Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method etc. for increasing speed of release or dissolution/diffusion of an accumulated gas in imprint lithography.SOLUTION: An imprint template 16 comprises a substantially non-porous solid layer 20 of solid quartz, and a porous solid medium layer 21 in the form of a nanoporous silica layer. Thereby, a void space is provided by the solid porous medium layer, and an accumulated gas flows or diffuses into the void space in the porous layer.
Abstract:
A method of lithography on a substrate uses a self-assembled polymer (SAP) layer deposited on the substrate, with first and second domains arranged in a pattern across the layer. A planarization layer is formed over the SAP and a development etch applied to substantially remove a portion of the planarization layer over the second domain leaving a cap of the planarization layer substantially covering the first domain. The uncapped second domain is then removed from the surface by a breakthrough etch leaving the capped first domain as a pattern feature on the surface. A transfer etch may then be used to transfer the pattern feature to the substrate using the capped first domain. The capping allows the second domain to be removed, e.g., without excessive loss of lateral feature width for the remaining first domain, even when the difference in etch resistance between the first and second domains is small.
Abstract:
A method of forming a patterned chemical epitaxy template, for orientation of a self-assemblable block copolymer comprising first and second polymer blocks, on a surface of a substrate, the method including applying a primer layer of a primer composition to the surface, the primer composition comprising a first polymer moiety having a chemical affinity with the first polymer blocks and a second polymer moiety having a chemical affinity with the second polymer blocks, selectively exposing the surface, the primer layer and any overlying layer to actinic radiation to provide exposed and unexposed regions, to render labile the first polymer moiety in the exposed region, and removing the labile first polymer moiety from the exposed region to deplete the primer layer surface in the exposed region of first polymer moiety to form the patterned chemical epitaxy template.
Abstract:
A BCP having first block of first monomer and second block of second monomer, adapted to undergo a transition from disordered state to ordered state at a temperature less than T0D, further including a bridging moiety having a functional group to provide hydrogen bonding between bridging moieties of adjacent first and second BCP molecules when in the ordered state and at a temperature in excess of a glass transition temperature Tg for the BCP. Composition including BCP comprising first block of first monomer and second block of second monomer, and a crosslinking compound having first and second terminal groups joined by a central moiety and arranged to crosslink second blocks of adjacent first and second BCP molecules by providing non-covalent bonding between the terminal groups and a functional group of the second monomer of the second blocks when the BCP is in the ordered state.
Abstract:
In an embodiment, a lithographic apparatus is disclosed that includes a modulator configured to expose an exposure area of the substrate to a plurality of beams modulated according to a desired pattern and a projection system configured to project the modulated beams onto the substrate. The modulator includes a deflector to displace the plurality of beams with respect to an exposure area.
Abstract:
A method of determining a position of an imprint template in an imprint lithography apparatus is disclosed. In an embodiment, the method includes illuminating an area of the imprint template in which an alignment mark is expected to be found by scanning an alignment radiation beam over that area, detecting an intensity of radiation reflected or transmitted from the area, and identifying the alignment mark via analysis of the detected intensity.
Abstract:
A method of imprint lithography involves the use of a void space in the substrate or imprint template. A gas pocket trapped between an imprint template and an imprintable, flowable medium on the substrate may lead to an irregularity once the imprintable medium has set. A void space allows the gas pocket to dissipate by flow or diffusion of gas into the void space, typically prior to setting the imprintable medium. A layer of solid porous medium as part of the imprint template, for instance as a layer forming or neighbouring the patterning surface of the template, may provide the void space. The void space of the porous layer acts as a void space into which the trapped gas can flow or diffuse. The substrate to be patterned may include a porous layer for the same purpose. A suitable solid porous medium includes a nanoporous silica.
Abstract:
A method of lithography on a substrate uses a self-assembled polymer (SAP) layer deposited on the substrate, with first and second domains arranged in a pattern across the layer. A planarization layer is formed over the SAP and a development etch applied to substantially remove a portion of the planarization layer over the second domain leaving a cap of the planarization layer substantially covering the first domain. The uncapped second domain is then removed from the surface by a breakthrough etch leaving the capped first domain as a pattern feature on the surface. A transfer etch may then be used to transfer the pattern feature to the substrate using the capped first domain. The capping allows the second domain to be removed, e.g., without excessive loss of lateral feature width for the remaining first domain, even when the difference in etch resistance between the first and second domains is small.