公开(公告)号：US5397899A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-14

申请号：US917486

申请日：1992-07-21

Applicant: Rocco DiFoggio ,  Maya Sadhukhan

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio ,  Maya Sadhukhan

IPC: G01J3/00 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01J3/02

CPC classification number: G01N33/2829 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3577 ,  G01N21/359

Abstract: The present invention is a method for improving the estimation of physical properties of a material based on the infrared spectrum of the material and the correlation between directly-measured properties of interest and the infrared spectra of a representative set of calibration specimens of the material. By intentionally introducing spectral distortion such as transmittance shifts, wavelength shifts, absorbance-baseline shifts and absorbance-baseline tilts into the infrared spectra of the representative specimens and then determining the correlation between the distorted spectra and the directly-measured properties before applying the correlation to the infrared spectrum of the sample being analyzed, the correlation is self-compensating for the types of distortion introduced.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种基于材料的红外光谱改善材料的物理性质的估计方法，以及直接测量的感兴趣的性质与该材料的代表性校准样品组的红外光谱之间的相关性。 通过有意引入诸如透射率偏移，波长漂移，吸收 - 基线偏移和吸收 - 基线的光谱失真倾斜到代表性样本的红外光谱中，然后在应用相关性之前确定失真光谱与直接测量特性之间的相关性 正在分析的样品的红外光谱，相关性是引入的失真类型的自补偿。

公开(公告)号：US5369481A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-29

申请号：US880807

申请日：1992-05-08

Applicant: Bernard J. Berg ,  Thomas J. Boes ,  Mark A. Cargill ,  Patrick S. Rood

Inventor： Bernard J. Berg ,  Thomas J. Boes ,  Mark A. Cargill ,  Patrick S. Rood

IPC: G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/51 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/513 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01N2021/556 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: A portable spectrophotometer includes a small-diameter optical sphere as well as optical detectors and signal processing and display circuitry which allows the instrument to be taken to an object to be measured and which provides a readout of color values at the portable instrument. The instrument is capable of providing specular-included and specular-excluded color readings simultaneously. The interior of the integrating sphere is coated with a highly reflective, color-absorbing material, and light from an incandescent lamp is diffused within the sphere prior to reaching the object to be measured. The sphere is provided with a first aperture which receives spectrally-included light and which is positioned to absorb a spectral component of the diffused source light. A second aperture positioned at a corresponding angular position with respect to the object measures specular-excluded light, excluding the specular component absorbed by the first aperture. Light detected from the first aperture is analyzed at a plurality of wavelengths obtained by the use of interference filters, and the light obtained from the second aperture is analyzed at one of the plurality of wavelengths. By appropriately combining the specular-included and specular-excluded at one wavelength, a value for the specular component is derived. Since this value is a theoretical constant, it is used to derive a specular-excluded reading from each of the specular-included readings at the different wavelengths.

Abstract translation: 便携式分光光度计包括小直径光学球以及光学检测器和信号处理和显示电路，其允许将仪器带到要测量的对象，并且在便携式仪器上提供彩色值的读出。 该仪器能够同时提供镜面包含和镜面排除的色彩读数。 积分球的内部涂覆有高反射性的彩色吸收材料，并且来自白炽灯的光在到达待测量物体之前在球体内扩散。 该球体设置有第一孔，其接收光谱包围的光，并被定位成吸收漫射源光的光谱分量。 位于相对于物体的相应角度位置的第二孔测量除了由第一孔吸收的镜面反射分量之外的镜面排除光。 以通过使用干涉滤光器获得的多个波长来分析从第一孔径检测到的光，并且从多个波长中的一个分析从第二孔径获得的光。 通过适当地组合在一个波长处的镜面包含和镜面排除，导出镜面反射分量的值。 由于该值是一个理论常数，它用于从不同波长的每个镜面包含的读数中导出镜面排除的读数。

公开(公告)号：US4917492A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-17

申请号：US280763

申请日：1988-12-06

Applicant: Musubu Koishi

Inventor： Musubu Koishi

IPC: G01J3/30 ,  G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/0264

Abstract: In addition to obtaining a spectrum of a measuring spot of an object, a spectrum measuring apparatus comprises a TV camera for picking-up a total image of the object. Signals corresponding to the spectrum and the total image are superposed so that the spectrum and the total image are displayed on a screen of a TV monitor at the same time.

Abstract translation: 除了获得物体的测量点的光谱之外，光谱测量装置包括用于拾取对象的总体图像的电视摄像机。 与频谱和总图像相对应的信号被叠加，使得频谱和总图像同时显示在TV监视器的屏幕上。

公开(公告)号：US4732482A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-22

申请号：US935412

申请日：1986-11-26

Applicant: Harald Rippel

Inventor： Harald Rippel

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01J3/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/4535

Abstract: To reduce the data rate of a digitalized measuring signal produced in Fourier spectroscopy, the analog signal representing the interferogram is mixed with a second electrical signal whose frequency is modulated in proportion to the deviation of the instantaneous actual speed of the moving mirror of a double beam interferometer from its constant desired speed. Only the difference frequencies produced as a result of the frequency mixing are digitalized and supplied to an associated computer for analysis of the interferogram. The digital measuring signal thus obtained is distinguished by a substantially reduced data rate without giving rise to additional errors in the frequency transformation. To produce the second frequency modulated electrical signal, a laser source is used which supplies a laser beam into the interferometer parallel to the measuring beam. The interferogram of the laser beam produced in the interferometer is converted by a second optoelectrical converter into an electrical signal frequency modulated in a desired manner and is supplied to a frequency mixer.

Abstract translation: 为了降低在傅里叶谱中产生的数字化测量信号的数据速率，表示干涉图的模拟信号与第二电信号混合，第二电信号的频率与双光束的移动镜的瞬时实际速度的偏差成比例地调制 干涉仪从其恒定的所需速度。 作为频率混合产生的差分频率仅被数字化并提供给相关联的计算机以分析干涉图。 如此获得的数字测量信号通过基本上减小的数据速率来区分，而不会引起频率变换中的附加误差。 为了产生第二调频电信号，使用激光源，其将激光束提供给平行于测量光束的干涉仪。 在干涉仪中产生的激光束的干涉图被第二光电转换器转换成以期望的方式调制的电信号并被提供给混频器。

公开(公告)号：US4632550A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-30

申请号：US657963

申请日：1984-10-05

Applicant: Kiyoaki Hara ,  Issei Yokoyama ,  Natsuki Yoshida

Inventor： Kiyoaki Hara ,  Issei Yokoyama ,  Natsuki Yoshida

IPC: G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/443

CPC classification number: G01J3/4406 ,  G01J3/2889 ,  G01N21/6408

Abstract: A measuring method for a time resolved emission spectrum or a time resolved excitation spectrum, wherein when emission transient waveforms from a pulse-excited sample are measured by the time correlation photon counting method; the emission transient waveforms are measured at every optimum wavelength in a problematical emission spectrum region; the measured emission transient waveforms are stored in a memory in order and at every wavelength; all the transient waveforms in each wavelength are measured; thereafter, the time resolved emission spectrum or the time resolved excitation spectrum is produced on the basis of all the above-mentioned stored emission transient waveform data, thereby enabling the proper spectrum to be produced efficiently.

Abstract translation: 时间分辨发射光谱或时间分辨激发光谱的测量方法，其中当通过时间相关光子计数法测量来自脉冲激发样品的发射瞬态波形时; 在有问题的发射光谱区域中的每个最佳波长处测量发射瞬态波形; 测量的发射瞬态波形按顺序和每个波长存储在存储器中; 测量每个波长中的所有瞬态波形; 此后，基于所有上述存储的发射瞬态波形数据产生时间分辨发射光谱或时间分辨激发光谱，从而能够有效地产生适当的光谱。

公开(公告)号：US4610544A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-09

申请号：US615826

申请日：1984-07-09

Applicant: Clifford Riley

Inventor： Clifford Riley

IPC: G01N35/08 ,  G01J3/00

CPC classification number: G01N35/085 ,  Y10T436/118339

Abstract: A method and apparatus for analysis of liquid samples is described. The method involves simultaneously introducing a predetermined quantity of a given sample and a predetermined quantity of a selected reagent therefor directly into separate flow lines by aspiration from separate containers; bringing the extracted sample and the extracted reagent together into a common flow channel; and causing the sample/reagent mixture to travel along the flow channel as a discrete liquid slug interposed in the stream of a carrier liquid to the measurement cell of an analytical instrument. Another aspect of the method is characterized in that a single pump is used to draw sample and reagent into separate arms of the flow channel which subsequently merge, and to drive the sample/reagent mixture along the flow channel; and in that a carrier liquid is drawn into the flow channel by said pump so that the material within the flow channel is carried along as a continuous liquid phase. The apparatus comprises means for extracting the sample and reagent; a peristaltic pump for driving material along the flow channel; a stepping motor connected or connectable to drive the peristaltic pump, the stepping motor being controllable (preferably by a microprocessor) so that it can make precise angular movements; means, for example a Y-piece or T-piece, for bringing the extracted sample and the extracted reagent together into a common flow channel; and means for deriving an analytical measurement from material in the flow channel. The method and apparatus are particularly well suited for use in the automatic analysis of samples of clinical interest.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于液体样品分析的方法和装置。 该方法包括通过从分离的容器抽吸同时将预定量的给定样品和预定量的选定试剂引入到分离的流动管线中; 将提取的样品和提取的试剂一起放入共同的流动通道中; 并且使样品/试剂混合物沿着流动通道行进，作为插入到载体液体流中的离散液体块塞到分析仪器的测量单元。 该方法的另一方面的特征在于，使用单个泵将样品和试剂抽吸到随后合并的流动通道的分开的臂中，并沿着流动通道驱动样品/试剂混合物; 并且载体液体被所述泵吸入流动通道中，使得流动通道内的材料作为连续的液相携带。 该装置包括用于提取样品和试剂的装置; 用于沿着流动通道驱动材料的蠕动泵; 连接或可连接以驱动蠕动泵的步进电机，步进电机可控制（优选地由微处理器），使得其可以进行精确的角运动; 意味着例如Y片或T片，用于将提取的样品和提取的试剂一起放入共同的流动通道中; 以及用于从流动通道中的材料导出分析测量的装置。 该方法和装置特别适用于临床感兴趣的样品的自动分析。

公开(公告)号：US4198120A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-15

申请号：US918373

申请日：1978-06-23

Applicant: David D. Norris ,  Charles E. Giffin

Inventor： David D. Norris ,  Charles E. Giffin

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G02B6/06 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B5/17 ,  G01J3/00

CPC classification number: G02B27/0025 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G02B6/06

Abstract: A fiber optic device consists of bundles of fiber optic rods which extend from an input face of the device, to which images of a spectrogram are directed to an output face. The input and output faces of the bundles are corrected so that images of a spectrogram, which are either tilted with respect to the spectrogram's height axis or are curved due to Berry curvature, pass through the device and appear at its output face in directions perpendicular to the spectrograms length axis and parallel to its height.

Abstract translation: 光纤设备由从设备的输入面延伸的光纤棒束组成，光谱图的图像被引导到输出面。 纠正束的输入和输出面，使得相对于谱图的高度轴倾斜或由于浆果曲率而弯曲的谱图的图像通过装置并且在其输出面上出现在垂直于 光谱图长轴平行于其高度。

公开(公告)号：US4043670A

公开(公告)日：1977-08-23

申请号：US586096

申请日：1975-06-11

Applicant: Jury Georgievich Kozlov ,  Alexandr Iosifovich Lopatin

Inventor： Jury Georgievich Kozlov ,  Alexandr Iosifovich Lopatin

IPC: G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01N3/00 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/0237 ,  G01J3/0291

Abstract: The spectrometer comprises a symmetrical ruled diffraction grating with the collimated light beam under examination being incident thereupon diffracting in the right and left diffraction orders, into two light rays of a preset wavelength. One of these light rays returns to the diffraction grating, being reflected from a scanning mirror common to both light rays. The other light ray returns to the same diffraction grating after being reflected from an additional mirror, whose reflecting surface is parallel to the diffraction grating rulings, then from the scanning mirror, common to both light rays, and again from the additional mirror. Upon returning both light rays diffract in the same direction, interfere with each other and are registered. The method of examining the spectral composition of light realized through the use of the above-mentioned spectrometer, consists in using two twice diffracted light rays which have been reflected (2n+1) and (2n+3) times from two reflecting surfaces, where n is a natural number.

Abstract translation: 光谱仪包括对准的格栅衍射光栅，其中正在检查的准直光束入射到右衍射级和左衍射级衍射到预定波长的两个光线。 这些光线中的一个返回到衍射光栅，从两个光线共同的扫描镜反射。 另外的光线从反射表面平行于衍射光栅刻度的另外的反射镜反射之后返回到相同的衍射光栅，然后从扫描镜反射，并且再次来自附加的反射镜。 在返回时，两个光线在相同方向上衍射，彼此干涉并被登记。 通过使用上述光谱仪实现的光的光谱组成的检查方法在于使用从两个反射面反射（2n + 1）和（2n + 3）次的两倍的衍射光线，其中 n是自然数。

公开(公告)号：US4042302A

公开(公告)日：1977-08-16

申请号：US665463

申请日：1976-03-10

Applicant: John L. Wentz

Inventor： John L. Wentz

IPC: G01J4/00 ,  G01J9/00 ,  G01J3/00

CPC classification number: G01J4/00 ,  G01J9/00

Abstract: A broadband optical discriminator for determining the wavelength of received radiation which is in a narrow band is described. The received radiation is passed through a polarization spoiler, a linear polarizer, a polarization dispersion device, and a beam splitting polarizer forming two beams. The intensity of the two beams is converted into electrical signals. The electrical signals are processed to provide a signal indicative of the wavelength of the incident radiation.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于确定窄带中的接收辐射的波长的宽带光鉴别器。 接收的辐射通过偏振扰流器，线性偏振器，偏振分散装置和形成两个光束的分束偏振器。 两个光束的强度被转换为电信号。 处理电信号以提供指示入射辐射的波长的信号。

公开(公告)号：US4001577A

公开(公告)日：1977-01-04

申请号：US637947

申请日：1975-12-05

Applicant: Andres Albanese ,  Calvin F. Quate

Inventor： Andres Albanese ,  Calvin F. Quate

IPC: G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G02F1/125 ,  H04B10/152 ,  G02F1/33 ,  G02F2/00 ,  H04B9/00

CPC classification number: G02F1/125 ,  G01J3/1256

Abstract: Method and apparatus for causing light to interact with surface acoustic waves so that the light is either scattered out of or coupled into an optical wave guide. In the case of scattering when the light is propagating in an optical wave guide and chirped surface acoustic waves interact with the light, the light is scattered out of the optical wave guide into a focused beam. The focused beam of light travels in a path parallel to the surface acoustic waves and at the same velocity as the acoustic waves. The focused beam can scan objects to obtain electrical signals corresponding to the optical image of the objects and also the beam can be focused on a plurality of photodetectors to multiplex the light. In the case of coupling when the light is incident on an optical wave guide and the frequency of the chirped surface acoustic waves is selectively varied, the light is selectively coupled into the optical wave guide in a corresponding manner. The selective coupling of the light permits the frequency spectrum and the angular distribution of the light to be analyzed.