Abstract:
The present invention relates to an electrode assembly useful for analyzing metal electroplating solutions. Such electrode assembly comprises a measuring electrode, preferably a rotating disc electrode or a microelectrode, and at least one of an in situ cleaning mechanism, a nucleation and metal growth optimization mechanism, and a voltage limiting mechanism. The present invention also relates to usage of such electrode assembly for in situ cleaning of the measuring electrode, nucleation and metal growth optimization, or voltage limitation.
Abstract:
An electrochemical sensing and data analysis system (and apparatus and methods) adapted for control of electroplating of various metal(s) on a wafer or other suitable substrate. Components of the system utilize multi-variate analysis (MVA) and galvanostatic, potentiodynamic or other electrical measurements (or combinations thereof) to predict, adjust or control plating parameters, e.g., to achieve improved yield of plated substrates with acceptable levels of defects (or lack thereof).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for mathematically re-calibrating and adjusting an initial concentration analysis model that suffers from electrochemical measurement errors caused by surface state changes in the working/counter/reference electrode after extended usage. Specifically, such recalibration method reimburses long-term drift in the electrochemical measurements based on a single point testing.
Abstract:
A MONITORING SYSTEM (100) FOR MONITORING FLUID IN A FLUID SUPPLY VESSEL (22, 24, 26, 28, 108) DURING OPERATION INCLUDING DISPENSING OF FLUID FROM THE FLUID SUPPLY VESSEL. THE MONITORING SYSTEM INCLUDES (I) ONE OR MORE SENSORS (114, 126) FOR MONITORING A CHARACTERISTIC OF THE FLUID SUPPLY VESSEL OR THE FLUID DISPENSED THEREFROM, (II) A DATA ACQUISITION MODULE (40, 132, 146) OPERATIVELY COUPLED TO THE ONE OR MORE SENSORS TO RECEIVE MONITORING DATA THEREFROM AND RESPONSIVELY GENERATE AN OUTPUT CORRELATIVE TO THE CHARACTERISTIC MONITORED BY THE ONE OR MORE SENSORS, AND (III) A PROCESSOR (50, 150) AND DISPLAY (52, 150) OPERATIVELY COUPLED WITH THE DATA ACQUISITION MODULE AND ARRANGED TO PROCESS THE OUTPUT FROM THE DATA ACQUISITION MODULE AND RESPONSIVELY OUTPUT A GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF FLUID IN THE FLUID SUPPLY VESSEL, BILLING DOCUMENTS, USAGE REPORTS, AND/OR RESUPPLY REQUESTS.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for delivering fluid-containing feed materials to process equipment are disclosed. A liner-based pressure dispensing vessel (220, 230) is subjected to filling by application of vacuum between the liner (224, 234) and overpack (222, 230). Multiple feed material flow controllers (321A-324A) of different calibrated flow ranges may be selectively operated in parallel for a single feed material. Feed material blending and testing for scale-up may be performed with feed materaisl supplied by multiple liner-based pressure dispensing containers. A gravimetric system may be used to determine concentration of at least one component of a multi-component solution or mixture.
Abstract:
A fluid storage and dispensing system including a fluid storage and dispensing vessel enclosing an interior volume for holding a fluid. The vessel includes a fluid discharge port for discharging fluid from the vessel. A pressure regulating element in the interior volume of the fluid storage and dispensing vessel is arranged to flow fluid therethrough to the fluid discharge port at a set pressure for dispensing thereof. A controller external of the fluid storage and dispensing vessel is arranged to transmit a control input into the vessel to cause the pressure regulating element to change the set pressure of the fluid flowed from the pressure regulating element to the fluid discharge port. By such arrangement, the respective storage and dispensing operations can have differing regulator set point pressures, as for example a subatmospheric pressure set point for storage and a superatmospheric pressure set point for dispensing.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for mathematically re-calibrating and adjusting an initial concentration analysis model that suffers from electrochemical measurement errors caused by surface state changes in the working/counter/reference electrode after extended usage. Specifically, such recalibration method reimburses long-term drift in the electrochemical measurements based on a single point testing.
Abstract:
Carbonaceous materials are described, having utility for fluid storage/dispensing. The carbonaceous material in one implementation is a nanoporous carbon composite having porosity that is at least partially filled with material imparting to the composite an enhanced character. Another implementation utilizes porous carbon material as a storage medium for chlorine gas. A further implementation utilizes porous carbon material as a hydrogen storage mediu e g, for hydrogen fuel cells. In another implementation, porous carbon material is employed as a sorbent medium in a fluid storage and dispensing system, in an arrangement of multiple porous carbon articles, and positional stabilization structure is employed to restrain the arrangement against movement. An arrangement in which carbon adsorbent is desorbed of residual fluid by resistive and/or inductive heating of the adsorbent is described.