公开(公告)号：US06922242B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-26

申请号：US10465386

申请日：2003-06-19

Applicant: Glen W. Sachse

Inventor： Glen W. Sachse

IPC: G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/447 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G02B5/30 ,  G01J4/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/08 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/3518

Abstract: An optical path switch divides sample path radiation into a time series of alternating first polarized components and second polarized components. The first polarized components are transmitted along a first optical path and the second polarized components along a second optical path. A first gasless optical filter train filters the first polarized components to isolate at least a first wavelength band thereby generating first filtered radiation. A second gasless optical filter train filters the second polarized components to isolate at least a second wavelength band thereby generating second filtered radiation. A beam combiner combines the first and second filtered radiation to form a combined beam of radiation. A detector is disposed to monitor magnitude of at least a portion of the combined beam alternately at the first wavelength band and the second wavelength band as an indication of the concentration of the substance in the sample path.

Abstract translation: 光路开关将采样路径辐射分为交替的第一偏振分量和第二偏振分量的时间序列。 第一偏振分量沿着第一光路传播，第二偏振分量沿着第二光路传输。 第一无气体光学滤波器组对第一极化分量进行滤波以隔离至少第一波长带，从而产生第一滤波辐射。 第二无气体光学滤波器组对第二极化分量进行滤波以隔离至少第二波长带，从而产生第二滤波辐射。 光束组合器组合第一和第二滤波辐射以形成组合的辐射束。 检测器被设置为在第一波长带和第二波长带上交替地监测组合光束的至少一部分的大小作为样品路径中物质浓度的指示。

公开(公告)号：US20050157293A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-21

申请号：US10503636

申请日：2003-01-28

Applicant: Stefan Florek ,  Helmut Becker-Ross ,  Uwe Heitmann

Inventor： Stefan Florek ,  Helmut Becker-Ross ,  Uwe Heitmann

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/14 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/14 ,  G01J3/1809 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J2003/1208 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: A spectrometer assembly (10) comprises a light source (11) with a continuous spectrum, a pre-monochromator (2) for generating a spectrum with a relatively small linear dispersion from which a spectral portion is selectable, the spectral bandwidth of such spectral portion being smaller than or equal to the bandwidth of the free spectral range of such order in the echelle spectrum wherein the centre wavelength of the selected spectral interval is measurable with maximum blaze efficiency, an echelle spectrometer (4) with means for wavelength calibration, an entrance slit (21) at the pre-monochromator (2), an intermediate slit assembly (50) with an intermediate slit (3) and a spatially resolving light detector (5) in the exit plane of the spectrometer for the detection of wavelength spectra. The assembly is characterised in that the width of the intermediate slit (3) is larger than the monochromatic image of the entrance slit generated by the pre-monochromator at the location of the intermediate slit, and means for calibrating the pre-monochromator are provided, which are adapted to calibrate the light of the light source with a continuous spectrum on the detector to a reference position.

Abstract translation: 光谱仪组件（10）包括具有连续光谱的光源（11），用于产生光谱部分可选择的相对小的线性色散的光谱的预单色器（2），该光谱部分的光谱带宽 小于或等于梯级光谱中这种顺序的自由光谱范围的带宽，其中所选择的光谱间隔的中心波长可以用最大的火焰效率测量，具有用于波长校准的装置的梯形光谱仪（4），入口 在预分光器（2）处的狭缝（21），具有用于检测波长光谱的光谱仪的出射平面中的中间狭缝（3）和空间分辨光检测器（5）的中间狭缝组件（50）。 组件的特征在于，中间狭缝（3）的宽度大于由中间狭缝位置处的预单色仪产生的入口狭缝的单色图像，并且提供用于校准预单色仪的装置， 其适合于用检测器上的连续光谱校准光源的光到参考位置。

公开(公告)号：US5526121A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-11

申请号：US5320

申请日：1993-01-15

Applicant: James R. Sandifer ,  David S. Uerz

Inventor： James R. Sandifer ,  David S. Uerz

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G02B26/04 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01J3/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/0235 ,  G01J3/0289 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G02B26/04 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01J2003/1213 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N2021/3133 ,  G01N2021/3159 ,  G01N2021/3174 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N2201/0826 ,  G01N2201/1283

Abstract: A variable filter spectrophotometer, for use with sample and reference; has a main member, a filter unit, a drive, a detector, a light distribution system, and a clamping circuit. The main member defines first and second beam paths, which are intersected by the filter unit. The filter unit has filtering and opaque portions. The filter unit is continuously movable relative to the beam paths in a repeating cycle from a first filtering relation in which the filtering portion is interposed in the first beam path and the opaque portion completely blocks the second beam path, to a first dark relation in which both beam paths are blocked, to a second filtering relation in which the filtering portion is interposed in the second beam path and the first beam path is completely blocked, and to a second dark relation in which both beam paths are completely blocked. The filtering portion is variably transmissive along a direction of movement of the filter unit. The drive continuously moves the filter unit relative to the beam paths. The detector produces a signal responsive to light received. The light distribution system directs light separately to and from the sample and reference, to and from the beam paths, and to the detector. The clamping circuit clamps the signal produced by the detector during the filtering relations to the signal produced by the detector during the dark relations.

Abstract translation: 可变过滤分光光度计，用于样品和参考; 具有主构件，过滤单元，驱动器，检测器，配光系统和钳位电路。 主要部件限定了由过滤器单元相交的第一和第二光束路径。 过滤器单元具有过滤和不透明部分。 过滤器单元可以从第一过滤关系的重复循环中相对于光束路径连续移动，其中过滤部分插入在第一光束路径中，而不透明部分完全阻挡第二光束路径到第一黑暗关系，其中 两个光束路径被阻挡到第二滤波关系，其中滤波部分插入在第二光束路径中并且第一光束路径被完全阻挡，并且到第二暗关系，其中两个光束路径被完全阻挡。 过滤部分沿着过滤器单元的移动方向是可变的。 驱动器相对于光束路径连续地移动滤光单元。 检测器产生响应于接收到的光的信号。 光分配系统将光分别引导到样品和从样品引导，参考和从光束路径引导到检测器。 钳位电路在滤波关系期间将由检测器产生的信号钳位在由暗检测器产生的信号中。

公开(公告)号：US5477321A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-19

申请号：US298613

申请日：1994-08-31

Applicant: Rick J. Johnson

Inventor： Rick J. Johnson

IPC: G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31

CPC classification number: G01J3/1256 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/42

Abstract: A dual beam tunable spectrometer comprises a radiation source, generating means, a detector, and a shutter arrangement. The radiation source generates an incident radiative beam. The generating means, which includes an acousto-optic tunable filter, receives the incident radiative beam and generates therefrom a reference beam and a sample beam. The detector detects at least part of the reference beam, and detects at least part of the sample beam emitted from a sample following illumination of the sample with the sample beam. The shutter arrangement includes a first shutter selectively permitting passage therethrough of the part of the reference beam and a second shutter selectively permitting passage therethrough of the part of the sample beam. The shutter arrangement opens the first shutter and closes the second shutter to permit the detector to detect only the part of the reference beam. Similarly, the shutter arrangement closes the first shutter and opens the second shutter to permit the detector to detect only the part of the sample beam.

Abstract translation: 双光束可调光谱仪包括辐射源，发生装置，检测器和快门装置。 辐射源产生入射辐射束。 包括声光可调谐滤波器的发生装置接收入射的辐射束并由其产生参考光束和样本光束。 检测器检测参考光束的至少一部分，并且在用样品光束照射样品之后检测从样品发射的样品光束的至少一部分。 快门装置包括：第一快门，其选择性地允许通过其中参考光束的部分;以及第二快门，其选择性地允许通过其中的部分样本光束。 快门装置打开第一快门并且关闭第二快门以允许检测器仅检测参考光束的一部分。 类似地，快门装置关闭第一快门并打开第二快门以允许检测器仅检测样本波束的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US5028800A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-02

申请号：US537964

申请日：1990-07-19

Applicant: Jurgen Wulf ,  Werner Lahmann

Inventor： Jurgen Wulf ,  Werner Lahmann

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G02B26/04

CPC classification number: G01J3/08 ,  G02B26/04 ,  G01J2003/106

Abstract: In a double-beam photometer comprising a light source providing a light beam, detector means, a sample area, optical means for guiding the light beam as a measuring light beam through the sample area onto the detector means, means for guiding the same light beam as a reference light beam onto the detector means while avoiding the sample area, and chopper means disposed in a splitting location for splitting the light beam into the measuring light beam, which are combined into one path of rays in a recombination location, after the measuring light beam has passed through the sample area, with the splitting location and the recombination location being spatially close to each other. The chopper means has a single chopper which simultaneously effects the splitting and the combination of the measuring and reference light beams.

Abstract translation: 在包括提供光束的光源的双光束光度计中，检测器装置，样本区域，用于将通过样本区域的测量光束的光束引导到检测器装置上的光学装置，用于引导相同光束 作为参考光束在检测器装置上同时避开样本区域;以及斩波装置，设置在分离位置，用于将光束分裂成测量光束，该测量光束在测量之后被组合成一条光线路径 光束已经通过样本区域，分割位置和复合位置在空间上彼此接近。 斩波器装置具有同时实现测量和参考光束的分离和组合的单个斩波器。

公开(公告)号：US4932779A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-12

申请号：US293621

申请日：1989-01-05

Applicant: Thomas J. Keane

Inventor： Thomas J. Keane

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/47

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01N2021/1748 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: In a color measuring instrument, an integrating sphere is used to illuminate the sample and fiber optics are used to carry light diffusely reflected from the sample and from an interior wall of the sphere to a spectrometer. The transmitting ends of the fiber optic bundles are fixed in the housing of the spectrometer as entrance slits for the spectrometer, which includes a fixed grating and one or two arrays of photodetectors to detect the spectra dispersed by the grating from light received from the two transmitting ends.

Abstract translation: 在色彩测量仪器中，采用积分球照射样品，光纤用于将从样品和球体内壁漫反射的光携带到光谱仪。 光纤束的发射端被固定在光谱仪的壳体中，作为光谱仪的入口狭缝，其包括固定光栅和一个或两个光电检测器阵列，以从由两个发射光接收的光中检测由光栅分散的光谱 结束。

公开(公告)号：US4545681A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-08

申请号：US465337

申请日：1983-02-09

Applicant: Shinichiro Watanabe

Inventor： Shinichiro Watanabe

IPC: G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: In a spectrophotometer of double beam type using automatic gain control, preparatory scanning is first carried out by scanning reference and sample cells with radiation of varying wavelengths both in an empty state, and controlling the gain of a photo detector at each wavelength such that a detector output responding to a sample cell transmitted beam may become constant while storing a detector output responding to a reference cell transmitted beam. Measurement of a sample material is then carried out at each wavelength by scanning the reference cell and the sample material-charged sample cell, reading out the reference output stored in the preparatory scanning stage as a reference voltage, and controlling the gain of the detector such that a detector output responding to a reference cell transmitted beam may be equal to the reference voltage.

Abstract translation: 在使用自动增益控制的双光束类型的分光光度计中，首先通过以空白状态扫描具有变化波长的辐射的参考和采样单元并且在每个波长处控制光电检测器的增益来执行预扫描，使得检测器 响应于采样小区发射波束的输出可以变得恒定，同时存储响应于参考小区发射波束的检测器输出。 然后通过扫描参考电池和样品充电样品池，读取存储在预备扫描阶段中的参考输出作为参考电压，并且将检测器的增益控制在每个波长上，从而测量样品材料 响应于参考小区发射波束的检测器输出可以等于参考电压。

公开(公告)号：US4453225A

公开(公告)日：1984-06-05

申请号：US241348

申请日：1981-03-06

Applicant: Michael A. Ford

Inventor： Michael A. Ford

IPC: G01D1/16 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G08C13/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: The accuracy of the ratio between two time-varying quantities represented by electrical signals, such as the sample transmission (or absorption) signal and the reference signal in a double-beam, ratio-recording, infrared spectrophotometer, is impaired if the electrical signals are subject to inconstant phase shifts. The present invention counteracts the effect of phase shift variations, whatever their origin, by alternately reversing the order in which an elemental component of one quantity is made to occur with respect to an elemental component of the other quantity so that the said effect reverses in sign when the order is reversed and substantially cancels out when the respective elemental portions are combined to form the numerator and the denominator of the ratio. The invention is particularly described with reference to a spectrophotometer of the type referred to.

Abstract translation: 如果电信号是电信号，则电子信号表示的两个时变量之间的比率的准确性（例如样品透射（或吸收）信号）和双光束比率记录红外分光光度计中的参考信号被削弱 受不了相变的影响。 本发明通过交替地反转相对于其他量的元素分量发生一个量的元素分量的顺序来抵消相移变化的影响，无论其起源如何，使得所述效应在符号中反转 当顺序颠倒时，当各个元素部分被组合以形成比例的分子和分母时基本上消除。 参考所述类型的分光光度计来具体描述本发明。

公开(公告)号：US4371785A

公开(公告)日：1983-02-01

申请号：US178190

申请日：1980-08-14

Applicant: Norman E. Pedersen

Inventor： Norman E. Pedersen

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/26

CPC classification number: G01N21/314

Abstract: A photometric detection method and apparatus employ a variable beam modulation device, such as a planar rotating disk whose reflectance and transmittance with respect an incident beam of electromagnetic radiation vary with disk angular position, to form, from an incident beam of radiation, two amplitude modulated correlated component beams. Preferably the amplitudes of the component beams vary sinusoidally, 180.degree. out of phase. In one embodiment, one of the component beams passes through a sample fluid, which absorbs a portion of the radiation at a wavelength characteristic of a selected component. The second component beam passes through a reference path and provides a reference relative to which changes in the sample fluid are measured. The component beams are combined and are directed onto a detector which produces an output proportional to the intensity of the combined beam. By properly selecting the parameters of the system, the AC component of the combined signal, if any, provides a measure of presence generally and if calibrated the relative density, of the selected sample fluid. In a second embodiment, a beam of polychromatic radiation passes through, and a portion thereof is absorbed by, the sample fluid before the beam impinges on a beam modulation device for forming the time-varying component beams. The thus formed component beams are filtered so that one component beam has energy substantially only at the sample fluid characteristic wavelength, and the other component beam has energy in energy bands which are unaffected by changes in the component of the sample fluid being measured. The component beams are combined and the AC component, if any, is detected and/or measured. In a third embodiment, a second movable element is supported in the path of the incident polychromatic radiation beam and serves as a variable, substantially monochromatic, filter for sequentially transmitting different energy bands to permit time sequential detection and/or analysis of a fluid medium at a plurality of wavelengths of interest.

公开(公告)号：US4283142A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-11

申请号：US108461

申请日：1979-12-31

Applicant: Hubert De Steur ,  Chris Vandenbossche ,  Guido Heyneman

Inventor： Hubert De Steur ,  Chris Vandenbossche ,  Guido Heyneman

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01J1/36 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J1/36

Abstract: A two beam alternating light colorimeter is disclosed wherein a light beam passing through a lens system having a shutter is periodically deflected by a pivoting mirror. In a first non-deflecting position of the pivotable mirror a first measuring beam is created which passes through a first measuring cell and is guided to a common photo cell. In a second deflecting position of the mirror a second measuring beam is created which is guided through a second measuring cell to the same photo cell. Signals from the photo cell are connected through a controlled switching element to an analog memory. A computing circuit is provided which connects to an output of the analog memory and also to the photo cell. The switching element connects the first measuring signal to the analog memory when the mirror is in a non-deflecting position and opens when the mirror is in a deflecting position. The computing circuit compares the signals corresponding to the first and second measuring beams.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种双光束交替光色度计，其中通过具有快门的透镜系统的光束由枢转反射镜周期性地偏转。 在可枢转镜的第一非偏转位置中，产生通过第一测量池并被引导到公共光电池的第一测量光束。 在反射镜的第二偏转位置中，产生第二测量光束，其被引导通过第二测量单元到相同的光电池。 来自光电池的信号通过受控的开关元件连接到模拟存储器。 提供了一种连接到模拟存储器的输出端以及光电池的计算电路。 当反射镜处于非偏转位置时，开关元件将第一测量信号连接到模拟存储器，并且当反射镜处于偏转位置时打开。 计算电路比较对应于第一和第二测量光束的信号。