Abstract:
Provided are methods for enhanced sequencing of nucleic acid templates. Also provided are reaction conditions that increase branching fractions during polymerization reactions. Also provided are compositions comprising modified recombinant polymerases that exhibit branching fractions that are higher than the branching fractions of the polymerases from which they were derived. Provided are compositions comprising modified recombinant polymerases that exhibit delayed translocation relative to the polymerases from which they were derived. Also provided are compositions comprising modified recombinant polymerases that exhibit increased nucleotide or nucleotide analog residence time at an active site of the polymerase. Provided are methods for generating polymerases with the aforementioned phenotypes and methods of using such polymerases to sequence a DNA template or make a DNA. Also provided are methods and nucleic acid sequencing systems for determining which labeled nucleotide is incorporated at a site during a template-dependent polymerization reaction.
Abstract:
Labeled reactant compositions, and particularly labeled nucleic acid reaction compositions, that include structural components that maintain potentially damaging labeling components sufficiently distal from the reactant portion of the molecule such that damaging effects of the label group on other reaction components, such as enzymes, are reduced, minimized and/or eliminated.
Abstract:
Systems and methods of enhancing fluorescent labeling strategies as well as systems and methods of using non-fluorescent and/or non-optic labeling strategies, e.g., as with single molecule sequencing using ZMWs, are described.
Abstract:
Active surface coupled polymerases, surfaces that include such polymerases, and methods of making and using surface-attached polymerases are provided.
Abstract:
Devices, systems and methods of using same where hybrid substrate materials are provided with a substantially uniform surface to provide uniformity of properties, including interaction with their environments. Uniform surfaces are applied as coatings over, e.g., hybrid metal/silica, metal/polymer, metal/metal surfaces to mask different chemical properties of differing regions of the surface and to afford a protective surface for the hybrid structure.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to optical confinements, method of preparing and methods of using them for analyzing molecules and/or monitoring chemical reactions. The apparatus and methods embodied in the present invention are particularly useful for high-throughput and low-cost single-molecular analysis.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to optical confinements, method of preparing and methods of using them for analyzing molecules and/or monitoring chemical reactions. The apparatus and methods embodied in the present invention are particularly useful for high-throughput and low-cost single-molecular analysis.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to optical confinements, method of preparing and methods of using them for analyzing molecules and/or monitoring chemical reactions. The apparatus and methods embodied in the present invention are particularly useful for high-throughput and low-cost single-molecular analysis.
Abstract:
This invention provides substrates for use in various applications, including single-molecule analytical reactions. Methods for propagating optical energy within a substrate are provided. Devices comprising waveguide substrates and dielectric omnidirectional reflectors are provided. Waveguide substrates with improved uniformity of optical energy intensity across one or more waveguides and enhanced waveguide illumination efficiency within an analytic detection region of the arrays are provided.