 MPa and a thickness of 70-150 nm were deposited on Si-based substrates. By synergistically controlling the mass flow rate ratio of N2/Ar, sputtering power, and deposition pressure, low stress NbN superconducting thin films can be easily and efficiently prepared. The stress range of the prepared NbN superconducting thin films meets the preparation requirements of superconducting dynamic inductance detectors, and can be mass-produced.

公开(公告)号：US11994431B2

公开(公告)日：2024-05-28

申请号：US18385414

申请日：2023-10-31

Applicant: Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Inventor： Zhenhui Lin ,  Qijun Yao ,  Dong Liu ,  Jie Liu ,  Wenying Duan ,  Shengcai Shi

IPC: G01N21/3504 ,  G01J5/00 ,  G01J5/53 ,  G01J5/54 ,  G01J5/80 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01N21/3586 ,  G01W1/06

CPC classification number: G01J5/804 ,  G01J5/0014 ,  G01J5/53 ,  G01J5/54 ,  G01J5/806 ,  G01J2005/208 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3586 ,  G01W1/06

Abstract: An omnidirectional measurement system for a time-varying characteristic of atmospheric vapor radiation includes an antenna and calibrator assembly, a receiver assembly, a room temperature IF assembly, and a data acquisition and system control assembly. Atmospheric vapor features a wide profile and strong radiation in a frequency band of 183 GHz, and is often seen in the characteristic measurement of atmospheric vapor in high-altitude areas. The omnidirectional measurement system combines a superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixer with high detection sensitivity in the frequency band of 183 GHz with a structure that integrates pitch scanning, omnidirectional scanning, and automatic calibration to achieve fast and high-precision omnidirectional scanning measurement of the time-varying characteristic of atmospheric vapor radiation. The omnidirectional measurement system has a pitch adjustment-based fast omnidirectional scanning function, and can measure the time-varying characteristic of atmospheric vapor radiation with higher precision and higher temporal resolution through the SIS mixer with higher sensitivity.

公开(公告)号：US11796579B2

公开(公告)日：2023-10-24

申请号：US16649884

申请日：2018-09-25

Applicant: UNIVERSIDAD DEL PAÍS VASCO/EUSKAL HERRIKO UNIBERTSITATEA ,  AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS ,  UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ

Inventor： Fernando Sebastian Bergeret Sbarbaro ,  Francesco Giazotto ,  Tero Heikkilä ,  Ilari Maasilta

IPC: G01R29/08 ,  G01J5/20 ,  H10N60/10 ,  H01F1/00 ,  H01F1/147

CPC classification number: G01R29/0878 ,  G01J5/20 ,  H10N60/10 ,  G01J2005/208 ,  H01F1/0018 ,  H01F1/14708

Abstract: An electromagnetic sensor for use in a variety of applications requiring extremely high sensitivity, such as measuring power and characteristics of incident electromagnetic radiation includes a superconducting layer that carries an exchange field for providing a spin splitting effect of charge carriers in the superconducting layer, a metal electrode, and an insulating layer arranged between the superconducting layer and metal electrode to form a spin filter junction therebetween. The electromagnetic sensor provides an antenna including a wave collecting element, in contact with the superconducting layer to convey thereinto external electromagnetic waves that are generated by an external source. An electric measurement device provides an output signal responsive to the amplitude and frequency of the external electromagnetic waves, and contacts the metal electrode to measure an electric current or voltage caused by the spin splitted charge carrier flow from the superconducting layer through the spin filter junction into the metal electrode.

公开(公告)号：US09490112B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-08

申请号：US14640257

申请日：2015-03-06

Applicant: Robert Francis McDermott, III ,  Joseph Robert Suttle

Inventor： Robert Francis McDermott, III ,  Joseph Robert Suttle

IPC: H01J49/02 ,  H01J49/40 ,  H01J49/00 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J1/44

CPC classification number: H01J49/025 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G01J2005/208 ,  H01J49/0031 ,  H01J49/0036 ,  H01J49/022 ,  H01J49/40

Abstract: A system and method for characterizing incident ions are provided. The method includes positioning a transmission line detector to receive incident ions, the transmission line detector comprising a superconducting meandering wire defining a detection area for incident ions, and applying a bias current to the transmission line detector. The method also includes detecting a first signal produced in the transmission line detector due to an ion impacting the detection area, and detecting a second signal produced in the transmission line detector due to the ion impacting the detection area. The method further includes analyzing the first signal and the second signal to characterize the ion. In some aspects, the method further includes identifying a delay between the first signal and the second signal to determine, using the identified delay, a location of the ion on the detection area.

Abstract translation: 提供了表征入射离子的系统和方法。 该方法包括定位传输线检测器以接收入射离子，传输线检测器包括限定入射离子的检测区域的超导蜿蜒线，以及向传输线检测器施加偏置电流。 该方法还包括检测由于离子影响检测区域而在传输线检测器中产生的第一信号，以及检测由于离子影响检测区域而在传输线检测器中产生的第二信号。 该方法还包括分析第一信号和第二信号以表征离子。 在一些方面，所述方法还包括识别所述第一信号和所述第二信号之间的延迟，以使用所识别的延迟来确定所述检测区域上的所述离子的位置。

公开(公告)号：US20160290868A1

公开(公告)日：2016-10-06

申请号：US15035182

申请日：2014-11-04

Applicant: THE UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK ,  VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND

Inventor： David Gunnarsson ,  Evan Parker ,  Martin Prest ,  Mika Prunnila ,  Terence Whall

IPC: G01J5/04 ,  G01J5/02 ,  G01J5/20 ,  H01L39/22 ,  H01L31/09

CPC classification number: G01J5/046 ,  G01J5/024 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J2005/106 ,  G01J2005/208 ,  H01L31/09 ,  H01L39/22 ,  H01L39/24

Abstract: A bolometer is described. A bolometer includes a superconductor-insulator-semiconductor-superconductor structure or a superconductor-insulator-semiconductor-insulator-superconductor structure. The semiconductor comprises an electron gas in a layer of silicon, germanium or silicon-germanium alloy in which valley degeneracy is at least partially lifted. The insulator or a one or both of the insulators may comprise a layer of dielectric material. The insulator or a one or both of the insulators may comprise a layer of non-degenerately doped semiconductor.

Abstract translation: 描述了测辐射热谱仪。 测辐射热计包括超导体 - 绝缘体 - 半导体 - 超导体结构或超导体 - 绝缘体 - 半导体 - 绝缘体 - 超导体结构。 半导体包括硅，锗或硅 - 锗合金层中的电子气，其中谷简并性至少部分地被提升。 绝缘体或一个或两个绝缘体可以包括电介质材料层。 绝缘体或一个或两个绝缘体可以包括非简并掺杂的半导体层。

公开(公告)号：US20130143744A1

公开(公告)日：2013-06-06

申请号：US13646439

申请日：2012-10-05

Applicant: Massachusetts Institue of Technology

Inventor： Francesco Marsili ,  Karl K. Berggren

IPC: H01L31/107 ,  G06F17/50 ,  H01L39/02

CPC classification number: H01L31/107 ,  G01J1/4228 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G01J2001/4446 ,  G01J2005/208 ,  G06F17/5072 ,  H01L39/02 ,  H01L39/10

Abstract: A superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector (SNAP) with improved high-speed performance. An inductive element may be coupled in series with at least two parallel-coupled nanowires. The nanowires may number 5 or fewer, and may be superconducting and responsive to even a single photon. The series inductor may ensure current diverted from a photon-absorbing nanowire propagates to other nanowires and become amplified. The series inductance may be less than 10 times the nominal inductance per nanowire, and may also be larger than a minimum inductance to avoid spurious outputs in response to a photon absorption. The series inductance may be configured to achieve a desired tradeoff between SNAP reset time and spurious outputs. For example, the series inductance may be configured achieve minimum reset time or maximum bias margin, subject to user-defined constraints. By appropriately configuring the series inductance, a systematic method of designing improved SNAPs may be provided.

Abstract translation: 超导纳米线雪崩光电探测器（SNAP）具有改进的高速性能。 电感元件可以与至少两个平行耦合的纳米线串联耦合。 纳米线可以是5或更少，并且可能是超导的并且甚至对单个光子有反应。 串联电感器可以确保从光子吸收纳米线转移的电流传播到其他纳米线并​​变得放大。 串联电感可以小于每纳米线的标称电感的10倍，并且还可以大于最小电感以避免响应于光子吸收的杂散输出。 串联电感可以被配置为实现SNAP复位时间和杂散输出之间的期望权衡。 例如，串联电感可以被配置为实现最小复位时间或最大偏置裕度，受用户定义的限制。 通过适当地配置串联电感，可以提供设计改进的SNAP的系统方法。