US08837574B2
An identification method for a data Sk is disclosed which includes; a) construction of a chronological sequence {T1; . . . ; Ti; . . . ; TN} of times of arrival Ti of pulses or a block of successive pulses, b) calculation of a value of similarity between this sequence {T1; . . . ; Ti; . . . ; TN} and a predetermined chronological sequence {TREFk1; . . . ; TREFkj; . . . ; TREFkM} of times of arrival coding the data Sk for several time offsets Ol between the sequence {T1; . . . ; Ti; . . . ; TN} and the sequence {TREFk1; . . . ; TREFkj; . . . ; TREFkM}, c) identification of the data Sk in the series {T1; . . . ; Ti; . . . ; TN} if the calculated value of similarity for one of the time offsets Ol exceeds a predetermined threshold.
US08837572B2
A receiver and a method for equalizing signals, the method includes: receiving input signals; sampling the input signals to provide oversampled samples; processing the oversampled samples to provide symbol spaced samples and to provide fractionally spaced samples that represent the oversampled samples; calculating taps of a fractionally spaced equalizer based on the symbol spaced samples; feeding the taps to the fractionally spaced equalizer; and filtering the fractionally spaced samples by the fractionally spaced equalizer to provide equalized samples.
US08837571B1
One embodiment relates to a receiver with both decision feedback equalization and on-die instrumentation. A clock data recovery loop obtains a recovered clock signal from an input signal, and a first sampler, which is triggered by the recovered clock signal, generates a recovered data signal from the input signal. A phase interpolator receives the recovered clock signal and generates a phase-interpolated clock signal. A second sampler is triggered by the recovered clock signal in a decision feedback equalization mode and by the phase-interpolated clock signal in an on-die instrumentation mode. Other embodiments and features are also disclosed.
US08837567B2
Systems and methods are provided, for estimating a channel based on previous channel estimations from the same source. Embodiments disclosed herein enable removal of the timing variation (from burst to burst) so that the channel can be more accurately estimated. Embodiments provide several systems and methods for averaging channel estimation information from each of the bursts. The systems and methods disclosed herein advantageously improve channel estimation accuracy and reduce modulation error.
US08837558B1
Systems, devices, and methods to improve signal detection of a receiver in communication systems, including receiving a signal having one or more distorted versions of a predetermined waveform as well as processing the received signal with a plurality of eigenfilters generated from eigenvectors of a covariance matrix of the predetermined waveform. Further a correlation output is generated by further processing the received signal with at least one matched filter formed from an eigenfiltered version of the predetermined waveform and identifying at least one peak in the correlator output. The peak may be used to improve performance of the receiver.
US08837553B2
Provided are an apparatus for addition data transmission includes: an IF broadcasting signal generating unit receiving the broadcast data, and FEC and modulation of the received broadcast data to generate a broadcasting signal in an intermediate frequency (IF) band; an IF addition signal generating unit receiving the addition data to generate an addition signal in the IF band by using direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS); an average power controlling unit controlling average power of the addition signal in the IF band; a signal combining unit combining the broadcasting signal in the IF band and the addition signal in the IF band to generate a combination signal; an RF upward converting unit upwardly converting the combination signal in a signal in a radio frequency (RF) band to a combination signal in the RF band; and a transmitting unit transmitting the combination signal in the RF band.
US08837547B2
A method for preparing a VCSEL can use MBE for: growing a first conduction region over a first mirror region; growing an active region over the first conduction region opposite of the first mirror region, including: (a) growing a quantum well barrier having In1-xGaxP(As); (b) growing an transitional layer having one or more of GaP, GaAsP, or GaAs; (c) growing a quantum well layer having In1-zGazAsyP1-y; (d) growing another transitional layer have one or more of GaP, GaAsP, or GaAs; (e) repeating processes (a) through (d) over a plurality of cycles; and (f) growing a quantum well barrier having In1-xGaxP(As); growing a second conduction region over the active region opposite of the first conduction region, wherein: x ranges from 0.77 to 0.50; y ranges from 0.7 to 1; and z ranges from 0.7 to 0.99.
US08837541B2
In one embodiment, the instant invention is an optical structure that includes: an optical active medium of a solid state laser, where the optical active medium has a first coefficient of thermal expansion; and a protective structure that is directly cladded a portion of the optical active medium, where the protective structure has a second coefficient of thermal expansion which matches the first coefficient of thermal expansion of the optical active medium, and where the protective structure is transparent to a wavelength that is within an absorption band of the optical active medium so that the optical structure has: the optical active medium that is protected from a physical damage, and the optical active medium that is capable of generating a laser beam having a first energy that is larger than a second energy generated by a control optical structure having the optical active medium without the protective structure.
US08837524B2
A system including a physical layer module and a processing module. The physical layer module is configured to communicate at a first data rate via a channel, where the channel includes (i) a first sub-channel and (ii) a second sub-channel of the channel, to receive a first packet including a first preamble transmitted at the first data rate via (i) the first sub-channel and (ii) the second sub-channel, and to receive a second packet including a second preamble transmitted at a second data rate via (i) the first sub-channel or (ii) the second sub-channel, where the second data rate is less than the first data rate. The processing module is configured to process (i) the first preamble transmitted at the first data rate and (ii) at least a portion of the second preamble transmitted at the second data rate.
US08837522B2
Methods and apparatuses are provided for transmitting and receiving a MAC PDU. The MAC PDU including a MAC header, an extended header group and a payload is generated. The MAC PDU is transmitted to a receiving device. The extended header group includes a first field that indicates whether at least one extended header is included in the extended header group, and a second field that indicates a length of the extended header group.
US08837514B2
A broadband multi-drop local network, interface and method for multimedia access. A local network architecture include a wired bus coupleable directly to an external data network terminal and configured for carrying broadband packetized data traffic over a frequency spectrum uninterrupted by other defined data channels or services; and one or a plurality of network transceivers operable individually for coupling an addressable network device processing a defined class of information to the bus wherein each network appliance is configured for and further operable for providing communication interfacing of the class of information of each addressable network appliance with the packetized IP data traffic on the wired bus.
US08837509B2
Techniques in a mobile communication device for communicating with a wireless access point (AP) are described. The mobile device receives from the AP data which indicate a plurality of activated service intervals in the superframe that are made available to mobile devices for communication access. The mobile device attempts to access, during the indicated activated service intervals, a radio medium via the AP. The mobile device refrains from attempting to access the radio medium via the AP during each power conservation interval provided in between the indicated activated service intervals.
US08837500B2
Systems and methods are disclosed for directing/redirecting service data flows to Packet Data Networks (PDN). A subscriber database (e.g., HSS) stores direction/redirection criteria along with mapping data that includes information for directing/redirecting service data flows to PDNs. An element of a network may then query the subscriber database to direct or redirect service data flows to PDNs. The subscriber database receives a query from a network element, and identifies the direction/redirection criteria and mapping data for the data service. The subscriber database then transmits the direction/redirection criteria and mapping data to the network element in response to the query to allow the network element to direct/redirect a service data flow to a PDN for the data service.
US08837493B2
Some embodiments provide a distributed control system for controlling managed switching elements of a network. The distributed control system comprises a first controller for converting a first set of input logical control plane data to a first set of output logical forwarding plane data. It also includes a second controller for converting a second set of input logical control plane data to a second set of output logical forwarding plane data. The logical forwarding plane data is translated into physical forwarding behaviors that direct the forwarding of data by the managed switching elements.
US08837483B2
Various exemplary embodiments relate to a method and related network node including one or more of the following: identifying, at the network node, a packet associated with a first address; determining, at the network node, that an alternate address mapping is unknown to the network node for the first address; generating a request message based on at least a portion of the packet; transmitting the request message to a different node; receiving a response message, the response message including a second address, wherein the second address is an alternative address for the first address; and storing the first address and the second address together as an alternate address mapping.
US08837474B2
Apparatus and methods for efficient NAT and ALG processing is disclosed. An exemplary method includes the operations of deep scanning a packet received over a connection to determine an application level gateway (ALG) process to be performed on the packet, associating the connection with the ALG process, and forwarding additional packets received over the connection to receive the ALG process based on said associating so that deep scanning of the additional packets is bypassed. An exemplary apparatus includes a processor to deep scan a packet received over a connection to determine an ALG process to be performed on the packet, a database to associate the connection with the ALG process, and a packet transmitter to forward additional packets received over the connection to receive the ALG process based on said associating so that deep scanning of the additional packets is bypassed.
US08837467B2
A serializer and deserializer utilize upsampling and downsampling to operate over a broad range of frequencies. The serializer includes a bit repeater and a high-speed serializer. The bit repeater receives data to be serialized, upsamples the received data, and supplies the upsampled data to the high-speed serializer. The deserializer includes a high-speed deserializer and a downsampler. The high-speed deserializer supplies parallelized data to the downsampler. The downsampler decimates the parallelized data and supplies the decimated data to an output of the deserializer.
US08837464B2
Systems and techniques are disclosed relating to wireless communications. The systems and techniques involve wireless communications wherein a packet data session may be established between a wireless communications device and a packet data serving node to support a network connection to a packet-switched network. The wireless communications device may be configured to receive a notification of an incoming call from a circuit-switched network even when the network connection is active.
US08837450B2
Methods and apparatus are described for a User Equipment (UE) to transmit acknowledgement information together with data information in a Physical Uplink Shared CHannel (PUSCH) or separate from data information in a Physical Uplink Control CHannel (PUCCH). The HARQ-ACK payload for transmission in a PUSCH and the HARQ-ACK signal transmission power for transmission in a PUCCH are derived based on the existence and design of a Downlink Assignment Index (DAI) Information Element (IE) in the Downlink Control Information (DCI) formats scheduling receptions of data Transport Blocks (TBs) by the UE.
US08837449B2
A universal integrated circuit card (UICC) may include a universal subscriber identity module (USIM); a code division multiple access (CDMA) subscriber identity module (CSIM); a memory to store instructions; and a processor. The processor may execute instructions to determine a type of wireless access network available to a user equipment (UE) associated with the UICC; perform updates of the UICC using the USIM, in response to detecting a CDMA enhanced High Rate Packet Data (eHRPD) network, a Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) access network, or a Long Term Evolution (LTE) access network; and perform updates of the UICC using the CSIM, in response to detecting an available CDMA access network other than a CDMA eHRPD access network.
US08837443B2
In a method for controlling network congestion, a parameter to bar access from specific user equipment is adjusted. The adjusted parameter in a specific system information block which is different from a System Information Block Type2 is transmitted. The method may be performed by a base station.
US08837440B2
The present invention relates to a method for configuring a retransmission protocol on the uplink between a network node and a relay node in a mobile communication system, the configuration being performed at a network node or at a relay node, and to the corresponding relay node apparatus and network node apparatus capable of configuring the retransmission protocol. In particular, the number of transmission processes is determined based on the position of time intervals available for the transmission and may be selected in order to control the round trip time of the retransmission protocol. Once the number of transmission processes has been configured, the transmission processes are mapped on the available time intervals in a predefined order and repetitively.
US08837439B2
A wireless communication system is disclosed herein. More specifically, a method of transmitting control information from a user equipment in a wireless communication system is disclosed, wherein the method includes receiving a first transmission timing information for transmitting a first control information associated with one or more first downlink component carriers from a base station; determining a second transmission timing information for transmitting a second control information associated with one or more second downlink component carrier by using the first transmission timing information and an additional transmission timing information; and transmitting control information on the one or more second downlink component carriers in dependence upon the second transmission timing information to the base station.
US08837434B2
A method for transmitting a short signaling in a Media Access Control-e Packet Data Unit (MAC-e PDU) includes sending control information bits incorporated with padding bits of the MAC-e PDU considering the padding bits from a User Equipment (UE) to a Node B, and sending a scheduling signaling from a service Node B to the UE according to the control information bits. Scheduling request information is transmitted with the existing padding bits. If every Transmission Time Interval (TTI) has padding bits, the UE may send the scheduling request signaling to Node B in every TTI. Therefore, the reference is provided for the Node B, and no extra load is caused to the system.
US08837426B2
A method of handling cell selection for a mobile device in a wireless communication system is disclosed. The method includes when the mobile device has a radio resource control (RRC) connection with a cell and receives access barring information corresponding to a barred state of another cell, ignoring the access barring information.
US08837425B2
A wireless communication system allowing transmission of identifiers of network stations, the system including: a first network station, such as a femto cell basestation, with an identifier and a first transmission coverage area; a second network station, such as a macro cell basestation, with an identifier and a second transmission coverage area, which is larger than and overlaps with the first transmission coverage area; and storage means storing a unit of time defined in the system, along with a first ID window defined within the unit of time allocated to the first network station for transmission of its own identifier and a subsequent second ID window defined within the unit of time allocated for transmission of the second network station identifier.
US08837412B2
Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method and an apparatus for allocating an edge frequency band resource, and a base station. The method may include obtaining, through message interaction, usage information about an edge frequency band resource block of an adjacent mode; according to the usage information about the edge frequency band resource block of the adjacent mode and a characteristic resource block, determining an available edge frequency band resource block that is of the current mode and in a next adjustment period; and in the next adjustment period, allocating a determined available edge frequency band resource block of the current mode to each cell that is corresponding to the current mode.
US08837411B2
The present invention relates to a method and arrangement in base station for scheduling user equipments. The base station is adapted to schedule communication from user equipments by sending contention based grants comprising information indicating if the contention based grant should be used for initial transmission or for retransmission. If it is detected that data is not correctly received due to a collision, the information in a following contention based grant is set to indicate that said contention based grant is to be used for initial transmission, while if data is not correctly received, but no collision is detected, the information is set to indicate that the contention based grant is to be used for retransmission. Corresponding method and arrangement in a user equipment is described.
US08837403B2
Methods and arrangements in a base station are provided for scheduling radio resources to a user equipment. A time offset value is received that is associated with the moment of time when a frame of data was generated in the user equipment buffer. The moment of time when the frame of data was generated in the user equipment buffer is determined, based on the received time offset value. Thus, the buffer state of the user equipment buffer is predicted by using the determined moment of time when the frame of data was generated in the user equipment buffer. Radio resources are granted to the user equipment, based on the predicted buffer state of the user equipment buffer. Methods and arrangements in a user equipment for assisting the base station in scheduling radio resources are also provided herein.
US08837396B2
Methods and apparatus are disclosed for receiving user data in a wireless communication system (300) that employs coordinated multi-point transmission of the user data from a first cell serving a wireless terminal (635) and a second cell site neighboring the first cell site. In an exemplary system, the first cell site maps control signals (110, 230, 240) and user data to a time-frequency resources (220) according to a first mapping pattern, while the second cell site maps control data (110, 230, 240) and traffic data to the time-frequency resources (220) according to a second mapping pattern. An exemplary method comprises extracting (520) user data, according to the first mapping pattern, from time-frequency resources (220) of a first transmission for the wireless terminal (635) transmitted from the first cell site; detecting (540) a control element transmitted by one of the first and second cell sites, the control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources (220) according to the second mapping pattern; and, responsive to said detecting, extracting (550) user data according to the second mapping pattern from time-frequency resources (220) of a second transmission for the wireless terminal (635) transmitted from the second cell site.
US08837394B2
Sounding mechanism for LTE-A systems under carrier aggregation is provided. A UE receives an uplink or downlink grant transmitted from an eNB over a primary carrier in a multi-carrier LTE-A system. The UE determines indicated carrier(s) and detects a triggering condition for aperiodic sounding transmission in the grant. The UE then selects UE-specific sounding reference signal (SRS) parameters. Finally, the UE transmits an aperiodic SRS (ap-SRS) over the indicated carrier(s) using the selected UE-specific SRS parameters. In one embodiment, the uplink or downlink grant is transmitted via a PDCCH carrying various DCI formats. Each DCI format contains a carrier indicator field (CIF) that indicates which carrier is used for ap-SRS transmission if cross-carrier scheduling is enabled. In another embodiment, DCI format 3/3A is transmitted via a PDCCH carrying a plurality of information fields, each field indicates if the UE should enable ap-SRS in a particular carrier.
US08837393B2
The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for transmitting data in a radio communication system. The method for transmitting data in a radio communication system in which a radio resource for data transmission includes a plurality of data symbols in a time domain, wherein the method comprises the steps of transmitting first data using a space-time block coding (STBC) scheme via a portion of the data symbols from among the plurality of data symbols; and transmitting second data using a cyclic delay diversity (CDD) scheme via the residual data symbols excluding the portion of data symbols.
US08837391B2
A method of requesting a radio resource in a wireless communication system is provided. The method comprises setting a timer's expiry time, transmitting a radio resource request message to a base station, starting the timer and retransmitting the radio resource request message to the base station if a radio resource allocation message is not received until the timer expires, wherein the expiry time may be set variably based on a communication state.
US08837385B2
A method for transmitting and receiving an ACKnowledgment (ACK) in a wireless communication system is disclosed. The method includes transmitting a bandwidth request indicator to a Base Station (BS), and receiving an ACK for the transmitted bandwidth request indicator from the BS, the ACK including a resource start offset field. The resource start offset field indicates an index of a starting resource unit of resources allocated by the ACK.
US08837379B2
The downlink control channels in a control region of each downlink subframe in a telecommunication system are divided into at least one common subset of the downlink control channels and a plurality of group subsets of the downlink control channels, such that the common subset or each common subset will be decoded by every user equipment, and each group subset will be decoded only by a limited group of user equipments. Resource assignment messages for a user equipment can then be transmitted on a downlink control channel of the relevant group subset, to avoid the need for messages to be decoded by a large number of UEs that will not act on them, while broadcast messages can be transmitted on a downlink control channel of the relevant common subset, to avoid the need for messages to be transmitted many times.
US08837374B2
Mobile network services are performed at the edge of a mobile data network in a way that is transparent to most of the existing equipment in the mobile data network. The mobile data network includes a radio access network and a core network. A service mechanism in the radio access network breaks out data coming from a basestation, and performs one or more mobile network services at the edge of the mobile data network based on the broken out data. A subscriber database is dynamically built to support authorization, authentication and accounting for the services performed at the edge of the mobile data network for the broken out data. The core network thus has a subscriber database that is used for non-broken out data, while a separate subscriber database that is not in the core network is used for broken out data.
US08837371B2
A demodulation reference signal port mapping method is disclosed. The method includes: a base station communicates with a User Equipment (UE), and allocates corresponding data stream to the UE according to the attribution of the UE; the base station maps the corresponding data stream from a layer to a corresponding demodulation reference signal port; the base station transmits the corresponding data stream to the UE via demodulation reference signal port. By restricting the demodulation reference signal port mapping solution of rank=1 to rank=8 and the demodulation reference signal port mapping solution when the retransmission occurs, the technical solution enables the demodulation reference signal port mapping solution to be compatible with the present system and to keep lower overhead of the demodulation reference signal.
US08837361B2
A system and method for allowing a computing device to associate wirelessly with one or more access points that are connected to a cable TV network when such device is in a range of such access point, even though such wireless device would not generally be authorized to receive content or data from the access point. Signals to and from the wireless device are carried over the cable TV network and transmitted to other devices associated with other access points attached to the cable TV network.
US08837360B1
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to determining the geographic location of network entities. An embodiment is a method of determining the geographic location of a host including, identifying at least one gateway communicatively coupled to the host, determining a geographic location of the at least one gateway based upon a proximity relationship between the gateway and a localizable entity, and determining the geographic location of the host based upon the determined geographic location of the at least one gateway. Another embodiment is a method for a host to determine its geographic location by determining reachability information to communicatively coupled network entities, sending the reachability information to a location server, and by receiving geographic location information from the location server.
US08837348B2
A relay transmission method, cell base station and relay station, for improving the average spectrum efficiency and throughput of a cell, are provided by the present invention. Said relay transmission method includes that when data transmission is performed between Access Points APs and each user, AP identification set groups which consist of the AP identification sets without intersection, are determined from the AP identification sets corresponding to the users, wherein the AP identification set comprises AP identifications of the APs which can provide services for the user; according to the determined AP identification set groups, same resources are allocated to the users corresponding to the AP identification sets in the same AP identification set group, and different resources are allocated to the users corresponding to the AP identification sets in the different AP identification set groups; and each AP in the AP identification set corresponding to each user is informed to provide services for the user by using the resources allocated to the user.
US08837346B2
Embodiments of this invention include a network communications stack for a system for communicating data over a network. A media access control (MAC) layer running on a radio processor of the communications stack at least partially processes messages received from a network, i.e., before the message is passed to a host processor. Specifically, the MAC layer includes software configured to analyze a destination address contained in the message, and determine whether the destination address contained in the message matches a destination address programmed in the MAC layer.
US08837341B2
The invention provides an operating method of low-power-consumption wireless sensor network system, which comprises a plurality of nodes. Wherein, the nodes can be enforced to enter a sleep state at a preset times and enter an awake state by a first light.
US08837340B2
The present specification relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, discloses a method and system for discontinuous reception for data transmission/reception in a wireless communication system. The present specification discloses a scheme in which a terminal checks a parameter for controlling the discontinuous reception (DRX) of a second component carrier, said parameter being different from the parameter for controlling the discontinuous reception (DRX) of a first component carrier used by a base station, and receives data through the discontinuous reception of the first component carrier and of the second component carrier.
US08837338B2
A telecommunication wireless site control system comprising a central control board configured to receive control signals disposed at a wireless site. The central control board may be communicatively coupled with current monitor and control boards, extension boards, and a local switch to control telecommunication equipment, power devices, and controllers.
US08837333B2
The present invention relates to a satellite communication system for extending communications between a vehicle and a satellite in an area of non-visibility of the satellite. The satellite communication system comprises a fixed transceiver system and a mobile transceiver system. The fixed transceiver system includes a first antenna intended to be positioned outside the area of non-visibility of the satellite, and at least one second antenna coupled with the first antenna and intended to be positioned in the area of non-visibility of the satellite. The fixed transceiver system is configured to receive through the first antenna downlink signals transmitted by the satellite on at least one downlink carrier frequency and to transmit the received downlink signals on the at least one downlink carrier frequency in the area of non-visibility of the satellite through the at least one second antenna. The mobile transceiver system is intended to be installed on the vehicle, includes a third antenna and a fourth antenna, and is configured to receive through the third antenna the downlink signals transmitted by the fixed transceiver system on the at least one downlink carrier frequency, to receive through the fourth antenna the downlink signals transmitted by the satellite on the at least one downlink carrier frequency, to determine whether the vehicle is in the area of non-visibility of the satellite or in an area of visibility of the satellite, and to transmit uplink signals on at least one uplink carrier frequency through the third antenna if the vehicle is in the area of non-visibility of the satellite or through the fourth antenna if the vehicle is in an area of visibility of the satellite. The fixed transceiver system is further configured to receive through the at least one second antenna the uplink signals transmitted by the mobile transceiver system on the at least one uplink carrier frequency and to transmit the received uplink signals to the satellite on the at least one uplink carrier frequency through the first antenna.
US08837317B1
A method and system is disclosed for maintaining codec consistency across a communication session. When a communication session is set up for an access terminal (AT) operating in a wireless communication system, a network device, such a base station, can determine a coding rate to assign the AT for its air interface in a manner that accounts for network capacity variations across the session. If the AT is predicted to handoff to multiple sectors during the session, then a coding rate that best accommodates the air interfaces of all the predicted handoff sectors, but that does not result in consistently low coding rates for the AT, may be used.
US08837315B2
Systems and methods are disclosed to implement smart zoning using device alias database that preserves TCAM space. Embodiments may consider device types to save an administrator's efforts from splitting application specific zones into two-member (initiator and target) zones.
US08837306B2
Telecommunications system including a network selection manager and a mobile node. The network selection manager is operable to determine a list of preferred mobile access networks to which the mobile node may be attached during an inactive state and to communicate the list of preferred mobile access networks to the mobile node. The list of preferred mobile access networks for selection is determined in accordance with operator determined conditions (e.g. load, congestion in the access networks, subscription info, location of the mobile, changes in the list since last communication to the Mobile Station, etc.). The mobile node is operable in the inactive state to select one of the plurality of mobile access networks which is available for attachment in dependence on the list of preferred mobile access networks communicated to the mobile node from the network selection manager.
US08837303B2
A relay node is described herein, the relay node comprising a network connectivity device configured to receive a plurality of medium access control layer (MAC) packet data units (PDUs) from a plurality of user agents; a processor configured to multiplex the plurality of MAC PDUs to form a Super-MAC PDU; and wherein the network connectivity device is further configured to transmit the Super-MAC PDU to an access node.
US08837299B2
A system and method for providing Connectivity Fault Management, CFM, in a Provider Backbone Bridge Traffic Engineering, PBB-TE, telecommunication network utilizing Ethernet-based packet transport. PBB-TE point-to-point and point-to-multipoint services are identified, and PBB-TE maintenance points (31, 41) associated with the identified PBB-TE services are addressed. The addressed PBB-TE maintenance points are modified by adding a PBB-TE Service Demultiplexer (32, 42) to each PBB-TE maintenance point for identifying independent PBB-TE service instances. Basic CFM protocols are enhanced to duplicate the behavior of CFM protocols on virtual local area network, VLAN, based maintenance associations. The PBB-TE maintenance points may be Maintenance association End Points, MEPs, and Maintenance association Intermediate Points, MIPs.
US08837277B2
In one embodiment, a source routing device (e.g., root device) pre-computes diverse source-routed paths to one or more nodes in a computer network. Upon receiving a particular packet, the device forwards the particular packet on a source-routed first path of the pre-computed diverse paths. In the event the device implicitly detects failure of the first path, then it forwards a copy of the particular packet on a source-routed second path of the pre-computed diverse paths in response. In one embodiment, implicit failure detection comprises seeing a second (repeated) packet with the same identification within a certain time since the first packet, and the second packet is forwarded on the second path. In another embodiment, implicit failure detection comprises not seeing a link-layer acknowledgment returned or receiving an error notification from a node along the broken path, and a stored copy of the particular packet is forwarded on the second path.
US08837271B1
A downlink resource block in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system can be shared among multiple wireless communication devices (WCDs) by assigning one or more orthogonal codes to each WCD. To transmit data to the WCDs using the downlink resource block, a base station may receive a data stream that includes respective data for each of the WCDs and encode each WCD's respective data with a respective orthogonal code assigned to that WCD to generate an encoded data stream. An OFDM transmitter in the base station may receive the encoded data stream and transmit the encoded data in the form of OFDM symbols in the downlink resource block. A WCD can receive the downlink resource block, recover the encoded data from the OFDM symbols, and use the one or more orthogonal codes assigned to it to recover the data for that WCD from the encoded data.
US08837269B2
A process for cancelling inter-cell interference between neighboring cells in a synchronized OFDM communication system allowing communication between one User Equipment (UE) fitted with at least two antennas and one serving base station is provided. The process allows multi-antenna mobile receiver in a UE to receive downlink information from a base station that includes both information relating to proper communication with the base station and additional information that was received by the base station from a neighboring base station that provides interference data about another UE. The multi-antenna UE is adapted to use the downlink information in its receiver circuitry to cancel the interference from the other UE.
US08837262B2
A control circuit for an optical disk drive includes a microphone, an analog-to-digital (A/D conversion) module, a control module, and a processing module configured to compare a digital representation of a spoken command from a user against the operation representation of the control module. If the processing module determines that a spoken command in the analog form, is equal to the digital signal, the control module acts on the command and controls the optical disk drive to change its status.
US08837261B1
Approaches to an electrical contact to electrically connect a laser module and a suspension that houses a head slider, in the context of a hard disk drive, involves a laser sub-mount electrical contact that includes a metal barrier layer underneath an electrode layer, where the barrier layer material has a lower heat transfer coefficient than the sub-mount material. Consequently, during the soldering process the diffusion of heat to the sub-mount is inhibited and the wettability of the solder is improved.
US08837260B2
The invention relates to a mechanism (5) comprising a measuring system (11, 13) mechanically connected to a display system (9) for displaying a time-related or other piece of information (2, 14). According to the invention, the display system (9) includes a quick correction device (10, 12) with an epicycloidal gear train for correcting said display of time-related or other information (2, 14) at any time while maintaining the relationship between the display system (9) and the measuring system (11, 13) during the correction phase.The invention particularly concerns the field of timepieces.
US08837256B2
A technique includes acquiring data, which is indicative of operations that are being conducted in connection with a subterranean survey. The technique includes communicating the data in real time over a long range communication network to allow at least one remote user to remotely observe the operations.
US08837254B2
A data output circuit includes an output control signal generation unit configured to generate output control signals in response to an output enable bar signal and a delay locked clock signal and a register configured to output stored data in response to the output control signals.
US08837245B2
A current-limiting device may be configured to be placed along a power-supply bus to limit current through a first complimentary-metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuit coupled to the power-supply bus so that current does not exceed a trigger current level of a pnpn diode in a second CMOS circuit coupled to the power bus.
US08837241B2
Disclosed is a semiconductor memory device that includes a late write register for temporarily storing a late write address and late write data. When a write command is input, the semiconductor memory device performs a dummy read, creates a data set having a predetermined bit width from data read by the dummy read and write data, and generates a correction bit from the data set. In parallel with the generation of the data set and the generation of the correction bit, the semiconductor memory device not only performs a late write to write the late write data at the late write address in the memory core, but also stores a write address in the late write register as a new late write address and stores the data set and the correction bit in the late write register as new late write data.
US08837240B2
A memory cell array of a first semiconductor chip includes a normal cell array and a spare cell array. A first defect address data storage circuit outputs first defect address data indicating an address of a defective memory cell in the memory cell array. A first comparison circuit compares address data with the first defect address data and outputs a first match signal in case of matching. A second defect address data storage circuit outputs second defect address data indicating an address of a defective memory cell in the memory cell array. A second comparison circuit compares the address data with the second defect address data and outputs a second match signal in case of matching.
US08837239B2
A latency control circuit includes a clock delay configured to output a plurality of serial delay signals obtained by serially delaying an input clock signal with the same intervals, a deviation information generating unit configured to generate a deviation information on the basis of a delay value, which the clock signal undergoes in a chip, and latency information, a clock selector configured to output a plurality of clock selection signals based on the plurality of serial delay signals and the deviation information, a command signal processing unit configured to generate a read signal based on an input command signal, and output a variable delay duplication signal by variably delaying the read signal, and a latency shifter configured to output a latency signal by combining the plurality of clock selection signals with the variable delay duplication signal.
US08837238B2
A semiconductor device which can reduce the peak value of the rush current generated during a transition from resume mode to normal mode. The semiconductor device has a plurality of daisy-chained memory modules. Each of the memory modules includes a memory array, a switch for controlling, in resume mode, source voltage supply to a constituent element of the memory module, and a delay circuit which receives a resume control signal ordering a transition from resume mode to normal mode and outputs a resume control signal delayed from the inputted resume control signal to the memory module of the next stage.
US08837237B2
A dual function memory device architecture compatible with asynchronous operation and synchronous serial operation. The dual function memory device architecture includes one set of physical ports having two different functional assignments. Coupled between the physical ports and core circuits of the memory device are asynchronous and synchronous input and output signal paths or circuits. The signal paths include shared or dedicated buffers coupled to the ports, asynchronous and synchronous command decoders, a network of switches, and a mode detector. The mode detector determines the operating mode of the dual function memory device from a port, and provides the appropriate switch selection signal. The network of switches routes the input or output signals through the asynchronous or synchronous circuits in response to the switch selection signal. The appropriate command decoder interprets the input signals and provides common control logic with the necessary signals for initiating the corresponding operation.
US08837236B2
A composite, hybrid memory device including a first storage die having an array of volatile storage cells and a second storage die having an array of non-volatile storage cells disposed within an integrated circuit package. The hybrid memory device includes a shared interface circuit to receive memory access commands directed to the first storage die and the second storage die and to convey read and write data between an external data path and the first and second storage dice.
US08837218B2
A three dimensional stacked nonvolatile semiconductor memory according to an example of the present invention includes a memory cell array comprised of first and second blocks disposed side by side in a first direction, and a driver disposed on one end of the memory cell array in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. First select gate lines in the first block and first select gate lines in the second block are connected to the driver after they are commonly connected in one end in the second direction of the memory cell array in a relation of one to one.
US08837215B2
In a method of reading data in a nonvolatile memory device including data cells and monitoring cells. A first read operation applies a first read voltage to the data cells and monitoring cells. If a read fail occurs, a second read operation is performed using a read voltage level determined according to a number of ON-cells among the monitoring cells.
US08837214B2
A method includes, in an array of analog memory cells that are arranged in rows associated with respective word lines, reading a first group of the memory cells in a selected word line, including one or more memory cells that store a status of at least one word line in the array other than the selected word line. A readout configuration for a second group of the memory cells is set responsively to the read status. The second group of the memory cells is read using the readout configuration.
US08837212B2
Electronic devices may include a first substrate bearing circuitry components at a nanoscale pitch within the first substrate. The first substrate may include microscale bond pads on a surface of the first substrate. A via may electrically connect one of the microscale bond pads to one of the circuitry components. A second substrate may be electrically connected to at least one of the microscale bond pads. Methods of forming electronic devices may include positioning a first substrate adjacent to a second substrate. The first substrate may bear circuitry components at a nanoscale pitch within the first substrate. The first substrate may include microscale bond pads on a surface of the first substrate. A via may electrically connect one of the microscale bond pads to one of the circuitry components. The second substrate may be electrically connected to at least one of the microscale bond pads.
US08837195B2
A system and method are provided for reading ferroelectric memories in a manner that does away with a conventional requirement for inclusion of a charge or sense amplifier associated with each ferroelectric memory cell. Simple circuits are employed for modulating an AC signal that is generated and input, including wirelessly, to the circuits where a capacitance of a ferroelectric capacitor acts as a filter. Depending upon whether the ferroelectric memory (capacitor) is charged or discharged, it will have a different capacitance, which will affect the impedance that the signal sees. An ability to remotely read that signal difference, as an indication of capacitance, rather than an indication of charge, is provided to expand the use of ferroelectric memories to a broader spectrum of applications including use in RFID tags.
US08837193B2
A memory in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention may include a first page buffer, a second page buffer arranged adjacent to the first page buffer in a first direction, a global pad arranged between the first page buffer and the second page buffer, and a first bit line selection unit arranged adjacent to the first page buffer and the second page buffer in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, wherein a first bit line pad is formed at a center of the a first bit line selection unit.
US08837189B2
NAND architecture non-volatile content addressable (CAM) memory devices and methods are described that allows for high density, low cost CAM devices. In addition, the NAND architecture non-volatile CAM memory operates with reduced power consumption characteristics for low power and portable applications. In one NAND architecture non-volatile CAM memory embodiment a wired NOR match line array is utilized. In another embodiment a NAND match line array is shown. In yet other embodiments, hierarchal addressing, hash addressing, tree search and algorithmic/hardware engine based search is detailed utilizing both conventional NAND architecture non-volatile Flash memory arrays and dedicated NAND architecture CAM arrays utilizing wired NOR and wired NAND match lines.
US08837186B2
An apparatus/method is provided. The power conversion apparatus includes: a rectifying unit including a silicon-controlled rectifier thyristor (SCR) for rectifying single-phase power externally inputted; a power factor correcting unit configured to correct a power factor of the power rectified by the rectifying unit; and a control signal generating unit configured to detect a zero-crossing point based on the single-phase power inputted and generate a pulse single of which a width increases as time elapses based on the detected zero-crossing point. The rectifying unit rectifies the single-phase power by using the pulse signal inputted to a gate terminal of the SCR.
US08837183B2
The present invention provides a power switch series circuit and its control method. The power switch series circuit includes a plurality of series modules, a control module and a drive module. At least one series module has a power switch and a detection module, and the detection module includes a detection unit and an isolation unit, so as to detect the overvoltage and output a voltage detection signal based on the detected voltage. The control module receives the voltage detection signal and outputs the corresponding control signal. The drive module amplifies the control signal to drive each power switch to turn ON or turn OFF. The control module outputs the corresponding control signal to turn off each power switch when the overvoltage happens.
US08837182B2
An apparatus for tracking a maximum power point includes a converter unit for converting a first power, outputted from a solar cell module, into a second power and a maximum power point control unit for searching for a maximum power point voltage and an open-circuit voltage corresponding to a temperature and solar radiation of the solar cell module, decreasing voltage of the first power from the open-circuit voltage to the maximum power point voltage in a soft-start manner, and then performing Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control according to a Perturbation and Observation (P&O) algorithm.
US08837171B2
A DC/DC converter circuit configuration contains a rectifier configuration, an inductance and at least one circuit breaker for switching the inductance on its input side. When controlling the circuit configuration, an off time of the circuit breaker is variably changed on the basis of the output power of the circuit configuration and the circuit breaker is respectively switched on in the region of a minimum of a voltage curve across the circuit breaker in order to minimize the switching losses and achieve a high level of efficiency.
US08837166B2
A capacitor assembly comprises a plurality of capacitor elements, a clamping assembly, and a conductive path. The clamping assembly retains the plurality of capacitor elements longitudinally perpendicular to an adjacent mounting surface. The conductive path electrically connects the plurality of capacitor elements to one or more circuit elements disposed proximate the adjacent mounting surface.
US08837163B2
An integrated structure for interconnection of electrical components is provided. In one embodiment, the integrated structure includes a through mold via (TMV) module having a substrate and at least one component coupled to the substrate. A flexible printed circuit board (flex-PCB) is integrated with the substrate of the TMV module. A TMV is provided through a body of the module to allow the flex-PCB to couple with a logic board.
US08837155B2
A mobile terminal includes a first body and a second body, a first display unit mounted to the first body, and a slide module configured to move the first body and the second body with respect to each other. Further, the slide module includes a first slide member coupled to the first body, and a second slide member having a first bending portion and a second bending portion extending from a side end thereof in directions crossing each other, and configured to encompass at least part of side surfaces of the first slide member. In addition, the first bending portion and the second bending portion are spaced from at least one side surface of the first display unit with a predetermined gap from the side surface of the first display unit.
US08837145B2
A battery ejecting structure with the pad function is applied to a portable electronic device which comprises a housing and a battery. The battery ejecting structure of the present invention comprises a pad, a pushing element and a blocking element. The pad is located movably in a container of the housing and comprises a fixed member. The pushing element is located in the housing, and the fixed member of the pad is connected to the pushing element through the housing. The pushing element comprises a lock structure for locking the battery in an initial position. The blocking element is located movably in the container next to the pad. While the blocking element is disengaged from the container, the pushing element is moved from the initial position to a release position by the movement of the pad to unlock the battery.
US08837134B2
A side-push retractable USB memory stick includes a PC board providing a data storage function, an insulative PC board holder accommodating the PC board and having a springy plate located on one lateral side thereof and a press portion outwardly protruded from the springy plate, a housing surrounding the insulative PC board holder and having a sliding slot located on one lateral side thereof for receiving the press portion and enabling the press portion to be operated by an external force to move a metal shield and a USB interface circuit of the PC board in and out of a front opening of the housing. A rear end block closed on a rear open side of the housing, and a front end block press-fitted into the front opening and defining a through hole for passing the metal shield and the USB interface circuit in and out of the housing.
US08837129B2
An electronic device case includes a casing body formed with an opening, a blocking mechanism disposed on the casing body, a cover disposed on the casing body and covering the opening, and an engaging component mounted on the cover. The blocking mechanism is formed with an engaging groove facing a direction opposite to the opening. The engaging component is adapted to be moved relative to the cover in the direction opposite to the opening, and includes a connecting plate removably received in the engaging groove, and an engaging plate extending obliquely from the connecting plate toward the direction opposite to the opening and angularly and removably engaging the engaging groove, so that the cover is removably positioned on the casing body.
US08837126B2
A display device is disclosed. The display device comprises a flexible display screen and a body supporting the flexible display screen. The body comprises a first body comprising a sloping surface on a cross-section, a second body, and a third body comprising a sloping surface on a cross-section. The body comprises a first bending portion provided between the first body and the second body, and the sloping surface of the first body is attached to the second body by the rotation of the first body.
US08837115B2
An electrolytic capacitor includes an electrolytic capacitor element, anode terminals as a pair, and a conductive member. The capacitor element has an anode body formed by placing an anode foil and a cathode foil one above the other and by winding the anode and cathode foils, anode leads as a pair electrically connected to the anode foil, and a cathode lead electrically connected to the cathode foil. A dielectric layer is formed on a surface of the anode foil. A electrolyte layer is placed between the dielectric layer and the cathode foil. The anode terminals as a pair are each electrically connected to corresponding one of anode leads as a pair of the capacitor element. The conductive member electrically connects the anode terminals to each other outside the capacitor element.
US08837104B2
A motor programming tool is disclosed for associating with a connection block of a motor and sending signals to a programmable controller of the motor, where the connection block includes a plurality of terminals coupled to the controller. The programming tool includes a tool body with an interface generally corresponding with the connection block of the motor, wiring operable to carry the signals, and a plurality of terminal connecting assemblies to associate with the motor terminals. The programming tool includes circuitry disposed in the tool body. The circuitry is electrically connected to the wiring and includes a power transmission portion and a data transmission portion.
US08837103B2
A circuit breaker trip unit includes an input section receiving a phase current level signal. A processor is in communication with the input section and generates a first trip signal based on the phase current level signal and user-adjustable trip settings. The trip settings include long time and short time pickup and delay settings. An analog instantaneous trip circuit is in communication with both of the input section and the processor. The analog instantaneous trip circuit includes a digital potentiometer having a non-volatile memory. The potentiometer provides a reference signal corresponding to a resistance setting stored in the memory. The analog instantaneous trip circuit compares the phase current level and reference signals, and generates a second trip signal based on a result of the comparing. The processor programs the resistance setting stored in the memory according to a user-adjustable instantaneous current pickup setting.
US08837094B2
A DC/AC inverter substrate includes a voltage abnormality detector circuit. All of a high voltage side detection sensor, a low voltage side detection sensor, and a high-voltage and low-voltage detection sensor in the voltage abnormality detector circuit are disposed without being electrically connected to a secondary side of a transformer or to a connection point. Those detection sensors are not damaged since overvoltage is not applied to the voltage abnormality detector circuit when abnormal discharge occurs because the detection sensors are not electrically connected.
US08837088B1
In one embodiment, a magnetic head includes a main pole configured to emit a recording magnetic field for affecting a magnetic medium, the main pole serving as a first electrode and having a front portion at an air bearing surface (ABS) of the magnetic head and a rear portion extending from the front portion in an element height direction perpendicular to the ABS, wherein an upper surface of the main pole has a step transitioning from the front portion to the rear portion, a conductive layer positioned above the main pole, the conductive layer serving as a second electrode, a microwave oscillator positioned between the main pole and the conductive layer at the ABS of the Magnetic head and extending beyond the step in the element height direction, and a current confinement layer positioned between the microwave oscillator and the rear portion of the main pole.
US08837086B2
A magnetic recording head used for microwave-assisted magnetic recording includes: a main pole; a spin torque oscillator provided on the main pole, including a high-speed rotating magnetization layer in which the magnetization is rapidly rotated by a spin torque; a trailing shield provided on the spin torque oscillator; and a sub pole magnetically coupled to the trailing shield provided in a medium-facing surface, extending in a vertical direction to the medium-facing surface. Then, a non-magnetic electrode is provided on the outside of a trailing gap in which the spin torque oscillator is provided with respect to a magnetic material of the main pole, the trailing shield, or the sub pole, to prevent the line resistance variation due to the AMR effect or the eddy current. Thus, the variation of the current flowing to the spin torque oscillator can be controlled to achieve stable oscillation.
US08837084B2
A magnetic write head having a stitched magnetic pole (also referred to as a shaping layer) for conducting magnetic flux to the pole tip portion of a magnetic write pole. The stitched magnetic pole has a shape so as to be thicker in a central region that is aligned with the pole tip of the write pole and is thinner a its outer sides. This shape helps to channel magnetic flux to the pole tip portion of the write pole while maintaining sufficient pole surface area for high data rate recording.
US08837082B2
A module according to one embodiment includes a plurality of transducers; a tape bearing surface having a transducer region aligned with the transducers in a tape travel direction, and outer regions flanking the transducer region in a direction perpendicular to the tape travel direction; a first coating on the transducer region of the tape bearing surface; and a second coating on at least one of the outer regions of the tape bearing surface, the second coating being different than the first coating.
US08837077B1
A computer system and a controlling method for a hard disk are provided. The computer system includes a case, a hard disk, a pressure sensor and a controller. The hard disk is disposed in the case and includes a platter and head, which is used to access the platter in an access range. The pressure sensor is disposed between the hard disk and the case, and is configured to obtain a pressure value. The controller is coupled to the pressure sensor and the hard disk, and is configured to determine if the pressure value is larger than or equal to a threshold. If the pressure value is larger than or equal to the threshold, the controller issues a command to the hard disk, such that the head leaves the access range. Accordingly, the hard disk is prevented from being damaged.
US08837074B1
A storage device includes a storage medium having a plurality of tracks of data. Reading apparatus for reading a current track of data that has been subject to previous encroachment to an extent from at least one adjacent track of data includes a write head that writes interfering data to the adjacent track of data while intentionally encroaching at least to that extent onto the current track of data, and circuitry that recovers data on the current track of data using the interfering data. A method for reading a current track of data, that has been subject to previous encroachment to an extent from at least one adjacent track of data, includes writing interfering data to the adjacent track of data while intentionally encroaching at least to that extent onto the current track of data, and recovering data on the current track of data using the interfering data.
US08837065B1
Systems and methods for making fast measurements of channel performance metrics such as error margin and off-track recording capability in shingled magnetic recording are provided. One such method involves writing a plurality of shingled tracks on the disk, measuring an off track read capability (OTRC) of each of the plurality of shingled tracks, determining radial endpoints of the measured OTRC for each of the plurality of shingled tracks, determining an approximate radial center for each of the plurality of shingled tracks based on the respective OTRC radial endpoints, and measuring a channel performance metric at a range centered around the approximate radial center for each of the plurality of shingled tracks. In one such case, the channel performance metric involves error margin. One such system includes a processor coupled to a memory, a magnetic transducer, and a test platform, where the processor is configured to perform the method.
US08837063B2
A method for manufacturing a color filter is provided. The method includes following steps. A substrate is provided. A first filter layer is formed on a first part of a first region and a first part of a second region of the substrate. A second filter layer is formed on a second part of the second region. A third filter layer is formed on a second part of the first region and a third part of the second region. When a white beam is projected on the color filter, the first region and the second region reflect a plurality of color beams. A color filter manufactured through the method is also provided.
US08837061B2
Provided is a lens barrel including a fourth lens group that holds a fourth lens, a second lens group that holds a second lens and is disposed closer to an object than the fourth lens group, and a drive source that drives the fourth lens group in a direction along the optical axis. The fourth lens has a notch around a portion of an outer periphery thereof. The drive source is provided in the notch.
US08837059B2
According to an aspect of the invention, an image reading apparatus includes a substrate, light emitting elements, a catoptrics system, an imaging lens, a lens position fixing unit, and a reflective surface fixing unit. The plurality of light emitting elements is arranged on the substrate in a line and emits light to a surface of an object to be irradiated. The imaging element is disposed on the substrate and receives light reflected from the surface of the object. The first optical system guides the light emitted from the light emitting elements to the surface of the object. The second optical system guides the light reflected from the surface to the imaging element. The second optical system includes a catoptrics system including a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface so that light reflected from the first reflective surface is reflected to the substrate, and an imaging lens.
US08837054B2
A liquid lens includes a sealed shell, a gaseous material, a transparent carbon nanotube structure within the gaseous material, a liquid material, and a first electrode and a second electrode, a voltage being applied to the carbon nanotube structure causes rapid heating, which is transferred to the gaseous material to change the pressure thereof.
US08837051B1
The present invention includes a head mounted display (HMD) worn by a user. The HMD includes a display projecting an image through an optical lens. The HMD also includes a one-dimensional retro reflective array receiving the image through the optical lens at a first angle with respect to the display and deflecting the image at a second angle different than the first angle with respect to the display. The one-dimensional retro reflective array reflects the image in order to project the image onto an eye of the user.
US08837049B2
Disclosed is a window blind solar energy management system for capturing solar energy to manage illumination and temperature within a defined space. Blinds comprising curved louvers are hung from the internal frame of a window, each louver having a concave, highly reflecting specular mirrored surface that focuses incoming solar beam radiation onto a thin area on the back of the adjacent louver. The angle of the louvers is adjusted by an integral automatic controller so that the thin strip of light can be focused on one or two of three regions on the back of the adjacent louver which are designed to either reflect, absorb, or reject the incoming light.
US08837033B2
A nested loop system for combining coherent laser beams, The system includes multiple laser amplifiers each configured for emitting one of the laser beams, an output beam splitter configured for sampling each laser beam and for coupling each sampled laser beam to an inner feedback loop module, an output beam sampler configured for splitting the combined beam into a primary and a sampled output beam and for coupling the sampled output beam to the inner feedback loop module, multiple inner loop phase modulators each paired with one of the laser amplifiers, and the inner feedback loop module. For each laser amplifier the inner feedback loop module is configured to use the sampled output beam and the sampled laser beam associated with that laser amplifier to create a different inner loop feedback signal and to couple that inner loop feedback signal to that laser amplifier paired inner loop phase modulator.
US08837032B2
Variable transmittance optical filters capable of transitioning from a light state to a dark state on exposure to UV radiation and from a dark state to a light state with application of an electric voltage are provided. The optical filters comprise a switching material that comprises one or more chromophores that have electrochromic and photochromic properties.
US08837027B2
An optical scanning device includes: a light source including a plurality of light-emitting elements; a deflector that defects light beams output from the light source; a scanning optical system that condenses the light beams deflected on the deflector onto a surface to be scanned, and includes at least one resin scanning lens and at least one folding mirror disposed behind the at least one resin scanning lens; a light-receiving element to which part of the light beams, which is deflected on the deflector but not used for scanning the surface, enters not via the at least one folding mirror as light-amount monitoring light beams; and a controller that controls a driving signal for the light-emitting elements based on an output signal from the light-receiving element.
US08837021B2
An image processing apparatus which converts input image data into a designated color, the apparatus comprises a designation unit which accepts a designated color from a user; a holding unit which holds a representation color of a block, a color layout of pixels included in the block, and an other color contained in the block except for the representation color, the block being generated by compression and including a predetermined number of pixels that form the image data; and a color conversion unit which mono-colorizes the block into the designated color by converting at least one of the representation color and the other color into the designated color designated with the designation unit in accordance with the color layout.
US08837015B2
An image forming apparatus employing an illuminator configured to irradiate light to a photosensitive body to change a level of electrical potential of the photosensitive body. The illuminator includes at least one light source configured to generate light and a light guide configured to guide the light received from the light source toward the photosensitive body. The light guide includes at least one incidence face and an emission face. The at least one incidence face faces the light source in a main scanning direction to receive the light from the light source into the light guide. The light exits from the light guide through the emission face toward the photosensitive body. The emission face includes a diffusion pattern having a plurality of semi-cylindrical structures along a width direction of the light guide. A radius of curvature of the semi-cylindrical structures increases away from the at least one light source.
US08837014B1
This disclosure describes techniques and apparatuses for reducing color fringes. In some embodiments, inaccuracies from color-insensitive sensors are corrected. Inaccuracies can be corrected in part by shortening a first illumination made temporally proximate a second illumination. By so doing, a center of the image captured for a first illumination is moved toward the image captured for a second illumination, which reduces a color fringe.
US08837002B2
An image forming apparatus includes an image forming section, a chart creation section, an input section, and a color shift correction section. The image forming section includes a plurality of image forming units that individually form images of different colors. The chart creation section inputs, to the image forming section, the image data of a chart including first lines containing a reference color and a stepped image located between the first lines and that has second lines containing an adjustment color. The input section receives the input of an adjustment value selected based on a chart formed by the image forming section. In response to the adjustment value, the color shift correction section moves the image forming position of the image forming unit forming the image of the adjustment color with respect to the image forming position of the image forming unit forming the image of the reference color.
US08836993B2
An image forming apparatus includes a recording unit, a conveyance unit, a protection member, and at least one rotor pair. The recording unit forms an image on a print medium having an adhesive face. The conveyance unit conveys the print medium. The protection member presses against the adhesive face of the print medium to protect the adhesive face. Each of the at least one rotor pair includes rotors to sandwich and press the print medium and the protection member therebetween. The conveyance unit is configured to rotate the at least one rotor pair to convey the print medium and the protection member together to an image forming position at which the recording unit is configured to form the image on the print medium. The protection member is configured to separate from the adhesive face before discharge of the print medium to an outside of the image forming apparatus.
US08836980B2
A method and system include at least one printer, and a computerized print server operatively connected to the printer. The printer is capable of performing a plurality of different operations, and the different operations are enabled and disabled by selection of different menu choices. Further, the computerized print server stores a plurality of virtual printers, and each of the virtual printers comprises a print queue identifying one printer and storing a pattern of the menu choices. Each of the pattern of the menu choices is different in each of the virtual printers. The process of choosing a selected virtual printer from the virtual printers for a print job automatically chooses a selected printer and a selected pattern of menu choices.
US08836965B2
In the event that the printing operations of a printing job have been interrupted by an interruption cause, and the cause of interruption for the interruption job is removed, resuming of the printing operations of the interrupted job is enabled with a resuming method corresponding to a user request, received from a user via a user interface, for a selection option that has been selected from multiple selection operations relating to resuming methods of the printing operations. This enables job resuming processing of a job regarding which printing has been interrupted to be suitably executed even under a printing environment such as a POD environment.
US08836964B2
The present subject matter relates to a method and system for increasing the throughput of mail processing machines by limiting the number of document processing system stops while effectively allowing errors to be reconciled during the continued operation of the system. More particularly, the present approach involves logging detected errors during an ongoing document processing run. The detected errors are analyzed for priority, and the operator is alerted to take corrective action during run time for specified errors. The reported errors may be reconciled prior to the completion of the document processing run.
US08836950B2
In one embodiment, a Sagnac interferometer-type fiber-optic sensor includes a synchronous detection circuit to carry out synchronous detection of detected light signal with a phase modulation angular frequency of a phase modulator. A signal processing circuit calculates and outputs the magnitude of current to be measured using the signal detected in the synchronous detection circuit. A phase modulator driving circuit controls the driving of the phase modulator. The phase modulator driving circuit controls a phase modulation depth of the phase modulator so that the amplitude of the second-order harmonics and the fourth-order harmonics obtained by carrying out the synchronous detection of the detected light signal with the phase modulation angular frequency becomes the same.
US08836940B2
A test apparatus is configured for testing a notebook including a liquid crystal display section and a body section. The positioning structure includes an optical testing module, an adjustable OTM mount, a fine-tuning module, a clamping module and a adjustable LCD mount. The optical testing module tests the liquid crystal display section, and is mounted to the adjustable OTM mount for moving the optical testing module. The optical testing module is attached to the fine-tuning module. The clamping module is for clamping the notebook. The adjustable LCD mount is mounted to the clamping module, and rotates the notebook relative to the optical testing module.
US08836936B2
The present invention discloses an inspecting device for detecting whether there is an appearance of debris on a surface of a glass substrate, including a laser unit, a platform, and an image sensor unit. The surface of the platform is coated with a light-absorbing material so as to absorb laser beams penetrating through the glass substrate to prevent the image sensor unit from receiving the reflected laser beam from the underside of the glass substrate. Besides, the present invention discloses an inspecting apparatus for detecting whether there is an appearance of debris on a surface of a glass substrate, using the inspecting device given above, and a method for conducting inspection. The inspecting device features a simplified configuration; the method is easy to operate; and the device can effectively prevent the background interference from the underside of glass substrates when determining whether there is an appearance of debris on top surfaces of glass substrates. The device prevents mistakes in detecting glass substrates; and the device improves the accuracy rate of inspection.
US08836932B2
Disclosed is an inspecting equipment for inspecting a light emission characteristic of a display screen includes: a carrying device provided for carrying the display screen, a cover device and a data analyzing device. The cover device has a detecting surface provided with a plurality of luminance detectors, and covers an emitting surface of the display screen to form a darkroom between the cover device and the detecting surface. A plurality of corresponding luminance information is generated by the luminance detectors provided for detecting a plurality of measuring zones of the emitting surface. The data analyzing device receives the luminance information and analyzes the light emission characteristic of the display screen according to the luminance information. And, it is thus able to rapidly inspect the light emission characteristic of the display screen during manufacture process, and is easy to be applied to a present producing line.
US08836919B2
According to one embodiment, a control method for an exposure apparatus is disclosed. The method can include retrieving, from a database, a correction amount of alignment correction at a time of exposure of a wafer and an inclination amount of a wafer stage with respect to an optical axis of an exposure optical system at the time of exposure. The method can include making a determination on the inclination amount based on a predetermined condition. The method can include making a determination on the correction amount based on the predetermined condition. In addition, the method can include issuing an alarm when the inclination amount and the correction amount both satisfy the condition.
US08836916B2
The invention concerns an illumination system for use in a stereolithography apparatus, comprising: a planar support; a multilens projector array mechanically supported on the planar support over the array on a plano side, and having a work surface arranged to receive a resin applying device for applying a resin layer, the projector array comprising a stack of optical elements, including a plurality of lenslets adapted to project the LEDs onto the work surface, and a two-dimensional array of individually controllable light-emitting diodes (LEDs) arranged between the planar support and the multilens projector. According to an aspect, the planar support and the plano side are supported on contact zones arranged over substantially the entire plano side; the illumination system thus forming a rigid body.
US08836912B2
A fluid handling structure for a lithographic apparatus, the fluid handling structure having, at a boundary from a space configured to contain immersion fluid to a region external to the fluid handling structure: a meniscus pinning feature to resist passage of immersion fluid in a radially outward direction from the space; a gas supply opening radially outward of the meniscus pinning feature; and a gas recovery opening radially outward of the meniscus pinning feature and at least partly surrounding the gas supply opening.
US08836896B2
The present disclosure relates to an optical sheet for controlling the direction of light rays which is used for manufacturing backlight units of TFT-LCDs for computer monitors and televisions, and more specifically to an optical sheet which can uniformly diffuse light, improve brightness, and adjust viewing angle. There is provided an optical sheet for controlling the direction of light rays comprising a substrate film; a microlens group arranged on a first face of the substrate film; and a plurality of protuberances formed on a second face of the substrate film, wherein each protuberance comprises a reflective layer at the bottom thereof, and the plurality of protuberances comprise an aperture formed therebetween, and wherein a unit microlens of the microlens group has a first side and a second side with different radii of curvature from each other with respect to a light emission control part thereof.
US08836893B2
A light emitting device array includes a substrate including a first region and a second region that is inclined with respect to the first region, a first light emitting device package arranged on the first region, and a second light emitting device package that is arranged on the second region and is inclined with respect to the first light emitting device package at an inclination angle between 90° and 160°.
US08836887B2
A liquid crystal display device includes a backlight module, a liquid crystal display panel, an insulating cover and a touch panel assembly. The insulating cover includes a reflective bottom plate for supporting the backlight module, at least one first sidewall with a first end and an opposite second end, at least one second sidewall with a third end and an opposite fourth end and a supporting plate connected to the opposite second end of the first sidewall and the third end of the second sidewall. The supporting plate is arranged in parallel with the reflective bottom plate and has an upper surface for supporting the liquid crystal display panel. The securing frame has a first end portion fixed to a lower surface of the supporting and a second end portion.
US08836886B2
A frameless liquid crystal display device includes a rear enclosure, a backlight module arranged inside the rear enclosure, a mold frame arranged on the backlight module and mounted to the rear enclosure, and a liquid crystal display panel arranged on the mold frame. The liquid crystal display panel has an upper portion mounted to the mold frame through vacuum suction cups, each of which includes a cup portion that is attached through suction to a non-displaying zone of a back surface of the liquid crystal display panel and a stem portion that is fixed to the mold frame by a screw so as to fix the upper portion of the liquid crystal display panel to the mold frame. The liquid crystal display panel forms a step and a surface decoration is bonded to the step to fix the liquid crystal display panel to the mold frame.
US08836885B2
The invention provides an outer frame for a display device, a backlight module and an LCD device. The outer frame includes at least two sections; the sections include a mounting section for arranging the light source of the backlight module. In the invention, because the outer frame of the backlight module is divided into multiple sections, and one of the sections is used as a mounting section for arranging the light source, the light source is arranged on the mounting section of the outer frame when being assembled, and the required assembling action is simple in the assembling process; thus, the step of assembling the light source on the backplane or aluminum extrusion is omitted, and the assembling technology is simplified. In addition, when replacing the light source of the backlight module, only the mounting section of the outer frame is removed, and then the light source is replaced on the outer frame. Thus, most components of the backlight module are exposed into air because many components are removed, causing dust to enter inside the backlight module to affect the optical performance of the backlight module can be avoided, the replacement process of the light source can be simplified, and the stability of the LCD device can be increased.
US08836884B2
The present invention provides a flat panel display device, a stereoscopic display device, and a liquid crystal display device. The flat panel display device includes a backlight system and a display panel, wherein the backlight system includes a light source, a light homogenization mechanism, and a back frame; the back frame carries the light source and the light homogenization mechanism and the back frame includes at least two assembling pieces. The at least two assembling pieces are joined to form the back frame. The back frame further includes a bracing piece that is set in pawl mating engagement with the assembling pieces. The present invention forms a back frame through joining assembling pieces so that the structure of a mold for back frame is simple, the expenditure for the back frame mold is reduced, the material for the back frame is saved, and the cost is lowered down. Further, through the pawl mating arrangement of the bracing piece and the assembling piece, the bracing piece of the back frame realizes fast mounting and removal.
US08836883B2
The present invention provides a flat panel display device, which includes a backlight system and a display panel. The backlight system includes a light source, a light homogenization mechanism, and a back frame. The back frame carries the light source and the light homogenization mechanism. The light homogenization mechanism guides light from the light source to a light incidence surface of the display panel. The back frame includes at least two primary assembling pieces. The at least two primary assembling pieces are joined to for a main frame structure of the back frame. The at least two primary assembling pieces includes a primary assembling piece that has a heat source arranged thereon. The primary assembling piece that has the heat source arranged thereon has a first heat transfer capability. The remaining one or more primary assembling pieces of the at least two primary assembling pieces that have no heat source arranged thereon have a second heat transfer capability. The first heat transfer capability is greater than the second heat transfer capability. The present invention also provides a stereoscopic display device and a plasma display device. The back frame mold of the present invention is of a simple structure and can reduce the expenditure of the back frame mold, and can also save the material used for back frame so as to lower down the cost of flat panel display device.
US08836881B2
The present inventions enables reduction of outside dimensions of a small-size liquid crystal display device for a mobile phone and also elimination of an inclination of an image display area.A liquid crystal display panel 1 is mounted on a mold 6 made of resin. Because the mold 6 has not a wall surrounding the liquid crystal display panel 1, outside dimensions of the frame 7 can be made smaller. When the mold 6 with the liquid crystal display panel 1 mounted thereof is set in the frame 7, the mold 6 elastically deforms, and an inclination of a display area 31 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is corrected by projections 62 formed on the mold 6.
US08836879B2
Displays such as liquid crystal displays may be provided with structures that minimize curtain mura. A display may have upper and lower polarizers. A color filter layer and a thin film transistor layer may be located between the upper and lower polarizers. A liquid crystal layer may be interposed between the color filter layer and the thin film transistor layer. A first optical film layer that includes a birefringent compensating layer may be located between the upper polarizer and the color filter layer. A second optical film layer that is devoid of birefringent compensating layers may be located between the thin film transistor layer and the lower polarizer. A grid of metal signal lines may be used to distribute signals to thin film transistors on the thin film transistor layer. A black mask may be interposed between the grid of signal lines and the thin film transistor layer.
US08836867B2
A current control portion of this video/audio signal processing apparatus is configured to set the amount of current supplied to a second external device determined by a determination portion to be smaller than the amount of current supplied to a first external device performing prescribed processing determined by the determination portion.
US08836860B2
A method of converting an image rate by using image scaling includes changing a resolution of an input original image sequence and generating a changed resolution image sequence; determining a first motion vector by estimating motion of a first image by using a plurality of images from the changed resolution image sequence; determining a second motion vector by modifying the first motion vector of the first image to correspond to a resolution of an original image of the original image sequence, where the original image corresponds to the first image; detecting characteristic information of the original image; determining a third motion vector corresponding to the resolution of the original image by compensating the second motion vector based on the detected characteristic information; and converting an image rate of the input original image sequence based on the detected characteristic information of the original image and the third motion vector.
US08836856B2
An imaging unit includes an incident-side optical system; an incident-side prism including a first incident surface which is orthogonal to the optical axis of the incident-side optical system, a first reflecting surface and a first exit surface; an exit-side prism including a second incident surface, a second reflecting surface and a second exit surface which is orthogonal to the optical axis and from which light rays reflected by the second reflecting surface emerge; and an image sensor which receives light rays that emerge from the second exit surface. The first incident surface is positioned closer to the photographic object than the second exit surface. A deflection angle of parallel light rays, on the optical axis, at the first reflecting surface is greater than 90°, and a deflection angle of the parallel light rays at the second reflecting surface is smaller than 90°.
US08836854B2
An electronic device includes a shell, an image capturing device, a sliding key, and a driving element. The shell defines a receiving space and a through hole communicating the receiving space. The image capturing device is received in the receiving space and includes a supporting frame having a pair of rotation shafts rotatably connected with the shell and a matching block. The matching block defines a rectangular matching hole. The sliding key includes an operation portion outside receiving space and a connection portion extending from the operation portion into the receiving space. The connection portion is received and slidable in the through hole. The driving element includes a main portion connected with the connection portion and a driving arm extending from the main portion. The driving arm includes a driving portion slidable in the matching hole for driving the supporting frame to rotate.
US08836850B2
An image composition apparatus that is capable of acquiring a high-quality composite image that keeps continuity of the gradation of the whole image. Different exposures are set for images to be taken. Each of taken images is divided into small regions. A measured value is found based on brightness values in each of the small regions. A comparison value for each of the small regions is calculated based on the measured value of a small region of one image and the measurement value of the same small region of another image. A representative value is calculated based on the comparison values calculated for the respective small regions. A level-matching gain used for compositing the image data of the images is calculated based on an exposure level difference and the representative value. The image data of the images of which the image levels are adjusted are composited by multiplying the gain.
US08836849B2
An imaging apparatus includes a storage control unit configured to, in acquiring a first AF adjustment amount, control a memory to store the first AF adjustment amount and a focal length acquired by a focal length acquisition unit in association with each other, wherein the storage control unit is configured to, in acquiring a second AF adjustment amount, control the memory to store the second AF adjustment amount and the focal length acquired by the focal length acquisition unit in association with each other.
US08836842B2
Methods and devices for selectively presenting a user interface in a dual screen device. More particularly, the method includes a change in the display mode of a multiple screen device while the device is in an image capture mode. The device may present different information on the two screens based on several factors including the mode of the image capture feature, the orientation of the device, and/or the state of the device.
US08836839B2
Provided is an organic pixel, which includes a semiconductor substrate including a pixel circuit, an interconnection layer having a first contact and a first electrode formed on a semiconductor substrate, and an organic photo-diode formed on the interconnection layer. For example, the organic photo-diode includes an insulation layer formed on the first electrode, a second electrode and a photo-electric conversion region formed between the first contact, the insulation layer and the second electrode. The photo-electric conversion region includes an electron donating organic material and an electron accepting organic material. The organic photo-diode may further include a second contact electrically connected to the first contact. The horizontal distance between the second contacts and the insulation layer may be less than or equal to a few micrometers, for example, 10 micrometers.
US08836837B2
A photoelectric conversion apparatus includes: a sensor cell unit for a non-inverting output, via a first non-inverting amplifier to a common output line, of a signal generated by a photoelectric conversion element; a first memory cell unit for holding the signal inputted from the common output line to a first memory capacitor, and for performing a non-inverting output of the signal held by the first memory capacitor, via a second non-inverting amplifier to the common output line; a transfer unit for non-inverting or inverting, via an amplifier, the signal in the common output line, and for outputting the signal non-inverted or inverted to the common output line; a transfer switch arranged between an input terminal of the transfer unit and the common output line; and a feedback switch arranged between an output terminal of the transfer unit and the common output line.
US08836836B2
A radiation imaging apparatus includes an imaging unit and an imaging control unit. The imaging control unit causes a switch unit, an accumulation unit, a removal unit, a holding unit, and an addition unit, which constitute a pixel circuit of the imaging unit, to operate at a timing before an imaging operation by the imaging unit so as to fix unstable voltages of the accumulation unit, the removal unit, the holding unit, and the addition unit to a predetermined voltage of a power supply connected via a switch unit.
US08836835B2
A reference pixel sensor cell (e.g., global shutter) with hold node for leakage cancellation, methods of manufacture and design structure is provided. A pixel array includes one or more reference pixel sensor cells dispersed locally throughout active light sensing regions. The one or more reference pixel sensor cells provides a reference signal used to correct for photon generated leakage signals which vary by locality within the active light sensing regions.
US08836833B2
A solid-state imaging apparatus has a pixel array in which a plurality of pixels are arranged to form a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and a plurality of column signal lines are arranged, wherein each of the plurality of pixels includes a photoelectric converter including a first well formed in a semiconductor substrate and having a first conductivity type, and an impurity region arranged in the first well and having a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type, and an in-pixel readout circuit which outputs, to the column signal line, a signal corresponding to charges generated in the photoelectric converter, the in-pixel readout circuit including a circuit element arranged in a second well having the first conductivity type, and wherein the first well and the second well are isolated by a semiconductor region having the second conductivity type.
US08836831B2
An image sensor includes a sensor matrix including a plurality of sensing elements and a plurality of shutter control lines. Each sensing element includes an electronic shutter and a photo-detector, wherein the electronic shutter controls the exposure time of the photo-detector. Each shutter control line couples to a row or column of the electronic shutters, whereby different rows or columns of the electronic shutters can be independently controlled, and the photo-detectors in the same row or column can have the same exposure time.
US08836825B2
An imaging apparatus according to the present invention includes: a lens optical system L having a first optical region D1 and a second optical region D2 having a different optical power from that of the first optical region D1; an imaging device N having a plurality of pixels P1, P2; and an array optical device K for causing light passing through the first optical region D1 to enter the pixel P1 and causing light passing through the second optical region D2 to enter the pixel P2.
US08836824B2
Systems, methods, and computer readable media for removing noise from the luminance (luma) channel in a digital image represented in the YUV color space are described. In general, an element from the luma channel may be selected and a region about that element defined. Using a threshold that is based on the selected luma element's value, similar luma values within the defined region may be identified and combined to provide a substitute value. The substitute value may be blended with the value of the selected element within the image's luma channel. In another implementation, element values from both an image's luma and chroma channels may be used to identify similar luma values.
US08836811B2
An embodiment of the invention includes a method for managing media files created by a digital camera. More specifically, a content analyzing module tags a media file with one or more location media tags, event media tags, and/or content media tags. The location media tags are indicative of the geographic location where the media file was created. The event media tags are indicative of an event where the media file was created; and, the content media tags are indicative of individual(s) in the media file. A priority analyzing module connected to the content analyzing module determines a priority of the media file based on priority rules and the location media tags, event media tags, and/or the content media tags. A storage management module connected to the priority analyzing module stores the media file based on the determined priority.
US08836810B2
A system and method are provided for imaging in scattering media such as fog, water and biological tissues. Normally, such images suffer from poor visibility due to backscattering and signal attenuation. At least two images are taken of the scene using active widefield polarized illumination, with different states of a camera-mounted polarizer. The degree of polarization of backscatter is estimated in every point of the scene, leading to an estimation of the backscatter in every point of the scene. A portion or all of the value of backscatter can be deducted in each point of the scene resulting in an enhanced image with improved contrast and brightness range across the field of view.
US08836803B2
The invention provides data for display on the display area for a child frame when the child frame is synthesized and displayed on the parent frame in picture-in-picture playback in order to give the displayed area of the child frame in conformity with the video content in the parent frame, as well as providing a video display apparatus etc. for displaying the child frame at an appropriate displayed position using the data for display. A video display apparatus 1 includes: decoders 101 and 103 for decoding two sets of video data; a synthesizer 105 for synthesizing the decoded videos to output; an input unit 108 for commanding display/non-display of the child frame; a processing controller 109 for controlling the operations of decoders 101 and 103 in accordance with the command; and a position designator 110 which receives the command and the data for display and time information and designates the displayed position of the child frame to the synthesizer 105. The position designator 110 determines the displayed position of the child-frame video in accordance with displayable time information of the child-frame video and information on the displayed area or displayable area depending on time, included in the data for display.
US08836802B2
Some embodiments relate to a method of displaying items on a touch-sensitive display. The method includes showing a camera on the touch-sensitive display and detecting contact with the camera on the touch-sensitive display. The method further includes manipulating the camera based on a gesture conducted on the touch-sensitive display, wherein the gesture includes making contact with the touch sensitive display at a plurality of locations. The plurality of locations are arranged in a pattern that defines operation of the camera. Other embodiments relate to a method that includes showing a menu on the touch-sensitive display that includes a plurality of camera movement operations and detecting contact with the camera on the touch-sensitive display. The method further includes detecting contact with the menu on the touch-sensitive display to select a particular camera movement operation and manipulating the camera based on a gesture conducted on the touch-sensitive display.
US08836792B1
Electro-mechanical transducers are used to actively cloak a targeted object in a way that absorbs incoming waves without reflection, sends them out the opposite side of the target and returns the wave without leaving a shadow behind the target. The present invention pertains to an improvement in the cloaking of an object without requiring the use of special materials for the object itself and allows the use of SONAR and other possible transducer systems that would be covered and rendered ineffective with passive cloaking materials.
US08836789B2
A camera arrangement for a vehicle, with a camera unit constructed to be pivoted between an active position and an inactive position, and a chamber accommodating the camera unit, wherein in the inactive position a sealing cover that seals the chamber is arranged on the camera unit, with the camera unit being inaccessible from outside, and wherein in the active position the camera unit is pivoted out of the chamber for optically capturing a surrounding area and the camera unit seals the chamber. A method for installing the camera arrangement in a vehicle is also disclosed.
US08836781B2
Technology for system and method of providing surrounding information of a vehicle which accurately calculates positions of obstacles around the vehicle is provided. The system includes a plurality of image acquisition units installed in the vehicle at a preset interval, an image acquisition unit selector which selects at least two image acquisition units of the plurality of image acquisition units and receives image data from the selected acquisition unit selector, and a control unit which recognizes an obstacle from the image data received from the image acquisition units, calculates a position of the obstacle, and controls the image acquisition unit selector to select the at least two image acquisition units of the plurality of image acquisition units according to information for vehicle speed of the vehicle.
US08836776B2
There is provided an endoscope apparatus capable of stably and precisely measuring a distance to an object by suppressing variations in measured values of the distance to the object depending on the presence or absence of pigment dispersion or the like and capable of enabling observations based on clear and high quality images. The endoscope apparatus includes an optical system that condenses light from an object and simultaneously forms two optical images having the same characteristics with difference only in focal point; an imaging element that captures the two optical images formed by the optical system and acquires two images; and a calculation unit that obtains distance information corresponding to a distance to the object based on a contrast ratio of the two images in a range in which the two images acquired by the imaging element have a common contrast.
US08836771B2
Systems and methods are operable to share a viewing experience of a free viewpoint format media content event. An exemplary embodiment receives the free viewpoint format media content event, receives unique geometric orientation information from each one of a plurality of head mounted displays (HMDs), determines a unique viewpoint location for each one of the plurality of HMDs based upon the geometric orientation information received from each one of the plurality of HMDs, determines a unique viewpoint area for each one of the plurality of HMDs based upon the determined unique viewpoint location, and communicates each one of the unique viewpoint areas to the associated one of the plurality of HMDs.
US08836770B2
A method of operating a stereo display device comprises addressing a display such that a stereo image is addressed in one field period by presenting left and right eye images in sequence with line-by-line addressing. A backlight is controlled in line-by-line manner with a different addressing rate to the addressing rate of the images. A shutter arrangement for a viewer is controlled by opening a shutter associated with one eye of the viewer when the respective image is displayed.
US08836767B2
An imaging apparatus and an imaging method, wherein a focus location direction discriminator estimates a direction toward a focus location based on two contrast evaluation values corresponding to two imaging optical systems having different image focusing locations. Therefore, the imaging apparatus and the imaging method can directly start an AF operation at current image focusing locations of two imaging optical systems, without setting the image focusing locations to fixed initial locations in a focusing operation of the imaging optical systems. As a result, AF operation time and power consumption are reduced without failing to find a direction of image focusing location.
US08836766B1
A method for preparing a spatial coded slide image in which a pattern of the spatial coded slide image is aligned along epipolar lines at an output of a projector in a system for 3D measurement, comprising: obtaining distortion vectors for projector coordinates, each vector representing a distortion from predicted coordinates caused by the projector; retrieving an ideal pattern image which is an ideal image of the spatial coded pattern aligned on ideal epipolar lines; creating a real slide image by, for each real pixel coordinates of the real slide image, retrieving a current distortion vector; removing distortion from the real pixel coordinates using the current distortion vector to obtain ideal pixel coordinates in the ideal pattern image; extracting a pixel value at the ideal pixel coordinates in the ideal pattern image; copying the pixel value at the real pixel coordinates in the real slide image.
US08836755B2
A three-dimensional (3D) display device combining two-dimensional (2D) images from two image sources to create a 3D image. The 3D display device utilizes a beam combining film that includes a prismatic front surface and a planar back surface. The film transmits light striking its back surface at particular incidence angles. A first 2D image source provides a foreground image and a second 2D image source to provide a background image. First and second liquid crystal displays may be arranged with display surfaces proximate to top and bottom edges of the beam combining film and at angular offsets to emit light corresponding with a 2D image stream onto the back surface of the beam combining film at one of the film's incidence angles. The 2D image streams striking the back surface of the film are combined by the film and transmitted from the front surface as a single autostereoscopic video image.
US08836748B2
A light scanning device includes an optical unit. The optical unit includes a polygon mirror and a polygon motor. The polygon mirror includes n (n is an integer equal to or larger than 1) mirror surfaces and guides light in a main scanning direction of an image bearing member. The polygon motor includes m (m is an integer equal to or larger than 1 and is coprime with n) poles and rotates the polygon mirror.
US08836746B2
A pixel clock generator device includes a high frequency clock generator, a phase shift data generator to generate phase shift data for controlling a phase shift amount of a pixel clock, a phase shift data pattern generator to read the phase shift data from the phase shift data generator, generate a pattern of the phase shift data for output, and when outputting a same phase shift data pattern for consecutive scan lines, generate, for a next scan line, a phase shift data pattern in which a pixel clock at a position moved by a random number of pixel clocks from a phase-shift position of a pixel clock in a phase shift data pattern for a current scan line is phase-shifted, and a pixel clock generator to generate, on the basis of a high frequency clock, a pixel clock phase-shifted in accordance with the generated phase shift data pattern.
US08836737B2
A display device includes a first sub-pixel formed by a blue-type-hue colored area included in a visible light region whose hue changes in accordance with wavelength, a second sub-pixel formed by a red-type-hue colored area included in the visible light region, a third sub-pixel and a fourth sub-pixel formed by colored areas of two types of hues included in the visible light region, the two types of hues being selected from a hue range of from a blue hue to a yellow hue, and a plurality of pixels regularly disposed horizontally and vertically and each including the first to fourth sub-pixels. At least two of the four sub-pixels have different areas, and two of the four sub-pixels having smaller areas among the four sub-pixels are disposed so as not to be adjacent to each other.
US08836715B2
A method of processing image data for display by a display panel of a display device. The method comprises receiving main image pixel data representing a main image and side image pixel data representing a side image, and performing a mapping of the pixel data to signals used to drive the display panel. The mapping is arranged to produce an average on-axis luminance which is dependent mainly on the main image pixel data and an average off-axis luminance which is dependent at least to some extent on the side image pixel data. A compression of the main image pixel data is performed in advance of or at least partly incorporated into the mapping, the compression being performed at least partly in dependence upon the main image pixel data and at least partly in dependence upon how the off-axis luminance varies with pixel data input to the mapping.
US08836714B2
A method, a system, and a computer-readable medium are provided which provide interactive editing of image data. Image data is sampled, by a computing device, at a first resolution. The first resolution is lower than a full resolution of the image data. Gradients for the sampled image data are calculated by the computing device. The computing device solves a system equation for color pixel data for each pixel of the sampled image data using the sampled image data and the calculated gradients. The computing device controls a display of the color pixel data on a display.
US08836707B2
At least certain embodiments of the present disclosure include a method for animating a display region, windows, or views displayed on a display of a device. The method includes starting at least two animations. The method further includes determining the progress of each animation. The method further includes completing each animation based on a single timer.
US08836683B2
Provided is a boosting circuit. The boosting circuit includes a voltage generator, a booster, a voltage detector, and a selector. The voltage generator receives an external first voltage to output a second voltage. The booster boosts an input voltage to output a third voltage. The voltage detector detects at least one voltage level of the first to third voltages to output a selection signal. The selector transfers one of the first and second voltages as the input voltage of the booster in response to the selection signal.
US08836680B2
A pixel circuit is disclosed that includes a video mode, a memory mode and an inversion mode of operation. The pixel circuit includes a pixel storage node for storing data to be output by a liquid crystal cell, a pixel write circuit configured to receive display data and provide the display data to the pixel storage node for storage thereon. Further, the pixel circuit includes a hold circuit operatively coupled to the pixel write circuit and configured to minimize leakage of charge from the pixel storage node through the pixel write circuit, and an internal inversion circuit operatively coupled to the hold circuit and the pixel storage node and configured to invert a voltage of the data stored on the pixel storage node and a voltage applied to a liquid crystal cell that receives data stored on the pixel storage node.
US08836676B2
A sensing circuit includes a sensor array, a first controller and a second controller. The sensor array is charged by a sensing signal corresponding to an external light in response to a driving signal during a first time period and discharged in response to a switching signal during a second time period. The first controller provides the driving signal to the sensor array. The second controller provides the switching signal to the sensor array.
US08836673B2
A photo-sensor type input apparatus includes an upper substrate, a bottom substrate, at least one first photo sensing device, and at least one second photo sensing device. The bottom substrate is correspondingly disposed below the upper substrate. The first photo sensing device is disposed on the bottom substrate and arranged to detect a received first type input event. The second photo sensing device is disposed on the bottom substrate and arranged to detect a received second type input event. A light sensing ability of the first photo sensing device is different from a light sensing ability of the second photo sensing device.
US08836672B2
A system and method utilizing two image sensors to simultaneously capture images of a FOV (field of view). The image sensors are arranged along the same optical path for viewing the FOV. The FOV is illuminated by an illuminator of a specific frequency band. An image is captured by the first image sensor which has a filter that passes at least a portion of the light of the frequency band of the illuminator. An image is captured by the second image sensor that has a filter to pass a band of frequencies adjacent to, but generally not including the frequency band of the illuminator. The images may be manipulated, for example, to provide enhanced performance and/or compensate for variables in the system. A processor subtracts the images to produce an image that represents light reflected back from the illuminator, excluding ambient light at the frequency of the illuminator.
US08836670B2
An image processing apparatus which is allowed to achieve a higher speed of a labeling process than ever before is provided. Sequential scanning is performed on pixels in a picked-up image represented by binarized data Din. Moreover, during the sequential scanning, while label information representing an identification number for each connected region in the picked-up image is, as occasion arises, allocated to a target pixel based on values of pixel data of the target pixel and neighboring pixels thereof, additional information (position information and area information) for each connected region corresponding to each label information is updated as occasion arises. Thereby the label information, the position information and the area information about the whole picked-up image are obtained by one sequential scanning process.
US08836658B1
Methods and articles for processing information to display a plurality of items. In one aspect, the method includes outputting, by a processor, data indicative of presentation of at least some of the plurality of items in a first configuration such that the plurality of items appear to be arranged for movement relative a central point; receiving an input signal indicative of a input path; determining a projection of the input path onto a notional line that corresponds to a trajectory of at least one of the plurality of items as it appears to move; and outputting data indicative of presentation of at least some of the plurality of items in a second configuration in which the plurality of items appear to have moved relative to the central point, wherein the apparent movement of the plurality of items is based at least in part on the projection.
US08836652B2
A method includes receiving a document from a server, where the document includes an embedded script. The method also includes rendering and displaying the document at an electronic device and executing the embedded script. The method furthermore includes establishing a touchevent interface object that includes a plurality of touchlists, and upon detecting one or more touches on the touch-sensitive surface, updating the touchevent interface object with touch data, including values in two or more of the touchlists. The method includes further executing the embedded script in accordance with the values in at least one of the two or more touchlists.
US08836649B2
An information processing apparatus according to the present invention is provided which includes a display panel for displaying a plurality of objects, a plane area detection unit for detecting an operation tool positioned on the display panel and for detecting a plane area corresponding to the operation tool on the display panel, a direction detection unit for detecting a moving direction of the operation tool based on variation of position of the plane area according to time detected by the plane area detection unit, a contact determination unit for determining whether the operation tool is in contact with the display panel based on the plane area detected by the plane area detection unit, and an application control unit for controlling an application according to a contact determination result by the contact determination unit and the moving direction of the operation tool detected by the direction detection unit.
US08836644B2
A method for inputting characters pairs in an electronic device having a user input device, a display for displaying characters input through the user input device, and a memory for storing characters input through the user input device, including storing a character input through the user input device in the memory and displaying the input character on the display; and determining if the input character is an opening character of a predefined character pair, and if so, automatically and without further user input, causing a corresponding closing character of the predefined character pair to be inserted in the memory and on the display, and locating an input pointer so that subsequently input characters will be inserted between the opening and closing characters in the memory and on the display.
US08836640B2
A system and method of interacting with a smartphone application displayed over a remote display gazed at by a user including a normal mode of operation which may be the default, a hovering mode of operation which may be triggered by a trigger event, and a release event which reverts from hovering mode to normal mode. An enhanced hovering ability is typically provided while hovering, in that a predetermined set of operative gestures is enabled, such that a range of predetermined gestures is available for operating purposes while hovering.
US08836636B2
An electrophoretic display device has a display unit including electrophoretic particles that are interposed between a pair of substrates; each pixel including a pixel electrode and a memory circuit, and a switch circuit connected between the pixel electrode and the memory circuit; and first and second control lines connected to the switch circuits. When a ratio of black color pixel data in image data is 50% or more of the image data, the following three-step image display driving action is performed: an image signal input step in which the pixel data is input as an image signal to the memory circuit; a first image display step in which all the pixels are set to black color; and a second image display step in which a white color portion is displayed by inputting a potential to one control line and electrically disconnecting the other control line.
US08836633B2
In a display driving circuit, odd-stage shift registers (SRs) are cascaded; and even-stage SRs are cascaded. The SRs support dual direction shifting. Each SR includes: first, second, third, and fourth transistors. The first transistor is coupled to a forward scan start signal from a third transistor of a former second SR, coupled to an output signal from the former second SR and coupled to a node. The second transistor is coupled to a reverse scan start signal from a fourth transistor of a next second SR, coupled to an output signal from the next second SR and coupled to the node. The third transistor is coupled to a forward operation voltage and coupled to the node, and further outputs a forward scan start signal. The fourth transistor is coupled to a reverse operation voltage and coupled to the node, and further outputs a reverse scan start signal.
US08836624B2
A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes a pixel array including a plurality of pixels configured to display an image. The plurality of pixels respectively include a first subpixel configured to display first color image data, and a second subpixel configured to display second and third color image data. The LCD device may further include a backlight configured to emit the first, second, and/or third colors of light, and a backlight controller. The backlight controller may be configured to activate the backlight to emit the first and second colors of light at a same time to generate a first image component including a combination of the first color image data and the second color image data, and to separately emit the third color of light at a different time than the first and second colors of light to generate a second image component including the third color image data. The pixel array may be configured to display the first and second image components to provide a single image frame. Related devices and methods of operation are also discussed.
US08836622B2
Disclosed are a data line repair apparatus and a method thereof, employed in a LCD panel having a repair line, and a repair operational amplifier coupled to the LCD panel including a first input end, a second input end and an output end, and the output end and the second input end are both coupled to a data line of the LCD panel and the repair line. The data line repair apparatus comprises a receiving module, receiving image data of a present frame from the data line; an acquiring module, acquiring output data corresponding to the image data of the present frame and image data of a former frame from preserved corresponding relationships of the aforesaid data; and an outputting module, outputting a voltage corresponding to the output data acquired by the acquiring module to the first input end in a scheduled period.
US08836620B2
A self-luminous display device includes: pixel circuits; and a drive signal generating circuit, wherein each of the pixel circuits includes a light-emitting diode, a drive transistor connected to a drive current path of the light-emitting diode, and a holding capacitor coupled to a control node of the drive transistor, and the drive signal generating circuit generates the drive signal containing a second level signal adapted to stop the light emission without reverse-biasing the light-emitting diode, a first level signal, lower than the second level signal, adapted to reverse-bias the light-emitting diode, and a third level signal, higher than the second level signal, adapted to enable the light-emitting diode to emit light, the drive signal generating circuit supplying the drive signal to the pixel circuits.
US08836610B2
A display device including: a plurality of display panels being adjacent to each other, each display panel having a display region including a plurality of pixels and a non-display region formed in a circumference of the display region. The display device includes a panel driver which drives the plurality of display panels and a controller which converts an image signal inputted from the outside to correspond to the plurality of display regions and the non-display region disposed between the plurality of display regions, extracts an image signal from the converted image signal corresponding to the respective display regions and supplies the extracted image signal to the panel driver to be displayed on the respective display regions.
US08836606B2
An antenna apparatus comprises selectable antenna elements including a plurality of dipoles and/or a plurality of slot antennas (“slot”). Each dipole and/or each slot provides gain with respect to isotropic. The dipoles may generate vertically polarized radiation and the slots may generate horizontally polarized radiation. Each antenna element may have one or more loading structures configured to decrease the footprint (i.e., the physical dimension) of the antenna element and minimize the size of the antenna apparatus.
US08836601B2
Wireless radio apparatuses for point-to-point or point-to-multipoint transmission/communication of high bandwidth signals having dual receivers and transmitters. Radio devices and systems may include a pair of reflectors separated by an isolation choke boundary. The device may be configured to operate in any appropriate band (e.g., a 5 GHz band, a 24 GHz band, etc.) and may simultaneously transmit and receive with minimal crosstalk. The isolation choke boundary may have ridges that extend between the first and second parabolic reflectors to a height that may be tuned to the band. The isolation choke boundary provides greater than 10 dB isolation between the first and the second parabolic reflectors may be in a fixed configuration relative to each other so that they are aligned to send/receive in parallel. The two reflectors may be formed of a single housing, with fixed parallel alignment.
US08836599B2
A multi-band broadband antenna with mal-position feed structure includes a signal line of high-frequency radiation path with a signal feed-in point, and a ground line of low-frequency radiation path with opposing ground feed-in point and top-loading portion. The design exhibits a mal-position feed structure so that a co-planar waveguide structure is formed in the multi-band broadband antenna to increase the antenna's operating bandwidth.
US08836589B2
The invention relates to a flush-mounted aircraft, UAV or missile antenna system, which is an integral part of the fuselage (3) of an aircraft, UAV or missile. The antenna system comprises a surface (3) made of a conductive material and a resonant recess (4) formed in said conducting surface, wherein said recess is conformed to provide a resonant behavior in a selected operating frequency, the antenna system further comprising a radiating element (2) located within said recess and a feeding element (5) within said recess coupled to said radiating element.
US08836588B2
According to one embodiment, an antenna device according to this embodiment includes first and second feed terminals. The distance between the first and second feed terminals is set to a distance less than or equal to almost one quarter a wavelength corresponding to a predetermined resonant frequency. A first end of the first antenna including a first band, as a communication band, including the resonant frequency is connected to the first feed terminal. A first end of the second antenna including a second band, as a communication band, including at least the resonant frequency of the first antenna is connected to the second feed terminal. A first protruding portion is provided between the first and second antennas so as to protrude from a ground pattern of an antenna board.
US08836580B2
The navigation system method described herein could guide people around urban environments, detect guide and navigate them to destinations, add-on to the portable phone. We have focused on the task of detecting and navigating even in situations in which Global Positioning Systems (GPS) cannot provide this information, such as when the person is indoors or in crowded urban areas where there is no line of site to the GPS satellites. The information will be received directly from RF sensors and will display on the existing cellular phone as Bluetooth application.
US08836574B2
An integrated radar system includes a processing module and a radar device. The radar device includes an antenna module, a configurable shaping module, and a configurable transceiver module. The processing module generates an outbound signal and a control signal to configure the integrated radar system. The configured transceiver module converts the outbound signal into an outbound wireless signal. The configured shaping module shapes the outbound wireless signal into a shaped signal. The antenna module transmits the shaped signal and then receives an inbound radar signal. The configured shaping module shapes the inbound radar signal into an inbound wireless signal. The configured transceiver module converts the inbound wireless signal into an inbound symbol stream. The processing module determines location information regarding an object based on the inbound symbol stream.
US08836572B2
A method for detecting precipitation using a radar sensor system for motor vehicles designed for locating objects in the surroundings of the vehicle, in which method a locating signal that is a measure of the received power density as a function of the distance is integrated across a specific distance range lying below a limit distance for detecting precipitation. The locating signal is subjected to a filtering procedure before being integrated, the filtering procedure suppressing the peaks caused by located objects so that the filtered signal forms a measure of the noise level as a function of the distance.
US08836569B1
A synthetic aperture radar's surveillance is defeated by electronic camouflage that employs a protective shield to cover an intended target. The shield intercepts and modifies the interrogating radar pulses by modulating incident radar pulses to produce radar echoes shifted in Doppler frequency, whereby the returned echoes give a false depiction of the target, even to smearing the radar display. New structures are presented that exhibit variable reflectivity and variable dielectric characteristics of particular use in the foregoing and other electronic systems.
US08836563B2
This disclosure relates to analog to digital converter (ADC) component with a comparator function for analog signals.
US08836562B1
Dual-string digital-to-analog converters (DACs), and related circuits, systems, and methods are disclosed. In embodiments disclosed herein, a primary voltage divider of the dual string-DAC is comprised of at least one adjusting circuit. The adjusting circuit is configured to maintain the ideal voltage of a selected resistor node pair across a secondary voltage divider circuit in response to a primary switch unit selecting a selected resistor node pair. In this manner, impedance isolation is not required between a primary voltage divider and the secondary voltage divider circuit of the dual-string DAC. As a result, as non-limiting examples, the area on an integrated circuit (IC) for a dual-string DAC may be decreased, power consumption of the DAC may be decreased, and/or the dual-string DAC may have increased performance by not requiring a settling time.
US08836549B2
A system and method are described herein that provide for the calibration of the offset of a comparator on a per-comparator basis. An injection is made to the comparator at determined injection points using a low-power DAC, to calibrate the offset of the comparator. The DAC can be selectively controlled by a digital codeword that is generated based on an output of the comparator and the comparator's offset. Further embodiments of the invention present a system and method for calibrating the offset of a comparator of a flash ADC in each stage of a pipeline ADC. The system and method may provide for the calibration in a manner without affecting the speed of the pipeline ADC or adding significant power to the pipeline ADC.
US08836533B2
An dynamic electronic communication device. The tag according to embodiments of the invention is designed or set to discount, promote, incentivize, or apply information at certain states or within a certain timeframe at initial deployment, the tags themselves being capable of handling the logic. The tag generally includes a circuit, such as a silicon chip, that controls a flexible printed display, which displays the information when applied. The tag is optionally encapsulated in a plastic or glass case. The tag is made of a suitably small size such that the tag can easily be placed on individual items, and can be secured to other objects via an adhesive backing, sewn in, pinned on, and the like.
US08836530B1
According to another general aspect, a method of managing a first user's use of an apparatus may include automatically detecting, via at least one sensor operably coupled with the apparatus a presence of the first user within a detection area, wherein the first user is authorized to use the apparatus. In various embodiments, the method may also include automatically detecting, via the at least one sensor, a change in the first user's status in relation to the apparatus. In some embodiments, the method may further include automatically adjusting, based upon the first user's status change, at least one authorization level of the first user, wherein the authorization level dictates, at least in part, how the first user may use the apparatus.
US08836526B2
A monitoring device for de-energized catenary systems having bearer cables, contact wires, droppers, grounding lines, overhead lines and cable systems, during new construction or servicing work, to counter theft, is easy to implement, can be installed quickly and enables monitoring of predetermined track sections. Catenaries or overhead lines or cable systems are divided into segments, each consisting of two parallel strands, by forming a line resistance at one end by short-circuiting the strands of each segment, by connection each of the free ends of the segments with a respective measuring resistor of a predetermined size and a respective voltage source to form a respective closed circuit, and by each circuit being connected to a measuring unit for measuring loop current. The measuring unit is equipped with a monitoring device for triggering an alarm device when a predetermined limit value is exceeded or the loop current is interrupted.
US08836513B2
The system of the present invention includes a conductive element, an electronic component, and a partial power source in the form of dissimilar materials. Upon contact with a conducting fluid, a voltage potential is created and the power source is completed, which activates the system. The electronic component controls the conductance between the dissimilar materials to produce a unique current signature. The system can also be associated with food and communicate data about ingestion of food material to a receiver.
US08836511B2
An RFID tag for use in a vehicle for use in an electronic toll collecting system. The tag is capable of transmitting data to a tag interrogator indicating the occupancy status of the vehicle. In an embodiment, the tag has a user input and a visual and audible tag status indicator. The user input is used to change the occupancy status of the tag, wherein the occupancy status is a portion of a message sent by radio frequency to the interrogator when the vehicle passes through a toll area.
US08836510B2
A method for a device to determine that it has been lost is provided. The method comprises the device determining its current location, the device comparing its current location to a plurality of stored locations, and the device determining that it has been lost when its current location is a stored location that has been designated as a location where the device is unlikely to be located or is not a stored location that has been designated as a location where the device is likely to be located.
US08836507B2
An item loss prevention system for protecting from the loss of items from a user, and more specifically to an electronic device utilizing a wireless connection between a remote unit attached to an item, such as a set of one or more keys, and a host or belt unit attached to the user, to prevent the loss of the item. The system includes magnetic sensors between the item and the belt, which are Hall type magnetic sensors. An alarm activates when the item attached to the remote unit, such as a key is separated from the host unit. A multiple of additional host units and the remote units pairs can operate properly in proximity to each other, and are tuned to respond to rolling average signal strength monitoring, to indicate a separation distance requiring an alarm to the user.
US08836502B2
Systems and methods are provided for a media device that controls input and output characteristics based on one or more associated conditions.
US08836497B2
Systems and methods for configuring an analog process alarm in digital control devices are provided. In one example embodiment, a system may include a logic editor configured to create templates, including one or more alias names for corresponding one or more analog alarm sub-variables associated with an analog process variable, within the digital control system; a human-machine interface configured to provide to a user an analog alarm virtual block diagram visualizing processing logic associated with the analog process variable within the digital control system and to receive from the user a request to select a template from the created templates; and a template generator configured to automatically generate, based on the selection of the template, the alias names for the corresponding analog alarm sub-variables of the analog process alarm. The alias names may be defined directly on the analog process variable.
US08836493B2
An apparatus for providing haptic feedback to an operator of a vehicle is described including a pedal, torque motor, actuator and controller. The pedal is rotatable between a closed position and an open position. The torque motor applies rotational force to the pedal. The actuator is rotatably positioned between the torque motor and pedal. The controller provides haptic feedback to the operator by sending a haptic signal via the torque motor, actuator and pedal in which rotational force is applied to the pedal to rotate the pedal toward the closed position.
US08836490B2
A system for golf course vehicle management can include a tag device having a transceiver and a vehicle management process. The vehicle management process includes an application service for receiving the location of the tag device from the transceiver, at least one geographical zone, and a tracking module for comparing the location to the zone and generating an alert when the location is within the zone. Also included in the process is a control module for recognizing the alert. The control module can initiate an action, such as performance of a vehicle control action by a vehicle controller device.
US08836485B2
A remote control system includes a mobile device and a receiver connected to a control target. The mobile device includes an input unit accepting user's input operation; an operation signal transmission unit wirelessly transmitting an operation signal corresponding to the input operation during the input operation; a frequency switching determination unit determining whether to switch the transmission frequency band from a first frequency band to a second frequency band based on at least any one of a manner of the input operation and a state of wireless communication; and a transmission frequency switching unit switching the transmission frequency band when the frequency switching determination unit determines to switch the transmission frequency band. The receiver includes an operation signal reception unit receiving the operation signal; and a control unit controlling the control target on the basis of the received operation signal.
US08836480B2
A radio frequency identification (RFID) tag includes a substrate, and an optical code and an RFID assembly on the substrate. The optical code is encoded with code data. The RFID assembly contains tag data. The RFID assembly is operative for reading the optical code to obtain the code data, for associating the tag data with the code data, and for sending the associated tag data and the associated code data by radio frequency away from the RFID tag upon interrogation of the RFID tag by an RF interrogator.
US08836478B2
An electronic device may include a housing and circuitry carried by the housing. The electronic device may also include a finger sensing device carried by the housing and coupled to the circuitry. The finger sensing device may include a mounting substrate, and a semiconductor interposer having a lower surface adjacent the mounting substrate. The finger sensing device may also include a plurality of semiconductor finger sensing die on an upper surface of the semiconductor interposer in side-by-side and abutting relation, and defining a finger sensing surface to receive at least one finger thereon.
US08836477B2
A portable communication machine includes RF data generating means, RF wireless transmitting means for transmitting transmission data as an RF signal, RF wireless receiving means for receiving an RF signal transmitted from a vehicle-mounted machine, RF data analyzing means for analyzing received data, key operating means for instructing to control a vehicle by a user, storing means for storing control data of a vehicle-mounted information apparatus, attachable/detachable external apparatus communicating means, and controlling means for controlling the RF data generating means, the RF data analyzing means, the key operating means and the external apparatus communicating means, and is used along with an external apparatus and the vehicle-mounted information apparatus.
US08836473B2
Systems and methods for authenticating a user's identity at an ATM are provided. Apparatus for implementing the systems and methods may include a first fingerprint scanner and a second fingerprint scanner. Each of the first fingerprint scanner and the second fingerprint scanner may capture at least a portion of the user's biometric information. The apparatus may also include a first display and a second display. The first display may be located proximal to the first fingerprint scanner. The second display may be located proximal to the second fingerprint scanner. Each of the first display and the second display may be configured to display at least one of a plurality of numerical digits. The apparatus may further include a receiver. The receiver may receive information from the first fingerprint scanner, the information relating to user biometric information input into the first fingerprint scanner.
US08836471B2
The invention relates to a portable handheld work apparatus such as a cutoff machine, motor-driven chain saw, brushcutter, blower apparatus or the like. The apparatus includes a drive motor (2) for driving a work tool (6) and is provided with a security circuit (20). The security circuit (20) switches the drive motor (2) of the work apparatus into an operational-ready state or into an out-of-service state in dependence upon received signals of a receiver unit (18). The receiver unit is configured to receive at least one operating code. The receiver unit (18) is configured for receiving a service code (27) and, with the receipt of a service code, switches the drive motor into only a temporary service state.
US08836469B2
A control circuit initiates a relationship-establishment mode of operation and operates in both a learn mode of operation and a pairing mode of operation. When the control circuit completes one of these modes of operation (for example, the learn mode of operation, the pairing mode of operation, or either) the relationship-establishment mode of operation can switch to only using the remaining mode of operation during a remainder of the relationship-establishment mode of operation. One can also disable a previously-established relationship for each of a first category of remote platforms (such as remote platforms that became authorized through a learn mode of operation) when the user presses a button. Upon then detecting a second end-user assertion of the end-user interface, the control circuit can further disable a previously-established relationship with each of a second category of remote platforms (such as remote platforms that became authorized through a pairing mode of operation).
US08836460B2
A semiconductor inductor structure may include a first spiral structure, located on a first metal layer, having a first outer-spiral electrically conductive track and a first inner-spiral electrically conductive track separated from the first outer-spiral electrically conductive track by a first dielectric material. A second spiral structure, located on a second metal layer, having a second outer-spiral electrically conductive track and a second inner-spiral electrically conductive track separated from the second outer-spiral electrically conductive track by a second dielectric material may also be provided. The first outer-spiral electrically conductive track may be electrically coupled to the second outer-spiral electrically conductive track and the first inner-spiral electrically conductive track may be electrically coupled to the second inner-spiral electrically conductive track. The first outer-spiral conductive track is laterally offset relative to the second outer-spiral conductive track and the first inner-spiral conductive track is laterally offset relative to the second inner-spiral conductive track.
US08836452B2
A tuner module includes a tuner module substrate having a tuner function part formed thereon, a case body having a shielding function of holding and incorporating at least the tuner module substrate, a circuit board on which the tuner module substrate is mounted, and at least one antenna connector to be fixed to the case body and having a core wire connected to the tuner module substrate incorporated in the case body. A part of the circuit board is contained inside the case body.
US08836451B2
A wideband high frequency bandpass filter uses a metamaterial transmission line composed of an open-circuit resonator and a short-circuit resonator to realize a bandpass filter at the band of 60 GHz. The bandpass filter has an ultra-wide passband resulting from the coupling of the two resonators in the resonant modes thereof. The ultra wide passband formed by resonance coupling includes a left-handed passband and a right-handed passband. The two passbands jointly provides a passband ranging from 57.4 GHz to 63.6 GHz and having a bandwidth of 6.2 GHz. The stopbands of the bandpass filter are respectively extended downward from 57.4 GHz to the DC current and extended upward from 63.6 GHz to 109.4 GHz. The bandpass filter of the present invention can be applied to wireless transmission at the band of 60 GHz.
US08836449B2
In one aspect of the present invention, an integrated wafer level package includes a first wafer and a second wafer spaced apart to define a first gap therebetween, a first bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filter disposed on the first wafer and a second BAW filter disposed on the second wafer, where the second BAW filter faces directly the first BAW filter to define a second gap therebetween, a seal ring disposed between the first wafer and the second wafer in the first gap such that a seal is formed surrounding the first BAW filter and the second BAW filter and defining a cavity between the seal ring and the first BAW filter and the second BAW filter, and at least one external contact accessible externally to the wafer level package and electrically coupled to at least one of the first BAW filter and the second BAW filter.
US08836447B2
A tuner includes a plurality of paths, and at least one of the paths includes a front-end filter circuit, an amplifier, and a trace filter. The trace filter includes a varactor and an inductor, which are coupled to an output end of the amplifier. Further, the amplifier and the varactor of the tuner are packed in a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) chip.
US08836441B2
A surface mount piezoelectric oscillator includes a piezoelectric resonator with a container main body, a plurality of external terminals, a mounting board with an IC chip, a plurality of connecting terminals, and a solder ball. The solder ball bonds the plurality of external terminals and the plurality of connecting terminals by melting and hardening. The solder bonding portion has approximately a circular shape with approximately a same size as a size of the connecting terminal of the mounting board. The solder ball placed on the connecting terminal of the mounting board is melted, self-aligned, and hardened so as to form a solder fillet of nearly axial symmetry. The solder fillet bridges between the both electrodes and bonds the connecting terminal of the mounting board and the solder bonding portion of the external terminal of the piezoelectric resonator.
US08836439B2
A geometrically modifiable resonator is comprised of a resonator disposed on a substrate, and a means for geometrically modifying the resonator. The geometrically modifiable resonator can achieve active optical and/or electronic control of the frequency response in metamaterials and/or frequency selective surfaces, potentially with sub-picosecond response times. Additionally, the methods taught here can be applied to discrete geometrically modifiable circuit components such as inductors and capacitors. Principally, controlled conductivity regions, using either reversible photodoping or voltage induced depletion activation, are used to modify the geometries of circuit components, thus allowing frequency tuning of resonators without otherwise affecting the bulk substrate electrical properties. The concept is valid over any frequency range in which metamaterials are designed to operate.
US08836431B2
In a representative embodiment, a multiple mode power amplifier that is operable in a first power mode and a second power mode. The multiple mode power amplifier comprises a first amplifying unit; a second amplifying unit; a first impedance matching network connected to an output port of the first amplifying unit; a second impedance matching network connected to an output port of the second amplifying unit and to the first impedance matching network; and a third impedance matching network connected to the output ports of the first and the second amplifying units. The third impedance matching network reduces a phase difference between signals amplified by the first and the second amplifying units in the first mode.
US08836424B2
An amplifier circuit includes a gain controller, a first amplifier, and a second amplifier which is coupled in series to the first amplifier, the second amplifier comprising a plurality of amplifying units. The gain controller is configured to receive a desired gain value and provide, based on the received desired gain value, a gain adjust signal to the first amplifier, and activate, based on the received desired gain value, a certain combination of amplifying units of the plurality of amplifying units of the second amplifier, such that a combined gain of the first amplifier and the active amplifying units of the second amplifier corresponds to the received desired gain value.
US08836418B2
A switch circuit, a control circuit, a grounding wire and a control wire are formed on a substrate. The switch circuit connects an antenna terminal with one of multiple high frequency terminals. The control circuit outputs a control signal to the switch circuit. The grounding wire is disposed between the switch circuit and the control circuit and extends from a location proximate to an edge of the substrate to a location proximate to an opposite edge of the substrate. The control wire that carries the control signal is disposed between one end of the grounding wire and an edge of the semiconductor substrate.
US08836416B2
Embodiments of the present invention may include a filter with programmable components, a tuning signal generator, a comparator, and a feedback system. The tuning signal generator may input first and second test signals into the filter and the comparator may sample the output of the filter in response to each respective signal. The comparator may then compare the sampled outputs to predetermined values. In response to the comparator's output, the feedback system may vary the programmable components of the filter until the search of the programmable components is exhausted, yielding first and second tuning results. Finally, the feedback system may determine a final tuning result based on the first and second tuning results. Consequently, the filter's actual corner frequency may be within an acceptable range of a desired corner frequency.
US08836415B2
A control circuit includes a basic input output system (BIOS) chip, an embedded controller (EC), and a regulation unit. The BIOS chip outputs control signals corresponding to various operating frequencies of an electronic element. A digital-to-analog conversion unit of the EC receives the control signals, and outputs different types of analog voltages to the regulation unit. The regulation unit provides a proper voltage to the electronic element in relation to the operating frequency of the electronic element.
US08836414B2
A device that includes at least one current consuming component. The device is characterized by including a compensation circuit adapted to compare between a voltage level at a sensing point within an integrated circuit and between a reference voltage derived from a voltage peak level at the sensing point; and to selectively increase the voltage at the sensing point in response to the comparison. A method for compensating for voltage drops in an integrated circuit, the method includes providing at least a first supply voltage to an integrated circuit; the method is characterized by including: comparing between a voltage level at a sensing point within an integrated circuit to a reference voltage derived from a voltage peak level at the sensing point; and selectively increasing the voltage at the sensing point in response to the comparison.
US08836409B1
An apparatus includes: a switch having a first transistor, the first transistor having a gate, wherein the switch is connected between a first pad and a second pad; and a first biasing circuit coupled to the gate of the first transistor, wherein the first biasing circuit is configured for outputting a first voltage, the first voltage being the lowest one of (1) a voltage of the first pad, (2) a voltage of the second pad, and (3) a ground voltage; wherein the gate of the first transistor is driven by the first voltage from the first biasing circuit in response to an enable signal being set for configuring the switch to be off.
US08836407B1
A cross coupled NMOS transistors providing a negative gm transistor feedback allows a mixer to saturate at a reduced input signal swing voltage when compared to a conventional mixer allowing the mixer to enter into the current mode operation at a reduced signal input voltage range. The linearity of the baseband signal path can be traded against the mixer gain and is improved if the signal swing in the baseband signal path is reduced. The input mixer transistors operate in the saturated mode at a reduced input signal swing voltage causing the power efficiency of the system to increase since the transmit chain operates at a class-D power efficient. Efficiency is very important in mobile applications to save and extend the battery power of a mobile phone providing a better utilization of the available power since most of that power is supplied to the energy of the outgoing modulated signal.
US08836406B2
A level shifter includes a latch supplied at a first voltage VDD1. First and second switches are connected in series with first and second latches and are cross-coupled to maintain the state of the latches during a stability period. A controller responds to a change of state of an input signal at a voltage different from the first voltage at an end of the stability period to deactivate both the first and second switches, to cause third and fourth switches to deactivate both the first and second latches during a transition period, and subsequently to change the state of the latch and maintain the changed state during the subsequent stability period. This avoids undesirable compromise between current consumption and transfer delay, as in a conventional level shifter.
US08836401B2
An apparatus for controlling retention of data includes a logic circuit, a retention control cell circuit, and an I/O cell circuit. The logic circuit generates at least one retention enable signal before a chip enters a reduced power mode. The retention control cell circuit latches the retention enable signal and outputs a retention enable control signal based on a first power signal of the logic circuit and a detection result of a second power signal for input/output (I/O). And, the I/O cell circuit latches data based on the retention control signal.
US08836400B2
In an embodiment of the invention, a flip-flop circuit contains a 2-input multiplexer, a master latch, a transfer gate and a slave latch. The scan enable control signals SE and SEN of the multiplexer determine whether data or scan data is input to the master latch. Clock signals CKT and CLKZ and retention control signals RET and RETN determine when the master latch is latched. The slave latch is configured to receive the output of the master latch, a second data bit D2, the clock signals CKT and CLN, the retain control signals RET and RETN, the slave control signals SS and SSN. The signals CKT, CLKZ, RET, RETN, SS, SSN and PREN determine whether the output of the master latch or the second data bit D2 is latched in the slave latch. Control signals RET and RETN determine when data is stored in the slave latch during retention mode.
US08836393B2
Systems and methods for synchronization of clock signals are disclosed. In a feedback system such as a delay-lock loop circuit, delays to be applied can be determined adaptively based on a phase difference between a reference signal and a clock signal being delayed. Such adaptive decisions can be made during each feedback cycle, thereby making it possible to achieve a phase lock faster and more efficiently. In some embodiments, such adaptive functionality can be incorporated into existing circuits with minimal impact.
US08836392B2
A Micro Electrical Mechanical System (MEMS) oscillator supplies a MEMS clock signal to a digital locked loop that generates an output clock signal having a frequency that corresponds to a desired frequency ratio between the MEMS oscillator output signal and the digital locked loop output signal. The frequency ratio may be determined, at least in part, as a function of temperature.
US08836378B2
Provided is a direct sampling circuit in which signal mixing between systems is avoided, even when signal systems in which time sharing is integrated are used together by time sharing. History capacitors (153, 155) are connected at a preceding step to a switched capacitor filter (160) for each system, buffer capacitors (173, 175) are connected at a subsequent step to the switched capacitor filter (160) for each system, and the history capacitors and buffer capacitors, which are connected to a rotation capacitor of the switched capacitor filter (160), are switched for each time-sharing system that is input.
US08836376B2
A comparator includes: a differential amplifier of which operational state is switched in response to a clock-signal, and which outputs a first intermediate-output corresponding to a first input-signal and a second intermediate-output corresponding to a second input-signal; a differential latch circuit of which operational state is switched in response to the clock-signal, and a state of which is changed depending on the first intermediate-output and the second intermediate-output; a first adjuster configured to adjust a threshold of the differential latch circuit with respect to a change of a state of the first intermediate-output and a change of a state of the second intermediate-output; and a second adjuster configured to adjust a threshold variation of the differential latch circuit with respect to a change of a state of the first intermediate-output and a change of a state of the second intermediate-output.
US08836375B2
A comparator apparatus includes an amplifier and one or more latched comparators connected to the amplifier that compares input voltage signals to predefined reference voltage signals. The comparator apparatus includes an offset that limits the minimum input differential voltage signal with respect to the predefined voltage signals. A calibration component is electrically connected to the latched comparator and assists in continuously measuring and compensating the offset.
US08836371B2
Methods and systems are disclosed for reduced coupling between digital signal lines. For disclosed embodiments, return-to-zero signaling is dynamically blocked so that high logic levels remain high through entire clock cycles where the next data to be output is also at high logic levels. The dynamically blocked return-to-zero signaling reduces capacitive coupling between digital signal lines, such as clock and data signal lines, that are in close proximity to each other by reducing current flow that would otherwise occur with return-to-zero signaling. The dynamically blocked return-to-zero signaling can be used in a wide variety of environments and implementations.
US08836370B2
A semiconductor apparatus includes a power supply changing unit. The power supply changing unit is configured to receive an enable signal and power supply voltage, generate first voltage or second voltage according to the enable signal, change a voltage level of the second voltage according to a level signal, and supply the first voltage or the second voltage as a driving voltage of an internal circuit, wherein the internal circuit receives a first input signal to output a second input signal.
US08836367B2
A signal transceiver includes a connector for receiving a signal, a band-pass filter coupled to the connector for filtering the signal, a front-end module for demodulating the signal and an adaptive impedance switch circuit coupled between the band-pass filter and the front-end module for switching an impedance value between the band-pass filter and the front-end module.
US08836364B2
A voltage test device used in liquid crystal display (LCD) panels, including test solder pads and test lines, is proposed. The test solder pads are connected to an LCD panel through the test lines. Each of the test lines includes a switch test line and a signal-inputting test line. The voltage test device further includes a first connector. The switch test line includes a first portion of the switch test line and a second portion of the switch test line. The first portion of the switch test line is connected to the second portion of the switch test line through the first connector. The first connector is used for preventing the electric current in excess of a predetermined threshold from flowing inside the LCD panel. Meanwhile, a voltage testing system used in LCD panels is proposed.
US08836336B2
First electromagnetic data is acquired for a subterranean structure using a first survey technique, and second electromagnetic data is acquired for the subterranean structure using a second, different survey technique in which static positioning of at least one electromagnetic source is employed. The first and second electromagnetic data are combined to characterize the subterranean structure.
US08836328B2
NMR measurements are made along with acoustic measurements using one tool. The antenna of the NMR sensor is used to create acoustic signals. Interference between the acoustic and NMR measurements is avoided due to the frequency difference, and by having the acoustic excitation during a wait time of the NMR pulse sequence.
US08836323B2
A slue position sensing system and method of modifying a machine to include such a slue position sensing system are disclosed. The slue position sensing system may include a swing sensor housing disposed between a swing motor and a swing drive. The swing sensor housing may be coupled to a rotary position sensor that indirectly detects rotation of the target gear or a speed sensor that directly detects rotation of the target gear. For embodiments with no target gear, but with upper and lower frames rotatably coupled together by a ring gear and a swing gear, the sensor may be a rotary position sensor mounted to a slip ring assembly and magnet that are connected to a hydraulic swivel between the upper and lower frames or the sensor may be a speed sensor that detects rotation of the swing gear. The sensors generate a signal that is communicated to a controller or an ECM that accurately reflects the angular movement imparted to the work implement by the swing drive.
US08836306B2
An integrated circuit device for delivering power to a load includes a controller circuit, a cascade circuit, and a power delivery circuit. The controller circuit generates a plurality of control signals. The cascade circuit receives the control signals from the controller circuit and sequentially outputs the control signals onto a cascade bus. The power delivery circuit receives the control signals from the controller circuit and delivers an amount of current to the load, in response to one of the control signals.
US08836305B2
Based upon a detection voltage VL that develops between ISEN+ and ISEN− terminals, a current detection circuit detects a coil current IL that flows through an inductor. A measurement circuit is connected to an inductor, and measures an inductance value L and a DC resistance value RDC of the inductor in a calibration operation before normal operation of a DC/DC converter. Based upon the inductance value L and the DC resistance value RDC thus measured, the current detection circuit detects the coil current IL using the detection voltage VL.
US08836295B2
A load driving device disclosed in the specification includes a power supply circuit for supplying to a load an output voltage converted from an input voltage, a detection voltage generation circuit for generating a detection voltage which varies depending on a magnitude of a voltage drop which across the load, and a control circuit for controlling the power supply circuit so that it performs output feedback control of the output voltage, on the basis of the detection voltage.
US08836285B2
Provided is a power management system capable of controlling charge and discharge of storage batteries according to power requirement of load even when handling electric power of large scale. A system controller receives load-related information data including the power requirement of load and storage battery-related information data including a state of a storage battery assembly including multiple storage batteries and creates an overall charge-discharge control instruction for the entire power management system based on the load-related information data and the storage battery-related information data. A hierarchical charge-discharge control apparatus receives the overall charge-discharge control instruction from the system controller and performs charge-discharge control of the multiple storage batteries, classified into hierarchical levels, on a hierarchical level basis.
US08836281B2
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a computer manages an electric vehicle charging transaction. A set of principals is identified associated with the charging transaction for an electric vehicle. A principal is an entity having an interest in the charging transaction. Electric vehicle charging information is retrieved from a set of sources. An energy transaction plan is generated during a pre-charge phase using the electric vehicle charging information and based on preferences of one or more principals to govern the charging transaction. The computer initiates a charging phase of the electric vehicle charging transaction for an electric vehicle connected to a charging station according to the energy transaction plan. The charging phase comprises charging the electric vehicle with electricity, storing electricity in the electric vehicle, and removing electricity to de-charge the electric vehicle. The computer settles the financial obligations among principals according to the energy transaction plan.
US08836276B2
A device includes a battery that is operable to power the device. A power generating mechanism includes a diaphragm that generates power when the diaphragm vibrates. The diaphragm vibrates in response to force being exerted upon the diaphragm. Control circuitry of the electronic device utilizes the generated power to charge the battery. In some implementations, the power generating mechanism includes a force focusing guide that directs and/or focuses the force onto the diaphragm. In various implementations, the power generating mechanism may includes a wire coil that moves with respect to a magnet when the diaphragm vibrates, causing power to generate within the wire coil. In various other implementations, the power generating mechanism includes a piezoelectric element that is positioned adjacent to the diaphragm and is compressed and/or decompressed by vibration of the diaphragm, causing power to generate within the piezoelectric element.
US08836274B2
A system and method are described for displaying battery condition information on a display of a portable computer. After powering on the portable computer, battery condition information of a battery of the portable computer is retrieved. The retrieved battery condition information is displayed on the display of the portable computer and operating system (OS) loaded into an executable memory of the portable computer is executed.
US08836262B2
In a method for the determination of a current initial rotational position of a rotor and in an arrangement for carrying out same, an incremental position encoder outputs an output signal. The output signal is produced by superposition of a chronologically random and systematically fluctuating signal interference on a basic signal, and composed of at least two component signals which change periodically in accordance with the rotational position of the rotor and are in a fixed angular relationship to one another. To determine the position, the output signal is used exclusively. The current initial rotational position of the rotor relative to a reference initial rotational position is determined by comparing the time profile of the portion of the systematically fluctuating signal interference of a current measured value sequence of the signal and the measured values of a signal sequence acquired starting from the reference initial rotational position.
US08836257B2
A household appliance including a fan speed controller, and a method of controlling fan speed of a household appliance, are provided. The system includes a fan speed controller that cut a voltage to the fan motor, measures an electromotive force (EMF) of the fan motor at a predetermined time after the cutting of the voltage to the fan motor, and compares the measured electromotive force (EMF) to a table.
US08836255B2
A control device that controls an electric motor drive device including a DC/AC conversion section that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage using a detected angle detected by a resolver provided in an AC electric motor to supply the resulting AC voltage to the AC electric motor. The control device includes a correction information acquisition section that acquires first correction information on the basis of the rotational speed, and that acquires the second correction information on the basis of the modulation rate at the angle acquisition time point in the case where the rotational speed at the angle acquisition time point is less than the rotational speed threshold. A detected angle correction section corrects the detected angle on the basis of the correction information acquired by the correction information acquisition section.
US08836246B2
A photo-controlled light includes an electrical power input port configured to receive electrical power, a light emitting unit that is connected to the electrical power input port and a photosensitive timer module that connects the light emitting unit to the electrical power input port. The photosensitive timer module includes a photosensitive switch unit including a photosensitive element, a control switch and a timing switch unit. The timing switch unit is coupled to the photosensitive switch unit and is configured to connect only the electrical power input port to the light emitting unit for a conduction time frame responsive to the photosensitive switch unit detecting that the light level is less than the luminosity threshold value so that the photosensitive timer module transmits electricity during the conduction time frame when the luminosity detected by the photosensitive element is less than the luminosity threshold value.
US08836245B2
A solid state lamp, such as one that can replace an incandescent light bulb, has a base portion having an electrical connector for connection to a source of power, such as an Edison-type connector for connection to the mains voltage. An AC/DC converter in the base converts the mains voltage to a suitable light emitting diode (LED) drive voltage. A plurality of receptacles on the base connects to electrodes of plug-in modules. Each plug-in module supports a plurality of low power LEDs connected in series. The strings of LEDs on different modules are connected in parallel when connected to the receptacles. The modules and base are configured to allow a user to operate the lamp with different combinations of modules to generate a desired light output from the lamp. For example, the user can recreate the lumens equivalent of a 20 W, 40 W, or 60 W bulb by using one, two, or three modules.
US08836224B2
Disclosed is a compact inverter plug that can be used with LED lighting strings. The converter plug has a size and shape that is comparable to a standard wall plug and is capable of plugging into a standard wall socket. The converter plug is waterproof and can be easily assembled. A unique converter circuit is utilized that is compact and highly efficient. Monitoring is performed by a transformer coil that generates a monitoring signal. The converter is controlled by controlling the modulation frequency of a direct current signal using a controller.
US08836222B1
Methods, apparatuses and systems for adaptive light projection are described herein. According to embodiments of the disclosure, optical data of a physical space around a user is received. Light from a light source is then projected onto a projection area that is determined based, at least in part, on the received optical data.User commands may include requests to locate and/or track objects within the physical space around the user. User commands may comprise a combination of the audible user command and a physical user gesture—e.g., a gesture identifying an object or a surface to receive the projected light.
US08836217B2
A mercury-free metal halide lamp for a vehicle according to an embodiment includes an airtight vessel 1 provided with a light-emitting part 11 with a discharge space 111 inside, a metal halide 2 and a rare gas sealed in the discharge space 111, and a pair of electrodes 32 disposed so that the tip ends of the respective electrodes 32 face each other in the discharge space 111. The electrodes 32 and the discharge space 111 do not contain thorium. When an electric power supplied to the lamp during a stable lighting period is represented by P (W), a value obtained by adding up the electric power supplied to the lamp during a period between 1 second and 40 seconds after the startup of the lamp is represented by WL (W), and the diameter of the electrodes 32 is represented by D (mm), P (W) satisfies 20≦P≦30 and WL/D (W/mm) satisfies 4300≦WL/D≦7400.
US08836209B2
A display apparatus includes a backlight unit which generates first light including first blue light, first green light and first red light and a display panel which receives the first light to display an image, where the backlight unit includes: a light emitting diode which generates an ultraviolet ray; a fluorescent substance layer disposed on the light emitting diode, where the fluorescent substance layer includes: a blue fluorescent substance layer which receives the ultraviolet ray and emits blue light; a green fluorescent substance layer which receives the ultraviolet ray and emits green light; and a red fluorescent substance layer which receives the ultraviolet ray and emits red light; and a first band-pass filter which receives the blue light, the green light and the red light and outputs the first blue light, the first green light and the first red light.
US08836204B2
Disclosed is an organic EL illumination device—which is provided with: an organic EL element (13) on a glass substrate (10); and a plurality of anode terminal electrodes (11) and cathode terminal electrodes (12) for evenly supplying current to the aforementioned organic EL element (13) on the aforementioned glass substrate (10)—wherein the organic EL illumination device is provided with a wiring board (1) to which a circuit having anode wiring (1a) corresponding to the position of each of the aforementioned anode terminal electrodes (11), and a circuit having cathode wiring (1b) corresponding to the position of each of the aforementioned cathode terminal electrodes (12) are formed.
US08836202B2
A piezoelectric device system has a first piezoelectric element, a proof mass, a second piezoelectric element, and a microstructure output portion. The first piezoelectric element is oscillated by a power source. The proof mass is disposed between the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element, and transmits the vibration from the first piezoelectric element to the second piezoelectric element so as to make the second piezoelectric element move and generate power. The microstructure output portion is disposed on the other side of the second piezoelectric element opposite to the proof mass for transmitting the power generated by the second piezoelectric element.
US08836199B2
A power generation unit includes a deforming member adapted to repeatedly deform a piezoelectric element, a pair of electrodes provided to the piezoelectric element, an inductor disposed between the pair of electrodes, and constituting a resonant circuit together with a capacitive component of the piezoelectric element, a first switch connected in series to the inductor, a member adapted to detect a timing at which a deformation direction of the deforming member is switched, a full bridge rectifier adapted to rectify a current output from the pair of electrodes, a capacitor connected to the full bridge rectifier, and adapted to store a current supplied from the full bridge rectifier, a second switch connected between either one of the pair of electrodes and the capacitor, and a control circuit adapted to operate the first switch and the second switch.
US08836196B2
Electrical machines, for example transverse flux machines and/or commutated flux machines, may be configured to achieve increased efficiency, increased output torque, and/or reduced operating losses via use of laminated materials, for example laminated materials configured with cuts and/or segmentations. Segmentations may also assist with manufacturability, mechanical retention of components, and the like.
US08836192B2
In the axial gap rotating electrical machine, the rotor includes a rotor yoke that is formed by wrapping amorphous ribbon wound toroidal core, which is obtained by winding an amorphous magnetic metal ribbon into a toroidal core. Magnets having plural poles are circumferentially disposed on a stator-facing surface of the amorphous ribbon wound toroidal core.
US08836191B2
A power generation apparatus includes a housing that contains a driving unit of the expander within a space enclosed by a partition wall, and a magnetic coupling that is divided between the inside and outside of the housing through the partition wall and that transmits the rotational driving force of the expander to the exterior of the housing. The magnetic coupling includes driving-side magnets and slave-side magnets, and first and second magnetic path formation members respectively magnetically connect the driving-side magnets and also the slave-side magnets.
US08836188B2
A motor with an internal driver having a shell, having a stator, a rotor and a drive shaft attached to said rotor in an internal thereof; a front cover; a rear cover; ends of a drive shaft penetrating through holes of the front and rear covers to the external. The inner surface of the rear cover includes outer and inner circumferential walls and a receiving space defined by the outer and inner circumferential walls and the inner surface of the rear cover. A driver is provided within said receiving space and the outer surface of the rear cover is provided with a bearing slot to receive a bearing. An inner diameter of the inner circumferential wall is greater than the drive shaft. Said inner diameter of said inner circumferential wall is smaller than the annular diameter of the bearing in the bearing slot.
US08836183B2
In a rotating machine, a recording disk is mounted on a hub. A base rotatably supports the hub through a bearing unit. A core is fixed to the base and includes an annular portion and a salient pole radially extending therefrom. A coil is formed by winding a wire around the salient pole. The wire is pulled out to the back surface of the base through a pull-out hole provided in the base and soldered to a wiring.
US08836182B2
A ring-shaped back yoke and a ring-shaped magnet are provided on a bottom surface of a ring-shaped opening part formed at a central portion of an alignment ring of a turntable part. The back yoke is provided with a protruding pawl which protrudes in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the back yoke, and the alignment ring is provided with a through hole into which the protruding pawl is inserted when mounting the back yoke to the alignment ring. The protruding pawl of the back yoke and an upper surface of a rotor frame are fixed together using an adhesive.
US08836180B2
A generator motor cooling structure for cooling a generator motor, which includes a housing storing an input/output shaft to which a rotor is attached and a stator disposed at an outer periphery portion of the rotor, by a cooling medium, includes: a protrusion portion that protrudes toward the rotor from a surface at a side of the housing of an end side member disposed at one end portion of the housing in a direction of a central rotation axis of the input/output shaft, wherein the protrusion portion is provided on an inner side of a coil of the stator in a radial direction, on an outer side of a bearing attached to the input/output shaft in the radial direction, in at least a partial region on a periphery of the central rotation axis.
US08836179B2
A system to harvest energy from shaft rotation includes a housing, a curved shaft disposed within the housing, and a magnetostrictive material embedded in the housing. A rotation of the curved shaft strains the magnetostrictive material, generating an electrical current in a conductor disposed proximate to the magnetostrictive material.
US08836177B2
A VCM (voice coil motor) is disclosed, the VCM including: a rotor including a lens-accommodating, both ends opened cylindrical bobbin and a coil block including a coil wound on a periphery of the bobbin; a stator including a cylindrical yoke formed with a lens-exposing opening, a plurality of magnets disposed inside the yoke and opposite to the coil block, and a magnet fixing member disposed inside the yoke to fix the plurality of magnets; and an elastic member elastically supporting the bobbin.
US08836176B2
An apparatus for metered supply of a liquid medicament having a power supply which not only allows the primary battery to be replaced without interrupting the insulin supply, but also makes it possible to bridge uncontrolled short-term interruptions in the current supply or voltage supply resulting from bouncing of the battery contacts, while also providing an adequate emergency power reserve is disclosed.
US08836175B1
A system includes a rack, one or more computing devices, and one or more rack power distribution units. The computing devices include one or more power supply units. The rack power distribution units include a set of power output receptacles. A set of power inputs on the power supply units matches the set of output receptacles on the rack power distribution units.
US08836174B2
An additional miniature switch or jumper switch to be integrated within the power connector of any device that is using transformer but that does not need to be connected to it all the time. The energy saving switch will disconnect the primary winding of the transformer from the voltage source when the device does not need to be powered. The energy saving switch could also be integrated within the turn-on/off circuit of any devices that is using transformer continuously plugged to a voltage source to power the device that may be turned-off either with an interrupter (mechanical or even electronically with remote control). The energy saving switch operates when a transformer is not in use but still wasting energy while connected to a voltage supply. The energy saving switch will simply disconnect the primary winding of the transformer when no device is connected or when the device is turned-off.
US08836173B2
A method and apparatus for autonomously switching off a domestic appliance after completion of a previously selected program is disclosed. The domestic appliance has a control device that executes programs controlling the domestic appliance and an operating unit. The domestic appliance is connected to electrical energy from a power source through circuit arrangement comprising a terminal connection and first and second switches. The first electrical switch is separate from the second switch and can be switched from an open state to a closed state in which the switch is electrically conductive to connect the control device to the electrical energy. The control device is designed to switch the second switch from an open state to a closed state in which the control device is connected to electrical energy through the second switch as soon as the first switch is switched to the closed switching state.
US08836163B2
An adaptive controller for a static compensator (STATCOM) to enhance voltage stability comprises an outer voltage regulator loop and an inner current regulator loop. Each of the outer loop and the inner loop comprises a proportional integral controller. The outer loop adjusts proportional and integral control gains of voltage regulator. The inner loop adjusts proportional arid integral parts of current regulator gains. The automatic adjustment of these regulator gains is adaptively determined such that the voltage at the controlled bus follows a desired voltage, reference curve over time returning to a desired steady-state condition under various disturbances such as changes in load and/or transmission network. Thus, the adaptive controller can achieve a plug-and-play feature for a STATCOM without human intervention.
US08836155B2
A hydrodynamic array comprises multiple hydrodynamic elements, including a tidal modulator, for producing electricity by the motion of ocean tides or river currents and forces acting on the hydrodynamic array, which is immersed in ocean tides or river currents and which is in motion relative to the ocean tides or river currents. A viaduct with mass transit tunnels sits atop the hydrodynamic array.
US08836149B2
Provided are a hybrid substrate, a semiconductor package including the same, and a method for fabricating the semiconductor package. The hybrid substrate may include an insulation layer, and an organic layer. The insulation layer may include a top, a bottom opposite to the top, and a conductive pattern having different pitches. The organic layer may be connected to the bottom of the insulation layer, and may include a circuit pattern connected to the conductive pattern. The conductive pattern may include a first metal pattern, and a second conductive pattern. The first metal pattern may have a first pitch, and may be disposed in the top of the insulation layer. The second conductive pattern may have a second pitch greater than the first pitch, and may be extended from the first metal pattern to be connected to the circuit pattern through the insulation layer.
US08836146B2
A chip package includes a semiconductor substrate, a first metal pad over the semiconductor substrate, and a second metal pad over the semiconductor substrate. In a case, the first metal pad is tape automated bonded thereto, and the second metal pad is solder bonded thereto. In another case, the first metal pad is tape automated bonded thereto, and the second metal pad is wirebonded thereto. In another case, the first metal pad is solder bonded thereto, and the second metal pad is wirebonded thereto. In another case, the first metal pad is bonded to an external circuitry using an anisotropic conductive film, and the second metal pad is solder bonded thereto. In another case, the first metal pad is bonded to an external circuitry using an anisotropic conductive film, and the second metal pad is wirebonded thereto.
US08836145B2
A semiconductor device that includes an electrode of one material and a conductive material of lower resistivity formed over the electrode and a process for fabricating the semiconductor device.
US08836137B2
A 3D stacked multichip module comprises a stack of W IC die. Each die has a patterned conductor layer, including an electrical contact region with electrical conductors and, in some examples, device circuitry over a substrate. The electrical conductors of the stacked die are aligned. Electrical connectors extend into the stack to contact landing pads on the electrical conductors to create a 3D stacked multichip module. The electrical connectors may pass through vertical vias in the electrical contact regions. The landing pads may be arranged in a stair stepped arrangement. The stacked multichip module may be made using a set of N etch masks with 2N-1 being less than W and 2N being greater than or equal to W, with the etch masks alternatingly covering and exposing 2n-1 landing pads for each mask n=1, 2 . . . N.
US08836128B1
A spacer etching process produces ultra-narrow conductive lines in a plurality of semiconductor dice. Sub-lithographic patterning of the conductive lines are compatible with existing aluminum and copper backend processing. A first dielectric is deposited onto the semiconductor dice and trenches are formed therein. A conductive film is deposited onto the first dielectric and the trench surfaces. All planar conductive film is removed from the faces of the semiconductor dice and bottoms of the trenches, leaving only conductive films on the trench walls, whereby “fence conductors” are created therefrom. Thereafter the gap between the conductive films on the trench walls are filled in with insulating material. A top portion of the insulated gap fill is thereafter removed to expose the tops of the fence conductors. Portions of the fence conductors and surrounding insulating materials are removed at appropriate locations to produce desired conductor patterns comprising isolated fence conductors.
US08836126B2
A semiconductor device includes an insulating layer formed over a semiconductor substrate, the insulating layer including oxygen, a first wire formed in the insulating layer, and a second wire formed in the insulating layer over the first wire and containing manganese, oxygen, and copper, the second wire having a projection portion formed in the insulating layer and extending downwardly but spaced apart from the first wire.
US08836120B2
A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor chip, a contact pad of the semiconductor chip and a first layer arranged over the contact pad. The first layer includes niobium, tantalum or an alloy including niobium and tantalum.
US08836119B2
There is provided a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes: a silicon substrate; a copper post connected to one surface of the silicon substrate; a semiconductor element having a linear expansion coefficient different from that of the silicon substrate; a metal layer provided between the semiconductor element and the silicon substrate to cover the copper post; a first alloy layer provided between the copper post and the semiconductor element, wherein the first alloy layer includes alloy of gold and a metal of the metal layer; and a second alloy layer provided between the metal layer and the semiconductor element, wherein the second alloy layer includes alloy of gold and the metal of the metal layer.
US08836118B2
Electronic device packages and related methods are provided. The electronic device package includes a first substrate having a first contact portion disposed thereon, a bump having a first contact surface connected to the first contact portion and a second contact surface disposed opposite to the first contact surface, and a buffer spring pad portion between the first contact portion of the first substrate and the first contact surface of the bump. The buffer spring pad portion includes at least two different conductive material layers which are stacked.
US08836116B2
The embodiments of methods and structures for forming through silicon vias a CMOS substrate bonded to a MEMS substrate and a capping substrate provide mechanisms for integrating CMOS and MEMS devices that use less real-estate and are more reliable. The through silicon vias electrically connect to metal-1 level of the CMOS devices. Copper metal may be plated on a barrier/Cu-seed layer to partially fill the through silicon vias, which saves time and cost. The formation method may involve using dual dielectric layers on the substrate surface as etching mask to eliminate a photolithographical process during the removal of oxide layer at the bottoms of through silicon vias. In some embodiments, the through silicon vias land on polysilicon gate structures to prevent notch formation during etching of the vias.
US08836114B2
A Fo-WLCSP has a first polymer layer formed around a semiconductor die. First conductive vias are formed through the first polymer layer around a perimeter of the semiconductor die. A first interconnect structure is formed over a first surface of the first polymer layer and electrically connected to the first conductive vias. The first interconnect structure has a second polymer layer and a plurality of second vias formed through the second polymer layer. A second interconnect structure is formed over a second surface of the first polymer layer and electrically connected to the first conductive vias. The second interconnect structure has a third polymer layer and a plurality of third vias formed through the third polymer layer. A semiconductor package can be mounted to the WLCSP in a PoP arrangement. The semiconductor package is electrically connected to the WLCSP through the first interconnect structure or second interconnect structure.
US08836107B2
A plastic SON/QFN package (300) for high power has a pair of oblong metal pins (320, 321) exposed from a surface of the plastic (301), the pins straddling a corner (302) of the package; each pin has a long axis (320a, 321a), the long axes of the pair forming a non-orthogonal angle. Package (300) further includes a chip assembly pad (310), acting as a thermal spreader.
US08836105B2
A method of assembling a semiconductor device includes providing a substrate having an array of substrate elements linked by substrate corner elements and separated by slots extending between the corner elements. Semiconductor dies are positioned on the substrate elements. A cap, frame and contact structure is provided that has a corresponding array of caps supported by corner legs linking the caps to frame corner elements, frame elements linking the frame corner elements, and sets of electrical contact elements supported by the frame elements. The cap, frame and contact structure is fitted on the substrate with the caps extending over corresponding dies, the frame corner elements extending over the substrate corner elements, and the sets of electrical contact elements disposed in the slots. The dies are connected electrically with the electrical contact elements and the assembly is encapsulated and singulated. Singulating removes the frame elements.
US08836101B2
Semiconductor packages and method of fabricating them are described. In one embodiment, the semiconductor package includes a substrate having a first and a second die attach pad. A first die is disposed over the first die attach pad. A second die is disposed over the second die attach pad. A third die is disposed between the first and the second die. The third die having a first, a second, and a third portion such that the first portion is disposed above a portion of the first die, the second portion is disposed above a portion of the second die, and the third portion is disposed above an area between the first die and the second die.
US08836094B1
Methods and apparatus are disclosed for forming ultra-thin packages for semiconductor devices on flexible substrates. A flexible substrate may comprise a plurality of insulating layers and redistribution layers. Openings of the flexible substrate may be formed at one side of the flexible substrate, two sides of the flexible substrate, or simply cut through the flexible substrate to divide the flexible substrate into two parts. Connectors may be placed within the opening of the flexible substrate and connected to redistribution layers of the flexible substrate. Dies can be attached to the connectors and electrically connected to the connectors and to the redistribution layers of the flexible substrate. Structure supports may be placed at another side of the flexible substrate on the surface or within an opening.
US08836093B2
The present invention relates to the field of semiconductor chip packages, and more specifically to a lead frame and flip chip package device thereof. In one embodiment, a lead frame for electrically connecting a chip to outside leads, can include a plurality of lead fingers, where each of the plurality of lead fingers comprises a plurality of outburst regions extending from an edge thereof. In one embodiment, a flip chip package device can include: a chip and a plurality of solder bumps, where one surface of the chip is connected to a first surface of each of the plurality of solder bumps; and the lead frame, where second surfaces of each of the plurality solder bumps are connected with corresponding outburst regions of the lead frame to connect the chip to the lead frame through the solder bumps.
US08836086B2
Disclosed is a semiconductor light emitting chip (20) that is composed of: a substrate (10), which has the C plane of a sapphire single crystal as the front surface, and the side surfaces (25, 26) configured of planes that intersect all the planes equivalent to the M plane of the sapphire single crystal, and which includes modified regions (23, 24) in the side surfaces (25, 26), the modified regions being formed by laser radiation; and a light emitting element (12), which is provided on the substrate front surface (10a) of the substrate (10). In the semiconductor light emitting chip, a tilt of the substrate side surfaces with respect to the substrate front surface is suppressed. Also disclosed is a method for processing the substrate.
US08836081B2
Methods of fabricating semiconductor devices or structures include forming structures of a semiconductor material overlying a layer of a compliant material, subsequently changing the viscosity of the compliant material to relax the semiconductor material structures, and utilizing the relaxed semiconductor material structures as a seed layer in forming a continuous layer of relaxed semiconductor material. In some embodiments, the layer of semiconductor material may comprise a III-V type semiconductor material, such as, for example, indium gallium nitride. Novel intermediate structures are formed during such methods. Engineered substrates include a continuous layer of semiconductor material having a relaxed lattice structure.
US08836077B2
A semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes fuse patterns spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance over a first interlayer insulation film; a second interlayer insulation film disposed between the fuse patterns over the first interlayer insulation film; and a capping film pattern formed over the fuse patterns and the second interlayer insulation films, the capping film pattern including a slot exposing the second interlayer insulation film.
US08836071B2
A method of fabricating a Schottky diode using gallium nitride (GaN) materials includes providing an n-type GaN substrate having a first surface and a second surface. The second surface opposes the first surface. The method also includes forming an ohmic metal contact electrically coupled to the first surface of the n-type GaN substrate and forming an n-type GaN epitaxial layer coupled to the second surface of the n-type GaN substrate. The method further includes forming an n-type aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) surface layer coupled to the n-type GaN epitaxial layer and forming a Schottky contact electrically coupled to the n-type AlGaN surface layer.
US08836065B2
According to one embodiment, a solid-state imaging device includes a semiconductor substrate including a pixel area and a peripheral circuit area, an interconnection structure provided on a first principal surface of the semiconductor substrate and including first interconnection layers electrically connected to the peripheral circuit area, a second interconnection layer provided in the peripheral circuit area and on a second principal surface of the semiconductor substrate, a third interconnection layer provided above the second interconnection layer with an insulating layer therebetween, and through electrodes electrically connecting the second interconnection layer to the third interconnection layer.
US08836053B2
A component system includes at least one MEMS element, a cap for a micromechanical structure of the MEMS element, and at least one ASIC substrate. The micromechanical structure of the MEMS element is implemented in the functional layer of an SOI wafer. The MEMS element is mounted face down, with the structured functional layer on the ASIC substrate, and the cap is implemented in the substrate of the SOI wafer. The ASIC substrate includes a starting substrate provided with a layered structure on both sides. At least one circuit level is implemented in each case both in the MEMS-side layered structure and in the rear-side layered structure of the ASIC substrate. In the ASIC substrate, at least one ASIC through contact is implemented which electrically contacts at least one circuit level of the rear-side layered structure and/or at least one circuit level of the MEMS-side layered structure.
US08836051B2
A method for producing a semiconductor device includes a first step including forming a planar silicon layer and forming first and second pillar-shaped silicon layers; a second step including forming a gate insulating film around each of the first and second pillar-shaped silicon layers, forming a metal film and a polysilicon film around the gate insulating film, the thickness of the polysilicon film being smaller than half of a distance between the first and second pillar-shaped silicon layers, forming a third resist, and forming a gate line; and a third step including depositing a fourth resist so that a portion of the polysilicon film on an upper side wall of each of the first and second pillar-shaped silicon layers is exposed, removing the exposed portion of the polysilicon film, removing the fourth resist, and removing the metal film to form first and second gate electrodes.
US08836041B2
Silicon germanium regions are formed adjacent gates electrodes over both n-type and p-type regions in an integrated circuit. A hard mask patterned by lithography then protects structures over the p-type region while the silicon germanium is selectively removed from over the n-type region, even under remnants of the hard mask on sidewall spacers on the gate electrode. Silicon germanium carbon is epitaxially grown adjacent the gate electrode in place of the removed silicon germanium, and source/drain extension implants are performed prior to removal of the remaining hard mask over the p-type region structures.
US08836039B2
A semiconductor device includes a high dielectric gate insulating film formed on a substrate, and a metal gate electrode formed on the high dielectric gate insulating film. The metal gate electrode includes a crystalline portion and an amorphous portion. A halogen element is eccentrically located in the amorphous portion.
US08836038B2
A semiconductor structure and methods for forming the same are provided. The semiconductor structure includes a first MOS device of a first conductivity type and a second MOS device of a second conductivity type opposite the first conductivity type. The first MOS device includes a first gate dielectric on a semiconductor substrate; a first metal-containing gate electrode layer over the first gate dielectric; and a silicide layer over the first metal-containing gate electrode layer. The second MOS device includes a second gate dielectric on the semiconductor substrate; a second metal-containing gate electrode layer over the second gate dielectric; and a contact etch stop layer having a portion over the second metal-containing gate electrode layer, wherein a region between the portion of the contact etch stop layer and the second metal-containing gate electrode layer is substantially free from silicon.
US08836037B2
A limited number of cycles of atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Hi-K material followed by deposition of an interlayer dielectric and application of further Hi-K material and optional but preferred annealing provides increased Hi-K material content and increased breakdown voltage for input/output (I/O) transistors compared with logic transistors formed on the same chip or wafer while providing scalability of the inversion layer of the I/O and logic transistors without significantly compromising performance or bias temperature instability (BTI) parameters.
US08836036B2
A method for fabricating a semiconductor device is presented. The method comprises providing a gate stack including a gate dielectric and gate electrode over a substrate. Stressor regions comprising stressor material incorporated into substitutional sites of the substrate are formed within the substrate on opposed sides of the gate stack. A first stressor layer having a first stress value is formed over the semiconductor device after forming the stressor regions followed by an anneal to memorize at least a portion of the first stress value in the semiconductor device, wherein the anneal is conducted at a low temperature.
US08836032B2
According to one exemplary embodiment, a fin-based adjustable resistor includes a fin channel of a first conductivity type, and a gate surrounding the fin channel. The fin-based adjustable resistor also includes first and second terminals of the first conductivity type being contiguous with the fin channel, and being situated on opposite sides of the fin channel. The fin channel is lower doped relative to the first and second terminals. The resistance of the fin channel between the first and second terminals is adjusted by varying a voltage applied to the gate so as to achieve the fin-based adjustable resistor. The gate can be on at least two sides of the fin channel. Upon application of a depletion voltage, the fin channel can be depleted before an inversion is formed in the fin channel.
US08836018B2
A method of fabricating a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) is disclosed. The method includes receiving a semiconductor device precursor. The semiconductor device precursor includes a substrate, source/drain regions on the substrate, dummy gate stacks separating the source/drain regions on the substrate and a doped region under the dummy gate stacks. The dummy gate stack is removed to form a gate trench. The doped region in the gate trench is recessed to form a channel trench. A channel layer is deposited in the channel trench to form a channel region and then a high-k (HK) dielectric layer and a metal gate (MG) are deposited on the channel region.
US08836015B2
A semiconductor power device is supported on a semiconductor substrate with a bottom layer functioning as a bottom electrode and an epitaxial layer overlying the bottom layer as the bottom layer. The semiconductor power device includes a plurality of FET cells and each cell further includes a body region extending from a top surface into the epitaxial layer. The body region encompasses a heavy body dopant region. An insulated gate is disposed on the top surface of the epitaxial layer, overlapping a first portion of the body region. A barrier control layer is disposed on the top surface of the epitaxial layer next to the body region away from the insulated gate. A conductive layer overlies the top surface of the epitaxial layer covering a second portion of the body region and the heavy body dopant region extending over the barrier control layer forming a Schottky junction diode.
US08836013B2
A nonvolatile memory device may include a plurality of channel layers protruded substantially perpendicularly over a substrate having a well region, a structure configured to have a plurality of interlayer insulating layers and a plurality of gate electrodes alternately stacked along each of the plurality of channel layers, a plurality of memory layers interposed respectively between each of the plurality of channel layers and each of the plurality of gate electrodes, a source line formed in the substrate between a plurality of the structures, a plurality of source contact plugs placed between the plurality of structures and connected with the source line, and a well pickup contact plug placed between the plurality of structures and connected with the well region.
US08836010B2
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device including a memory cell configured to store data and a resistor element provided around the memory cell. The memory cell includes a charge storage layer provided above a substrate, a first semiconductor layer formed on a top surface of the charge storage layer via an insulating layer, and a first low resistive layer formed on a top surface of the first semiconductor layer and having resistance lower than that of the first semiconductor layer. The resistor element includes a second semiconductor layer formed on the same layer as the first semiconductor layer, and a second low resistive layer formed on the same layer as the first low resistive layer and on a top surface of the second semiconductor layer, having resistance lower than that of the second semiconductor layer.
US08836006B2
Semiconductor devices and the manufacture of such semiconductor devices are described. According to various aspects of the disclosure, a semiconductor device can include a memory region, a first logic region, and a second logic region. A select gate can be formed in the memory region of the device and a first logic gate formed in the logic region. A charge trapping dielectric can then be disposed and removed from a second logic region. A gate conductor layer can then be disposed on the device and etched to define a memory gate on the sidewall of the select gate and a second logic gate in the second logic region.
US08836000B1
The invention provides a bottom-type perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (pMTJ) element with thermally stable amorphous blocking layers for high-density nonvolatile data storage. The first blocking layer, preferably formed of an amorphous nonmagnetic film, blocks a polycrystalline diffusion barrier layer with a body-center-cubic (bcc) <110> texture in order for the keeper and lower reference layers of the bottom-type pMTJ element to freely grow with a face-centered-cubic (fcc) <111> texture, thereby developing strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). The second blocking layer, preferably formed of an amorphous ferromagnetic film, blocks the keeper and lower reference layers of the bottom-type pMTJ element in order for the upper reference, barrier and storage layers of the bottom-type pMTJ element to freely grow with a <001> texture, thereby exhibiting a strong tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) effect.
US08835986B2
A III-nitride device is provided comprising a semiconductor substrate; a stack of active layers on the substrate, each layer comprising a III-nitride material; a gate, a source and a drain contact on the stack, wherein a gate, a source and a drain region of the substrate are projections of respectively the gate, the source and the drain contact in the substrate; and a trench in the substrate extending from a backside of the substrate (side opposite to the one in contact with the stack of active layers) to an underlayer of the stack of active layers in contact with the substrate, the trench completely surrounding the drain region, being positioned in between an edge of the gate region towards the drain and an edge of the drain region towards the gate and having a width such that the drain region of the substrate is substantially made of the semiconductor material.
US08835985B2
According to an example embodiment, a power electronic device includes a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer on a first surface of the first semiconductor layer, and a source, a drain, and a gate on the second semiconductor layer. The source, drain and gate are separate from one another. The power electronic device further includes a 2-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) region at an interface between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer, a first insulating layer on the gate and a second insulating layer adjacent to the first insulating layer. The first insulating layer has a first dielectric constant and the second insulating layer has a second dielectric constant less than the first dielectric constant.
US08835982B2
An integrated circuit device and method for manufacturing the integrated circuit device is disclosed. The disclosed method provides a processing for forming improved lightly doped source/drain features and source/drain features in the semiconductor device. Semiconductor device with the improved lightly doped source/drain features and source/drain features may prevent or reduce defects and achieve high strain effect. In at least one embodiment, the lightly doped source/drain features and source/drain features comprises the same semiconductor material formed by epitaxial growth.
US08835979B1
Using a multiple layer, varied composition barrier layer in place of the typical single layer barrier layer of an infrared photodetector results in a device with increased sensitivity and reduced dark current. A first barrier is adjacent the semiconductor contact; a second barrier layer is between the first barrier layer and the absorber layer. The barrier layers may be doped N type or P type with Beryllium, Carbon, Silicon or Tellurium. The energy bandgap is designed to facilitate minority carrier current flow in the contact region and block minority current flow outside the contact region.
US08835978B2
Representative implementations of devices and techniques provide a high-voltage device on a semiconductor substrate. An insulating polymer layer is formed on an opposite surface to the high-voltage device, the insulating polymer layer having a thickness of at least twice that of the semiconductor substrate.
US08835976B2
A method of forming a silicon carbide transient voltage suppressor (TVS) assembly and a system for a transient voltage suppressor (TVS) assembly are provided. The transient voltage suppressor (TVS) assembly includes a semiconductor die including a contact surface on a single side of the die, the die further including a substrate comprising a layer of at least one of an electrical insulator material, a semi-insulating material, and a first wide band gap semiconductor having a conductivity of a first polarity, at least a TVS device including a plurality of wide band gap semiconductor layers formed on the substrate; a first electrode coupled in electrical contact with the TVS device and extending to the contact surface, and a second electrode electrically coupled to the substrate extending to the contact surface.
US08835974B2
A driving device that drives a light emitting thyristor array includes: a first driving circuit operated by a second power source; a scanning circuit including plural stages of scanning thyristors and sequentially scanning the plural stages of light emitting thyristors, a second driving circuit operated by a second power source, generating first and second clock signals for driving the scanning circuit, and outputting the first and second clock signals from first and second clock terminals, respectively, a terminal of an odd numbered stage scanning thyristor is commonly connected to the first clock terminal, another terminal of an even numbered stage scanning thyristor is commonly connected to the second clock terminal, and a control terminal of a first stage scanning thyristor is connected to the second clock terminal via a first resistor.
US08835973B2
Light-emitting elements in which an increase of driving voltage can be suppressed are provided. Light-emitting devices whose power consumption is reduced by including such light-emitting elements are also provided. In a light-emitting element having an EL layer between an anode and a cathode, a first layer in which carriers can be produced is formed between the cathode and the EL layer and in contact with the cathode, a second layer which transfers electrons produced in the first layer is formed in contact with the first layer, and a third layer which injects the electrons received from the second layer into the EL layer is formed in contact with the second layer.
US08835972B2
Provided is a light emitting device. The light emitting device includes a light emitting structure layer including a first conductive type semiconductor layer, a second conductive type semiconductor layer, and an active layer between the first conductive type semiconductor layer and the second conductive type semiconductor layer, a first electrode electrically connected to the first conductive type semiconductor layer, an insulating support member under the light emitting structure layer, and a plurality of conductive layers between the light emitting structure layer and the insulating support member. At least one of the plurality of conductive layers has a width greater than that of the light emitting structure layer and includes a contact part disposed further outward from a sidewall of the light emitting structure layer.
US08835968B2
An LED lens includes a recess disposed in a quadrangular bottom surface of the LED lens and configured to have a light source disposed therein, wherein an internal surface of the recess, including lateral surfaces and top surfaces, is a light incident surface. The LED lens further includes a top surface forming a light exit surface, having a size greater than that of the bottom surface, and having a quadrangular shape; and lateral surfaces of the LED lens, disposed between the top and bottom surfaces of the LED lens, forming a reflective surface, and guiding light incident to the LED lens through the light incident surface to the light exit surface. The top surfaces of the light incident surface form an inverted quadrangular pyramid.
US08835967B2
A nitride-based semiconductor light-emitting device of the present disclosure includes: a semiconductor multilayer structure which includes an active layer that is made of a nitride semiconductor, a principal surface of the nitride semiconductor being a semi-polar plane or a non-polar plane and which has recessed/elevated surfaces including at least either of recessed portions and elevated portions; an electrode covering a side of the semiconductor multilayer structure at which the recessed/elevated surfaces is provided, the electrode being configured to reflect at least part of light emitted from the active layer; and a birefringent substrate provided on a side of the semiconductor multilayer structure which is opposite to the recessed/elevated surfaces, the birefringent substrate being configured to transmit light emitted from the active layer and light reflected by the electrode.
US08835966B2
A semiconductor light-emitting element (1) is provided which includes a semiconductor layer (10), an n-type electrode (18) which is provided on an exposed surface (12a) of an n-type semiconductor layer, wherein an exposed surface is exposed by removing a part of the semiconductor layer (10), a transparent conductive film which is provided on the semiconductor layer (10) and a p-type electrode (17) which is provided on the transparent conductive film; a light-reflecting layer (39) is provided between the semiconductor layer (10) and the transparent conductive film, wherein at least part of the light-reflecting layer overlaps with the p-type electrode (17) in the planar view; the p-type electrode (17) comprises a pad portion (P) and a linear portion (L) which linearly extends from the pad portion (P) and has an annular structure in the planar view; the n-type electrode (18) exists in an inner area which is surrounded by the linear portion (L) and exists on a straight line (L1) which goes through a center (17a) of the pad portion (P) and a center (10a) of the semiconductor layer (10); and the distance (D3) between the center (18a) of the n-type electrode (18) and the center (17a) of the pad portion (P) is greater than or equal to the distance (D4) between the center (17a) of the pad portion (P) and the center (10a) of the semiconductor layer (10).
US08835965B2
A quantum well-based p-i-n light emitting diode is provided that includes nanopillars with an average linear dimension of between 50 nanometers and 1 micron. The nanopillars include a laminar layer of quantum wells capable of non-radiative energy transfer to quantum dot nanocrystals. Quantum dot-Quantum well coupling through the side walls of the nanopillar-configured LED structure achieves a close proximity between quantum wells and quantum dots while retaining the overlying contact electrode structures. A white LED with attractive properties relative to conventional incandescent and fluorescence lighting devices is produced.
US08835958B2
An LED package includes a substrate, two electrodes, an LED die and a lens. The substrate includes a top surface, a bottom surface, a plurality of side surfaces interconnecting the top surface with the bottom surface, and two opposite notches depressed downward from lateral peripheral portions of the top surface. The two electrodes penetrate through the substrate, and each of the two electrodes is exposed at both the top surface and the bottom surface of the substrate. The LED die is arranged on the substrate and electrically connected to the two electrodes. The lens is arranged on the substrate and covers the LED die. The lens includes a contacting surface adjoining the top surface of the substrate, and two protrusions extending from lateral peripheral portions of the contacting surface and respectively embedded in the two notches.
US08835957B2
A light emitting device includes a substrate having a conductive portion; a light emitting element having one or more electrodes on a lower surface side thereof, the electrodes being positioned on the conductive portion of the substrate; a phosphor layer disposed on a surface of the light emitting element and on a peripheral surface area of the conductive portion next to the light emitting element; and a reflection layer covering a part of the phosphor layer disposed on the peripheral surface area of the conductive portion.
US08835956B2
A display substrate includes a substrate, a pixel part, a pad part and a sacrificial electrode. The substrate includes a display area and a peripheral area. The pixel part is on the display area and includes a switching element, and a pixel electrode electrically connected to the switching element. The pad part is on the peripheral area and contacts a terminal of an external device. The pad part includes a pad electrode a contact electrode. The pad electrode includes a first metal layer, and a second metal layer on the first metal layer, and the contact electrode contacts the second metal layer. The sacrificial electrode is spaced apart from the pad electrode and contacts the contact electrode. An exposed portion of the sacrificial electrode is exposed to an external side of the display substrate.
US08835941B2
A display comprises a substrate and a light-emitting device disposed on the substrate, wherein the substrate comprises a semiconducting material and a circuit for controlling the light-emitted from the light-emitting device. A light-emitting device includes a light-emitting material comprising semiconductor nanocrystals and an electrode in electrical connection with the light-emitting material on a side thereof remote from the substrate.
US08835937B2
Disclosed is an optoelectronic component (1) comprising a semiconductor function region (2) with an active zone (400) and a lateral main direction of extension, said semiconductor function region including at least one opening (9, 27, 29) through the active zone, and there being disposed in the region of the opening a connecting conductor material (8) that is electrically isolated (10) from the active zone in at least in a subregion of the opening. Further disclosed are a method for producing such an optoelectronic component and a device comprising a plurality of optoelectronic components. The component and the device can be produced entirely on-wafer.
US08835928B2
A semiconductor device (100) according to the present invention includes a plurality of source lines (16), a thin film transistor (50A), and a diode element (10A) that electrically connects two source lines (16) among the plurality of source lines (16). A connection region (26) in which the source lines (16) and the diode element (10A) are connected to each other includes a first electrode (3), a second electrode (6a), a third electrode (9a), and a fourth electrode (9b). A part of each source line (16) is a source electrode of the thin film transistor (50A), and the second electrode (6a) and the source lines (16) are formed separately from each other.
US08835927B2
A display substrate includes a gate line extended in one direction of a base substrate, a first data line extended in a direction crossing the gate line, a transverse storage line extended in the extending direction of the gate line and crossing the first data line, a longitudinal storage line extended in the extending direction of the first data line and crossing the transverse storage line, a portion of an overlapping area between the longitudinal storage line and the transverse storage line is exposed in a contact part region having an opening partially exposing the transverse storage line. A contact electrode covers the contact part opening and makes electrical contact with each of the transverse storage line and the longitudinal storage line.
US08835913B2
A transistor structure comprises a patterned N-type transparent oxide semiconductor formed over a substrate as a base, and a patterned p-type organic polymer semiconductor formed on the patterned N-type transparent oxide semiconductor comprising a first portion and a second portion so that the patterned N-type transparent oxide semiconductor and the first portion and the second portion of the patterned p-type organic polymer semiconductor form heterojunctions therebetween respectively, wherein the first portion of the patterned p-type organic polymer semiconductor is used as an emitter, and the second portion of the patterned p-type organic polymer semiconductor is used as a collector.
US08835906B2
A sensor includes: a base wafer containing silicon; a seed member provided directly or indirectly on the base wafer; and a photothermal absorber that is made of a Group 3-5 compound semiconductor lattice-matching or pseudo lattice-matching the seed member and being capable of generating a carrier upon absorbing light or heat, where the photothermal absorber outputs an electric signal in response to incident light to be introduced into the photothermal absorber or heat to be applied to the photothermal absorber. A semiconductor wafer includes: a base wafer containing silicon; a seed member provided directly or indirectly on the base wafer; and a photothermal absorber that is made of a Group 3-5 compound semiconductor lattice-matching or pseudo lattice-matching the seed member and being capable of generating a carrier upon absorbing light or heat.
US08835899B2
A graphene electronic device and a method of fabricating the graphene electronic device are provided. The graphene electronic device may include a graphene channel layer formed on a hydrophobic polymer layer, and a passivation layer formed on the graphene channel layer. The hydrophobic polymer layer may prevent or reduce adsorption of impurities to transferred graphene, and a passivation layer may also prevent or reduce adsorption of impurities to a heat-treated graphene channel layer.
US08835892B2
Methods in accordance with this invention form a microelectronic structure by forming a carbon nano-tube (“CNT”) layer, and forming a boron nitride layer (“BN liner”) above the CNT layer, wherein the BN liner comprises: (1) a first portion disposed above and in contact with the CNT layer; and/or (2) a second portion disposed in and/or around one or more carbon nano-tubes in the CNT layer. Numerous other aspects are provided.
US08835879B1
Ion implantation systems that separate the flow of ions from the flow of neutral particles are disclosed. The separation of neutral particles from ions can be achieved by manipulating the flow of ions in the system through variations in electrical or magnetic fields disposed within the implantation system. The path of neutral particles is less affected by electrical and magnetic fields than ions. The separation of these flows may also be accomplished by diverting the neutral particles from the ion beam, such as via an introduced gas flow or a flow blockage. Both separation techniques can be combined in some embodiments.
US08835874B2
Fluorescing gel formulations are disclosed for monitoring cleaning of a surface. The fluorescing gel formulations are stable, fluoresce under UV light, and do not leave a mark after drying and removal. The compositions include an oppositely charged complexing agent which is used in combination with an anionic or cationic optical brightener. In some embodiments, the compositions include a cationic optical brightener with no complexing agent.
US08835873B2
A continuous sterilization system is provided which reliably supports a sterilization target so that the sterilization target is not tipped over during a sterilization process and can stably ensure uniform irradiation periods on any portion of inner and outer surfaces and moreover, a portion sterilized by electron beam irradiation is not contaminated again. The continuous sterilization system is provided with a first conveying means, a first electron beam accelerator, a second conveying means, a second electron beam accelerator, and a third electron beam accelerator.
US08835870B2
Provided is an ion beam treatment apparatus including the target. The ion beam treatment apparatus includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposed to the first surface, and including a cone type hole decreasing in width from the first surface to the second surface to pass through the substrate, wherein an inner wall of the substrate defining the cone type hole is formed of a metal, an ion generation thin film attached to the second surface to generate ions by a laser beam incident into the cone type hole through the first surface and strengthen, and a laser that emits a laser beam to generate ions from the ion generation thin film and project the ions onto a tumor portion of a patient. The laser beam incident into the cone type hole is focused by the cone type hole and is strengthened.
US08835869B2
Ion sources and methods for generating an ion bean with a controllable ion current density distribution. The ion source includes a discharge chamber having an optical grid position proximate at a first end and a re-entrant vessel positioned proximate a second end that opposes the first end. A plasma shaper extends from the re-entrant vessel and into the plasma discharge chamber. A position of the plasma shaper is adjustable relative to the grid-based ion optic such that the plasma shaper may operably change a plasma density distribution within the discharge chamber.
US08835865B2
A mixed organic crystal according to one embodiment includes a single mixed crystal having two compounds with different bandgap energies, the organic crystal having a physical property of exhibiting a signal response signature for neutrons from a radioactive source, wherein the signal response signature does not include a significantly-delayed luminescence characteristic of neutrons interacting with the organic crystal relative to a luminescence characteristic of gamma rays interacting with the organic crystal. According to one embodiment, an organic crystal includes bibenzyl and stilbene or a stilbene derivative, the organic crystal having a physical property of exhibiting a signal response signature for neutrons from a radioactive source.
US08835864B2
A neutron detector includes a microchannel plate having a structure that defines a plurality of microchannels, and layers of materials disposed on walls of the microchannels. The layers include a layer of neutron sensitive material, a layer of semiconducting material, and a layer of electron emissive material. For example, the layer of neutron sensitive material can include boron-10, lithium-6, or gadolinium.
US08835863B2
The radiation detector includes: a housing defining an enclosed space filled with a radiation detection gas; first and second electrodes opposing each other across the enclosed space; insulating materials covering surfaces of the first and second electrodes facing the enclosed space; and a voltage source for applying a voltage to the first and second electrodes, whereby a radiation sensor is formed. The radiation sensor is configured so that: in a radiation detection period, a predetermined voltage is applied between the first and second electrodes, and an electric charge is accumulated on the insulating materials by ions and/or electrons generated by ionization of the gas by incident radiation; and in a radiation measurement time, an electric discharge is caused by applying a reverse bias voltage from that applied to the first and second electrodes in the radiation detection period, and a firing voltage is measured.
US08835860B2
An x-ray image sensing device is provided which includes: a first scintillator layer and a second scintillator layer overlapping with each other and having different energy absorptions of an incident light emitted from an x-ray source such that a first scintillator light and a second scintillator light are emitted from the first scintillator layer and the second scintillator layer, respectively, wherein the first scintillator light and the second scintillator light have different wavelengths; a first photodiode disposed at a side of the first and the second scintillator layers opposite to the X-ray source; and a second photodiode disposed at the side of the first and the second scintillator layers opposite to the X-ray source, wherein the first photodiode and the second photodiode are capable of sensing the first scintillator light and the second scintillator light.
US08835857B2
A device for a radiation detector includes a main body, which includes a material G and is at least partially provided with a coating. The coating has at least a first layer with a material A1. The material G of the main body can be excited by a primary radiation impinging on the coating, so that an x-ray fluorescence radiation is produced with an x-ray fluorescence spectrum, which has a maximum MG at an energy EG. Furthermore, at an energy E1, the material A1 has an absorption edge. In this case, the material A1 is chosen such that the relationships E1
US08835853B2
Provided is a photoconductive element which solves a problem inherent in an element for generating/detecting a terahertz wave by photoexcitation that terahertz wave generation efficiency is limited by distortions and defects of a low temperature grown semiconductor. The photoconductive element includes: a semiconductor substrate; a semiconductor low temperature growth layer; and a semiconductor layer, which is positioned between the semiconductor low temperature growth layer and the semiconductor substrate and is thinner than the semiconductor low temperature growth layer, in which the semiconductor low temperature growth layer includes a semiconductor which lattice-matches with the semiconductor layer and does not lattice-match with the semiconductor substrate.
US08835847B2
A sample holding apparatus for electron microscope includes: a sample holding assembly including an assembly of three components of an upper diaphragm holding part, a sample holding plate and a lower diaphragm holding part; and a holding part that holds the sample holding assembly replaceably. The sample holding assembly includes a cell defined between a diaphragm of the upper diaphragm holding part and a diaphragm of the lower diaphragm holding part, and a flow channel connected to the cell, in which a sample mounted at a protrusion of the sample holding plate is placed. The diaphragm of the upper diaphragm holding part, the sample and the diaphragm of the lower diaphragm holding part are disposed along an optical axis of an electron beam.
US08835846B2
The invention relates to a method of forming an image of a sample in a transmission electron microscope equipped with a phase plate. Prior art use of such a phase plate can introduce artifacts in the form of ringing and a halo. These artifacts are caused by the abrupt changes in the Fourier domain due to the sharp edges of the phase plate in the diffraction plane. By moving the phase plate with respect to the non-diffraction beam (the diffraction pattern) while recording an image the sudden transition in the Fourier domain is changed to a more gradual transition, resulting in less artifacts.
US08835845B2
A method for TEM/STEM sample preparation and analysis that can be used in a FIB-electron microscope system without a flip stage. The method allows a dual beam FIB electron microscope system with a typical tilt stage having a maximum tilt of approximately 60° to be used to extract a TEM/STEM sample to from a substrate, mount the sample onto a sample holder, thin the sample using FIB milling, and rotate the sample so that the sample face is perpendicular to a vertical electron beam column for TEM/STEM imaging.
US08835843B2
A method of processing a TEM-sample, wherein the method comprises: mounting an object in a particle beam system such that the object is disposed, in an object region of the particle beam system; directing of a first particle beam onto the object region from a first direction, wherein the first particle beam is an ion beam; and then rotating the object about an axis by 180°, wherein the following relation is fulfilled: 35°≦α≦55°, wherein α denotes a first angle between the first direction and the axis; and then directing of the first particle beam onto the object region from the first direction; wherein material is removed from the object during the directing of the first particle beam onto the object region. Furthermore, a second particle beam may be directed onto the object region, and particles emanating from the object region can be detected.
US08835841B2
A mass spectrometer possessing both high resolution and durability in a simple, compact structure compared to mass spectrometers of the related art, and characterized in possessing a linear ion trap unit containing a multipolar rod electrode including rod electrodes having fine orifices to allow passage of electrons or ions; a mechanism to move the ions inside the linear ion trap unit along the axis of the multipolar rod electrode; and a detector to selectively detect by mass, ions ejected from the linear ion trap unit.
US08835835B2
The present invention provides novel radiation associated markers. The radiation associated markers may be one or more of albumin, LTGF-β, or any protein or peptide listed in any one of Tables 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 provided herein. The present invention also provides methods of assessing exposure to ionizing radiation by determining the presence of one or more radiation associated markers. The methods may optionally include quantifying one or more of the radiation associated markers. The methods may further include comparing the amount of one or more radiation associated markers in the sample determined to be present in the sample with either (i) the amount determined for temporally matched, normal samples or (ii) the amount determined for samples obtained from individuals or subjects that have not been exposed to an elevated level of ionizing radiation.
US08835830B2
According to one embodiment, a circuit comprises a first resistor configured to have one end to which a first voltage is input and the other end which outputs a second voltage and a first amplifier configured to have an inverting input connected to the other end of the first resistor and a noninverting input to which a third voltage is input. The circuit further comprises a first capacitor configured to have one end to which an output of the first amplifier is input and the other end to which the other end of the first resistor is connected. An output of the first amplifier or an output of a second amplifier connected to the other end of the first resistor is a fourth voltage. In the circuit, the first resistor and a mirror capacitance composed of the first capacitor and the first amplifier constitute a low-pass filter.
US08835827B2
A determination circuit for measuring a current is reset each time the integration value of the current exceeds a threshold until expiration of a predefined maximum integration time. This increases the accuracy of integrating a current and also increases the dynamic range of currents that can be integrated. To further increase the dynamic range of currents, the determination circuit may further include circuits having different gain factors.
US08835825B2
An arrangement for, and a method of, electro-optically reading a target by image capture, employ a scan engine in a handheld housing having a tilted handle. A single tilted printed circuit board (PCB) in the handle has front and rear surfaces that respectively face toward and away from the target during reading. An optical assembly having a pair of fold mirrors is mounted on the rear surface, for receiving return light from the target through an aperture in the PCB along the horizontal, and for directing the return light along a folded path. An imaging lens assembly projects the return light onto a solid-state, two-dimensional, image sensor to enable the return light to be detected over a field of view, and to generate an electrical signal indicative of the detected return light.
US08835821B2
A cooking oven, particularly a microwave oven, provides for detecting food data and for adjusting food heating and/or cooking process. The oven particularly includes an user interface with at least one socket-shaped seat adapted to receive a removable plug-shaped button which stores the food data and which is adapted to be pressed by the user for starting the heating and/or cooking process or for programming such heating or cooking.
US08835815B2
A heater control device comprising: a storage unit that stores therein a turn-on pattern of a heater specified in units of a predetermined control cycle including a plurality of half-wavelengths of an alternating-current voltage supplied to the heater so as to prevent flickering; a color temperature detecting unit that detects a color temperature of light emitted from a filament of the heater; and a heater control unit that, while operating in a standby mode in which power supplied to the heater is reduced, causes the heater to be fully turned ON at every first period, and then turns ON the heater in the turn-on pattern when the color temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold after the heater is fully turned ON.
US08835814B2
A domestic appliance device is provided which has an operating means carrier that carries operating means. The operating means carrier is formed by a panel and differs from a hob. The operating means carrier also has a functional support surface to absorb at least a part of the weight force of the operating means in a functionally-coupled state.
US08835812B2
A home appliance having an oven with a broil element, the home appliance including an appliance body; an oven cavity defined within the appliance body; a broil element mounted within the oven cavity; a broil element reflector mounted to a wall of the oven cavity; and a mounting arrangement formed integrally with the broil element reflector for mounting the broil element within the oven cavity.
US08835805B2
The invention provides a simple and inexpensive method to assemble nanomaterials into millimeter lengths. The method can be used to generate optical, sensing, electronic, magnetic and or catalytic materials. Also provided is a substrate comprised of fused nanoparticles. The invention also provides a diode comprised of assembled nanoparticles.
US08835800B2
The present invention provides a laser irradiation apparatus which can accurately control positions of beam spots of laser beams emitted from laser oscillators and the distance between the adjacent beam spots. A laser irradiation apparatus of the present invention includes a first movable stage with an irradiation body provided, two or more laser oscillators emitting laser beams, a plurality of second movable stages with the laser oscillators and optical systems provided, and a means for detecting at least one alignment maker. The first stage and the second stages may move not only in one direction but also in a plurality of directions. Further, the optical systems are to shape the laser beams emitted from the laser oscillators into linear beams on the irradiation surface.
US08835798B2
An apparatus and method for exposing the surface of a drum to patterned illumination from a pulsed laser source to form a dense, regular array of 3-D microstructures is provided. The method may include locating a mask relative to a target area, projecting a uniform line shaped laser beam through the mask to project an image including a plurality of features of the mask onto the target area, de-magnifying the image, rotating the drum continuously so the surface moves in a first direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the drum and simultaneously moving the projected beam in a second direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, tilting the projected array of microstructures to correspond to the helical path followed by the laser beam on the drum surface, and controlling the pulsed laser based on an angular position of the drum.
US08835779B2
Apparatus and associated methods relate to a load-cell measurement system having an output that is substantially independent of the system voltage source, by providing compensation for the source voltage variation using both a compensating offset voltage and a compensating reference voltage, these compensating voltages having a predetermined relationship with each other. In an illustrative example, the supply voltage may be directly connected to a load-cell, an instrumentation amplifier, and a compensation circuit. In some examples, the compensation circuit may include a chain of impedances which may generate two mutually related voltages both being scaled to the supply voltage. The first scaled voltage may, for example, substantially compensate offset of the load-cell measurement system. The second scaled voltage may, for example, substantially compensate for gain. In various examples, the compensating offset voltage and gain voltage may have a predetermined relationship so as to provide coordinated compensation of the system.
US08835775B2
Techniques are provided for electrically connecting components on a printed circuit board (PCB), semiconductor chip package, or other electronic device. More specifically, a first component, configured to generate a differential signal, is disposed on the PCB, while a second component, configured to receive the differential signal from the first component, is also disposed on the PCB. A differential conductor pair comprising first and second parallel conductors extends along a path between the first and second components. The path of the differential conductor pair comprises at least one turn that causes a change in direction of the first and second conductors. The first conductor comprises at least one localized skew compensation bend disposed at the turn such that, at the end of the turn, the first and second conductors have substantially the same length with respect to the first component.
US08835769B1
A high speed serial interface comprises a rectilinear array of rows and columns of contact sites on a substrate. In the first four columns, pairs of transmitter and receiver contacts alternate row-by-row with pairs of ground contacts In the fifth column, there is a permanent (or hard) ground contact adjacent to each transmitter or receiver contact pair located in a row in the third and fourth columns and the remaining contacts in the fifth column are general purpose input/output (GPIO) contacts. As a result, up to 50 percent of the contacts in the fifth column may be GPIO contacts. In the sixth column, all the contacts are GPIO contacts.
US08835765B2
A cable is provided with a first twisted pair of insulated conductors having a first lay length and a first insulation resulting in a first signal propagation rate and a second twisted pair of insulated conductors having a second lay length and a second insulation resulting in a second signal propagation rate. The second signal propagation rate is faster than the first signal propagation rate resulting a first amount of signal skew between signals travelling through the first twisted pair and the second twisted pair. A jacket covers the pairs. Titanium dioxide is added to the insulation of the conductors of the second twisted pair so that the dielectric constant of the insulation of the conductors of the second twisted pair is raised, lowering the second signal propagation rate, resulting in a second amount of signal skew which is less than the first amount of signal skew.
US08835763B1
A paint shield for protecting and covering an electrical junction box typically mounted in a wall of a structure is disclosed. Junction boxes used for outlets and switches typically include an inner surface defined by side walls meeting top and bottom walls at corners of the box. The paint shield engages the junction box only at the corners so allow easy insertion and removal of the paint shield. The paint shield can also be configured to enclose a light switch or outlet protruding from the junction box and beyond the plane of the wall surface.
US08835759B1
A support container includes a base and a lid. The base includes a base wall, a pair of substantially vertical, elongated flanges, and a lower flange. The base wall at least partially defines a receptacle. The lower flange cooperates with the pair of substantially vertical, elongated flanges to define a slot. The lid includes an upper portion, a side wall, and an upper flange. The side wall extends substantially downwardly from the upper portion and defines a pair of substantially vertical, elongated channels. Each of the substantially vertical, elongated flanges extends away from the base wall and the receptacle. When the lid is installed on the base, the side wall substantially covers the slot, the pair of substantially vertical, elongated flanges nests extensively within the pair of substantially vertical, elongated channels, and the lower and upper flanges cooperate with one another to define a conduit for the receptacle.
US08835753B2
A solar cell includes a semiconductor base, a first doped semiconductor layer, an insulating layer, a second doped semiconductor layer and a first electrode layer. The semiconductor base has a first doped type. The first doped semiconductor layer, disposed on the semiconductor base, has a doped contact region. The insulating layer is disposed on the first doped semiconductor layer, exposing the doped contact region. The second doped semiconductor layer is disposed on the insulating layer and the doped contact region. The first doped semiconductor layer, the doped contact region and the second doped semiconductor layer have a second doped type, and a dopant concentration of the second doped semiconductor layer is between that of the first doped semiconductor layer and that of the doped contact region. The first electrode layer is disposed corresponding to the doped contact region.
US08835747B2
Methods and apparatus are described for a two axis tracking mechanism for a concentrated photovoltaic system. Two or more paddle structures containing multiple CPV modules are installed onto each tilt axle on the common roll axle as part of the two-axis tracking mechanism's solar array. The two or more paddle structures couple across the common roll axle on that tilt axle. The common roll axle and each paddle assembly are manufactured in simple modular sections that assemble easily in the field while maintaining the alignment of the tracker assembly.
US08835746B2
A concentration photovoltaic module includes a radiator, solar cell units, a datum plate, an optical unit and an alignment unit. The radiator includes apertures defined therein. The solar cell units are located on the radiator. The datum plate is located on the radiator. From a lower face of the datum plate extend positioning columns corresponding to the apertures defined in the radiator. The datum plate is provided with marks corresponding to some of the solar cell units. The optical unit is provided with lines near edges thereof. The alignment unit includes a board and light sources. The board is formed with corners corresponding to the lines provided on the datum plate. The light sources are located on the board. The light sources cast light on the solar cell units through the marks.
US08835739B2
A software application configured to enable a single controller trigger to send arbitrarily complex sequences of keystroke and/or MIDI control messages to a multi-media device. Examples of multi-media devices include DJ players, video game systems, music, entertainment, and lighting control applications. Each trigger of the controller can be uniquely programmed to generate a complex sequence of keystrokes and/or MIDI control messages, allowing more complex and higher performance control of the multi-media device.
US08835736B2
A game system and method that uses an instrument as an input encourages a user to play along with the game's soundtrack on an instrument (e.g. guitar, bass, etc.). The game cues the player to play notes and/or chords on the instrument at an appropriate time and then data is collected from the instrument via a connection between the instrument and the apparatus running the game. The game then scores the user based on note/chord and timing information it receives.
US08835725B2
According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated CV832231. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CV832231, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CV832231 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety CV832231 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line. The invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety CV832231.
US08835719B2
A new lettuce variety designated ‘Salute’ is described. ‘Salute’ is an iceberg lettuce variety exhibiting stability and uniformity.
US08835717B2
The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.
US08835710B2
A method of providing an animal model for at least one infant pathology, including delivering an animal prior to full physical development; performing a surgical procedure on the animal to provided capacity for respiratory assistance and nutrition; exposing the animal to varying concentrations of oxygen; and optionally repeating the exposure of the animal to varying concentrations of oxygen until the desired condition develops.
US08835708B2
Apparatus formed by a shell that may be placed around a part of the body, wherein said shell comprises: an inlet that may be connected to a gas source and an outlet to evacuate the gases present inside the shell; at least two complementary portions defining between them a cavity with a cross section that is larger than that of the part of the body to be treated, characterized in that the walls of the two complementary portions have an average heat conduction that is lower than 65 mW/m·K measured according to EN-12667.
US08835706B2
A process for the conversion of mixed lower alkanes into aromatics which comprises first reacting a mixed lower alkane feed comprising at least propane and ethane in the presence of an aromatization catalyst under reaction conditions which maximize the conversion of propane into first stage aromatic reaction products, separating ethane from the first stage aromatic reaction products, reacting ethane in the presence of an aromatization catalyst under reaction conditions which maximize the conversion of ethane into second stage aromatic reaction products, and optionally separating ethane from the second stage aromatic reaction products.
US08835704B2
A biomass pyrolysis process is provided in which biomass feedstock is mixed with a heat carrier. The heat carrier at least partly comprises char. The ratio by weight of biomass to char is in the range 1:1 to 1:20. The process may be carried out by in a screw/auger pyrolysis reactor in which the solid feedstock components are conveyed along the reactor by a first screw. A second screw conveys at least a portion of the solid products of the biomass pyrolysis back to a heat transfer medium input port. Thus, the heat transfer medium includes char from the biomass pyrolysis.
US08835693B2
The present invention provides compounds having formula (I): and additionally provides methods for the synthesis thereof, compositions thereof, and methods for the use thereof in the treatment of various disorders including cancer, metastasis and disorders involving increased angiogenesis, wherein R1-R6, Ra-Rc, Q, Y1, Y2 and n are as defined herein.
US08835682B2
Alkaloid aminoester compounds which act as muscarinic receptor antagonists are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of a broncho-obstructive or inflammatory diseases.
US08835671B2
Zwitterionic crosslinking agents, crosslinked zwitterionic hydrogels prepared from copolymerization of zwitterionic monomers with the zwitterionic crosslinking agent, methods for making crosslinked zwitterionic hydrogels, and devices that include and methods that use the crosslinked zwitterionic hydrogels.
US08835669B2
Fluorosulfuric acid esters can be produced by reacting alcohols with sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in the presence of a base and water. As a substrate thereof, optically active secondary alcohols are preferable, and optically active α-hydroxyesters and optically active 4-hydroxyprolines are particularly preferable. By performing the reaction in a two-phase system in the presence of a reaction solvent immiscible with water, a desired reaction proceeds particularly well. The present invention is a production method solving all the problems involved in conventional techniques while being industrially practicable.
US08835666B2
A process for preparation of catalysts for the production of acrylonitrile, acetonitrile and hydrogen cyanide comprising contacting at an elevated temperature, propylene, ammonia and oxygen in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst, said catalyst comprising a complex of metal oxides wherein a heat-decomposable nitrogen containing compound is added during the process for the preparation of the catalyst.
US08835664B2
The present invention relates to a novel fluorinated compound, a composition comprising the same, and a method for manufacturing a film by using the same, and more particularly a novel compound having a structure in which one or more fluorine and acrylate-based functional groups are substituted in a silane core, a composition comprising the compound and photoinitiator, and a method for manufacturing a film by using the same. If the composition comprising the compound according to the present invention is used, it is possible to manufacture a film in which a refractive index is low, reflectivity is reduced, and transmissivity is increased.
US08835662B2
There is described a continuous process for the oxidative cleavage of vegetable oils containing triglycerides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, for the obtainment of saturated carboxylic acids, comprising the steps of: a) feeding to a first continuous reactor at least a vegetable oil, an oxidizing compound and a catalyst capable of catalyzing the oxidation reaction of the olefinic double bond to obtain an intermediate compound containing vicinal diols, and of b) feeding to a second continuous reactor said intermediate compound, a compound containing oxygen and a catalyst capable of catalyzing the oxidation reaction of the vicinal diols to carboxylic groups, to obtain saturated monocarboxylic acids (i) and triglycerides containing saturated carboxylic acids with more than one acid function (ii); c) separating the saturated monocarboxylic acids (i) from the triglycerides having more than one acid function (ii). d) hydrolyzing in a third reactor the triglycerides having more than one acid function (ii) to obtain glycerol and saturated carboxylic acids with more than one acid function.
US08835655B2
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of olopatadine and, more particularly, to an improved method of synthesizing olopatadine which comprises reacting a dibenz[b,e]oxepin-11-one derivative of formula (III) and a suitable reagent under Witting condition, and to the intermediate 11-[(Z)-3-(dimethylamino)-propylidene]-6-11-dihydrodibenz[b,e]-oxepin-2-acet-amide p-toluensulfonate salt.
US08835654B2
Methods, compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and kits are described for treating or preventing amyloid-related disease.
US08835653B2
The present invention relates to compounds of the formula I, wherein R1; R2; R3; R4; R5, R16, X and M have the meanings indicated in the claims. The compounds of formula I are valuable pharmacologically active compounds. They exhibit a strong anti-thrombotic effect and are suitable, for example, for the therapy and prophylaxis of cardio-vascular disorders like thromboembolic diseases or restenoses. They are reversible inhibitors of the blood clotting enzymes factor Xa and thrombin and can in general be applied in conditions in which an undesired activity of factor Xa and/or thrombin are present or for the cure or prevention of which an inhibition of factor Xa and thrombin are intended. The invention furthermore relates to processes for the preparation of compounds of the formula I, their use, in particular as active ingredients in pharmaceuticals, and pharmaceutical preparations comprising them.
US08835649B2
A method of synthesizing organic molecules is provided, wherein the method comprises providing an electrophilic educt, providing an ionic liquid comprising a carbanion, and synthesizing the organic molecules by mixing the electrophilic educt and the ionic liquid.
US08835645B2
The present invention relates to a process for preparing cyanimino-1,3-thiazolidines, which are important building blocks for the preparation of crop protection active ingredients and pharmaceuticals, by the following scheme: where A is an alkali metal and X represents an acid radical.
US08835641B2
Novel fluorescent markers of Formula I: are disclosed herein, wherein X and Y are independently or together absent or are independently selected from R and R1 are independently selected from H and alkyl; Ar is phenyl or heteroaryl; L is absent or a spacer selected from the group consisting of —NH—; —(CH2)nNH—; —NHSO2—; —(CH2)nNHCO—; -(cycloalkyl)NHCO—; —(CH2)nNHSO2—; -(cycloalkyl)NHSO2—; —CONH(CH2)nNHCO—; —CONH(cycloalkyl)NHCO—; —NHCO(CH2)nNHCO—; —NHCO(cycloalkyl)NHCO—; —(CH2)nSO2NH—; -(cycloalkyl)SO2NH—; —(CH2)nNHCSNH—; -(cycloalkyl)NHCSNH—; —CR═CR1—; —C≡C—; —(CH2)nN═CH—; -(cycloalkyl)N═CH—; —N═CH(CH2)—; —N═CH(cycloalkyl)-; n is an integer ranging from 1 to 5; F is a fluorophore selected from the group consisting of fluorescein, rhodamine, eosin, thionine, safranin, coumarin, methoxycoumarin, dansyl, BODIPY and BODIPY derivatives; and wherein X, Y and L may be positioned in a 1,3,5; 1,2,3; 1,3,4 or in a 3,4,5 configuration respectively.
US08835633B2
The present invention is directed to benzoimidazol-2-yl pyrimidine derivatives useful as histamine H4 receptor modulators and processes for the preparation of such compounds.
US08835632B2
The presently disclosed subject matter provides dyes having an improved photostability, biosensors comprising such dyes, and methods of use thereof, including methods for detecting target molecules in a sample under test and for live-cell imaging. The dyes can include a binding member, including a biomolecule or fragments thereof, which can interact with target molecules of interest and can be specific to a given conformational state or covalent modification, e.g., phosphorylation, of the target molecule. The presently disclosed dyes can be used for detecting changes in the binding, conformational change, or posttranslational modification of the target molecule.
US08835631B2
The present invention provides a novel therapeutic drug for cerebral infarction, which contains a piperazine compound as an active ingredient.The compound of the present invention can be provided as a novel therapeutic drug for cerebral infarction having an effect of suppressing brain injury volume or improving neurological deficit, since it suppresses production of plural inflammatory cytokines and chemokines present in the brain such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1 and the like.
US08835629B2
The present invention provides a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutical acceptable derivative, salt or prodrug thereof. Further provided is a method of treatment of cancer in a subject comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutical acceptable derivative, salt or prodrug thereof. Further provided is the use of a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutical acceptable derivative, salt or prodrug thereof in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of cancer. In addition, the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutical acceptable derivative, salt or prodrug thereof.
US08835622B2
The present invention relates to materials and methods for the expression of a gene of interest specifically in seeds of plants, even more specifically in oilseed plants. In particular, the invention provides an expression cassette for regulating seed-specific expression in plants.
US08835613B2
β-mannosylceramides or salts or solvates thereof in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, for use as a Type I NKT cell agonist in conjunction with a therapeutically effective amount of α-galactosylceramide or a salt or a solvate thereof, and/or at least one or more T-cell co-stimulatory molecules, disclosed. Compositions comprising β-mannosylceramide, as well as methods of treatment of tumors are also provided.
US08835606B2
The invention provides modified antibodies directed against GD2 that have diminished complement fixation relative to antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity, which is maintained. The modified antibodies of the invention may be used in the treatment of tumors such as neuroblastoma, glioblastoma, melanoma, small-cell lung carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, renal carcinoma, retinoblastoma, and other cancers of neuroectodermal origin.
US08835595B2
A polyamide compound containing: from 25 to 50 mol % of a diamine unit, which contains an aromatic diamine unit represented by the following formula (I), in an amount of 50 mol % or more; from 25 to 50 mol % of a dicarboxylic acid unit, which contains a linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid unit represented by the following formula (II-1) and/or an aromatic dicarboxylic acid unit represented by the following formula (II-2), in an amount in total of 50 mol % or more; and from 0.1 to 50 mol % of a constitutional unit represented by the following formula (III): wherein n represents an integer of from 2 to 18, Ar represents an arylene group, and R represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.
US08835594B2
The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the processing of plastic material, with a receptacle or cutter-compactor (1) into which the material to be treated can be introduced, in the lower region of which a discharge opening (10) is provided, through which the processed material can be ejected from the receptacle (1), for example into an extruder (11). According to the invention, the receptacle (1) is divided into at least two chambers (6a, 6b, 6c, . . . ) separated from each other by an intermediate base (2′, 2″, . . . ), wherein at least one mixing or comminution tool (7a, 7b, 7c, . . . ) is arranged which acts upon the material in each chamber (6a, 6b, 6c, . . . ), with which the material can be converted into a softened but permanently lumpy or particle-shaped and not melted state and wherein means (5′, 5″, . . . ) are provided which effect or permit an exchange or a transfer of the softened, lumpy, not melted material between each directly adjacent chamber (6a, 6b, 6c, . . . ).
US08835591B2
The present invention relates to the technical field of isocyanates. The present invention provides a method for preparing NCO prepolymers by reacting a stoichiometric excess of an organic isocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive component, the reaction components being mixed together and the mixture being introduced directly into a storage or transport vessel, where it reacts to completion.
US08835581B2
The present invention relates to a novel polymeric composition comprising a novel polymer having two or more repeat units and a terminus having the structure (1): wherein R1 represents a C1-C20 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, w is a number from 1-8, X is oxygen (O) or nitrogen (N), and Rd is a reactive group. The invention also relates to a process for forming a pattern using the novel polymeric composition. The invention further relates to a process of making the novel polymer.
US08835580B2
The invention relates to a catalyst for the polymerization of norbornene monomers comprising transition metal complex (A) represented by formula (1); and a method for producing a norbornene (co)polymer, especially a norbornene copolymer containing a monomer unit represented by formulae (2) and (3), wherein a norbornen monomer is homopolyzed or copolymerized in the presence of the polymerization catalyst. Preferable examples of the transition metal complex (A) include (π-allyl){4-(2,6-diisopropylphenylimino)-2-penten-2-olato-κ2N,O}palladium and (π-allyl){4-(1-naphthylimino)-2-penten-2-olato-κ2N,O}palladium. In the formulae, the symbols are as defined in the description. A norbornene (co)polymer which has excellent transparency, excellent heat resistance, excellently low water absorption and excellent electrical insulation characteristics can be efficiently produced by the present invention.
US08835572B2
A novel aluminum chelate latent curing agent that can cure a glycidyl ether epoxy compound at a lower temperature and more quickly than an aluminum chelate latent curing agent produced by emulsification and interfacial polymerization of a polyfunctional isocyanate in the presence of both a radical polymerizable monomer, such as divinyl benzene, and a radical polymerization initiator, is micro-encapsulated in a core-shell form, wherein an aluminum chelate curing agent and a cationic polymerizable compound are included in a capsule formed from an interfacial polymerization product of a polyfunctional isocyanate.
US08835570B2
A hydrophilic material having a hydrophilic nature and being biocompatible and processable into nanoparticles wherein a hydrophilic monomer such as threitol or a hydrophilic polymer such as polyethylene glycol is attached to the βposition of an α,β-unsaturated carboxyl group of a (co)polymer comprising an aromatic compound such as 4-hydroxycinnamic acid in which an aromatic ring is substituted by the α,β-unsaturated carboxyl group and one or more hydroxyl groups. In particular, a hydrophilic material having a nanoparticle size which is highly dispersible in water, can well migrate into the blood and is useful as a drug carrier, a medical material and a sustained drug release material.
US08835566B2
The present invention provides a vulcanized rubber material having improved heat resistance while maintaining ozone resistance of an epihalohydrin rubber, and a rubber composition for vulcanization for producing the same. The invention further provides a vulcanized rubber material and a rubber composition for vulcanization, that can achieve the above objects without using an organonickel compound having a concern about toxicity, or if used, using the same as less as possible. The present invention relates to a rubber composition for vulcanization comprising (a) 100 parts by weight of an epihalohydrin rubber, (b) 0.01 to 0.5 part by weight of a copper salt of dithiocarbamic acid, (c) an acid acceptor, and (d) a polythiol type vulcanizing agent or a polyol type vulcanizing agent, a vulcanized rubber material obtained by vulcanizing the composition, and an automotive rubber part comprising the vulcanized rubber material.
US08835560B2
Elastomeric block copolymers having star-shaped molecular architecture, where the star-shaped molecular architecture has at least two different arms of the star, a process for producing the elastomeric block copolymers, the use of the elastomeric block copolymers for producing moldings, or as adhesive layer in multilayer foils; as seal; as adhesion promoter or thermoplastic component in wood-plastics composites; as hot-melt adhesive component; for impact-modifying thermoplastics or elastomers, or for compatibilization, and to foils, foams, thermomoldings, injection moldings, flexible tubing, or profile extrudates composed of at least one elastomeric block copolymer.
US08835556B2
The present invention is directed to conjugates of hydrolytically stabilized maleimide-functionalized water soluble polymers and to methods for making and utilizing such polymers and their precursors.
US08835553B2
A coating composition has excellent application workability, facilitates thick coating, rarely causes cracks at an initial drying stage, and provides a dried film having excellent tensile properties and adhesiveness. The composition contains an aggregate and an emulsion with a polymer particle dispersed in an aqueous medium. The polymer particle includes 40% to 98% of a unit formed by polymerizing an alkyl(meth)acrylate monomer, the alkyl group having 4 to 14 carbon atoms, 0.1% to 5% of a unit formed by polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, 1% to 20% of a unit formed by polymerizing a vinyl monomer having a cyano group, 1% to 20% of a unit formed by polymerizing a reaction product of a (meth)acrylic acid and a monofunctional epoxy compound, and 0% to 50% of a unit formed by copolymerizing at least one of the above monomers with another monomer.
US08835547B2
Particles comprising a bulk of fluoropolymer and a nucleus of fluorinated ionomer, dispersions of such particles, articles and coatings made from such particles.
US08835545B2
A rubber composition for use in tire treads including 100 parts by mass of a diene rubber and from 70 to 100 parts by mass of silica, wherein the diene rubber includes from 50 to 90 mass % of a terminal-modified styrene-butadiene rubber having a hydroxy group on an end of the molecule, and from 10 to 25 mass % of a butadiene rubber; the silica has a BET specific surface area of from 45 to 550 m2/g, a CTAB specific surface area of from 40 to 525 m2/g, a particle size distribution width Ld((d84−d16)/d50) of at least 0.91, and wherein V(d5-d50)/V(5-d100) is at least 0.66; and a durometer hardness of the rubber composition when measured at 20° C. is from 70 to 80.
US08835538B2
A heat protection material for a surface, made of a mixture comprising a resin, cork granules and refractory fibers, wherein the proportion of cork granules in the mixture is 50 to 80% by mass.
US08835533B2
The present invention relates to anaerobically curable compositions demonstrating resistance to elevated temperature conditions.
US08835531B2
The invention provides a water-based ink for inkjet recording containing at least: a vinyl polymer particle containing an azo compound represented by Formula (1), a tautomer of the azo compound, a salt or a hydrate of the azo compound or the tautomer, or any combination thereof; a 1,2-alkylene glycol having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms; and a polyvalent alcohol that is not the 1,2-alkylene glycol and that has at most 10 carbon atoms. In Formula (1), Z represents a divalent group having a 5- to 8-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle; Y1, Y2, R11 and R12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; G1 and G2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or heterocyclic group; and W1 and W2 each independently represent an alkoxy group, an amino group, an alkyl group, or an aryl group.
US08835522B2
The present invention provides a polymer having the structure of formula (I) wherein n, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, a, b and c are as defined in the specification. The present invention also provides a negative-acting photoimageable composition comprising the above-mentioned polymer of formula (I), which is suitable for the fabrication of printed circuit boards.
US08835520B2
The present invention provides a rubber-based resin closed-cell foam sheet with its sealing capability being unlikely to be lowered even for a prolonged period of use, and with its excellent waterproofing capability. The inventive rubber-based resin closed-cell foam sheet is characterized in that the foam sheet includes a rubber-based resin containing a nitrile group, and exhibits an excellent adhesion. When used as a waterproof sealing material, the foam sheet can adhere, in a tightly close contact, to the interface of a portion to be sealed. Therefore, the inventive rubber-based resin closed-cell foam sheet can be advantageously used as a waterproof sealing material having high sealing capability and excellent waterproofing capability.
US08835518B2
A process for the reactivation of an acidic ion exchange resin is described. The invention relates to the treatment of an at least partially deactivated resin which has been deactivated by contact with an impure ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester containing target impurities. The reactivation includes the step of contacting the at least partially deactivated resin with an alcohol to thereby increase the activity thereof. The invention extends to reactivating a resin deactivated by contact with an impure ethylenically unsaturated acid, ester or nitrile containing target impurities by contacting the at least partially deactivated resin with an alcohol and a carboxylic acid to thereby increase the activity thereof. A reactivated resin and a process for preparing and purifying an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester of the following formula: —R1—C(═(CH2)m)—COOR2 are also described.
US08835517B2
A method for the production of dimethyl ether is disclosed which utilizes: a dimethyl ether synthesis catalyst that converts synthesis gas to a dimethyl ether containing stream, wherein the dimethyl ether containing stream is directed to an absorption column containing water as a scrubbing agent and operating in a temperature range from 1° C.-20° C. and pressure range from 20 psig to 500 psig, and wherein the scrubbing liquid resulting from the exposure of the dimethyl ether containing stream to the absorption column is directed to a flash evaporation unit operating at 25° C.-100° C. and pressure range −15 psig to 15 psig to produce a product stream rich in dimethyl ether.
US08835514B2
The composition disclosed is a pseudo-thermosetting neutralized chitosan composition, neutralized with an hydroxylated base, forming a phosphate-free transparent hydrogel at a temperature higher than 5° C. Said composition contains a homogeneously reacetylated chitosan derived from a chitosan having a deacetylation degree of 80-90%, having a molecular weight of not smaller than 200 kDa and a deacetylation degree of 30-60%, and may further contain a diol. Said composition may be used as a drug delivery system.
US08835513B2
Compositions provided by contacting a biotin-containing component and an avidin-containing component are useful as drug delivery devices. Bioactive agents may be covalently bound to the biotin-containing component, the avidin-containing component, or both, mixed therewith, or combinations of the foregoing.
US08835512B2
A method and composition for suppressing replication of the HIV-1 virus strains, modulating the production and liberation of inflammatory mediators; and the prevention and treatment of neurocognitive disorders. The method comprises administering to a subject an effective amount of an a macrocyclic diterpenoid, such as 4R cembranoid.
US08835510B2
Methods and compositions are disclosed for treating a subject with a disease or tissue injury mediated by cellular oxidative stress or with an environmental toxicity due to an electrophilic toxicant or pollutant, and for providing a nutritional supplement to a subject and for providing a skin treatment for a subject, where the methods comprise administering to the subject a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound.
US08835509B2
The present invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition in the form of self nano emulsifying drug delivery formulation comprising curcuminoids. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention shows an enhanced drug loading ability, better stability and an improved bioavailability. The composition of the present invention comprises of a pharmaceutically effective amount of a curcuminoid, an oil phase, a surfactant and a co surfactant.
US08835507B2
The present invention relates to adamantane derivatives that are active as antiviral and anti-microbial agents; antiviral or antibacterial compositions comprising adamantane derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; and methods of preventing or treating viral or bacterial infections in mammalian hosts through the administration of adamantine derivatives or their salts or pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same. In particular, viral infections prevented or treated by the methods of the present invention may include, but are not limited to, those caused by arenavirus or one or more pox viruses, such as vaccinia and/or variola.
US08835503B2
A pharmaceutical composition, comprising a GluR2-lacking AMPAR antagonist as an active ingredient, is effective for preventing or treating mental diseases selected from the group consisting of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), drug addiction, and phobia.
US08835492B2
Disclosed is a block copolymer formed by coupling the following components with each other: (a) a copolymer (A) of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) type compound with a biodegradable polymer; and (b) at least one oligomer (B) selected from the group consisting of poly(β-amino ester) and poly(amido amine). A method for preparing the same block copolymer, and a polymeric hydrogel type drug composition comprising the temperature and pH-sensitive block copolymer and a physiologically active substance that can be encapsulated with the block copolymer are also disclosed. The multiblock copolymer is obtained by copolymerization of a pH-sensitive poly(β-amino ester) and/or poly(amido amine) type oligomer, a hydrophilic and temperature-sensitive polyethylene glycol type compound and a hydrophobic and biodegradable polymer. Therefore, the block copolymer can form a polymeric hydrogel structure due to its amphiphilicity resulting from the combination of a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group in the copolymer and ionization characteristics depending on pH variations, and thus can be used as a drug carrier for target-directed drug delivery depending on pH variations in the body.
US08835485B2
The present invention provides a means for prevention and treatment of sarcopenia by administration of a substance that both reduces the sensibility of beta-adrenergic receptors and of 5-HT1a receptors. (S)-pindolol, (S)-propanol, tertalol, or bopindolol are preferred for this purpose.
US08835474B2
(R)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-4′-[2-[(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)amino]ethyl]acetic acid anilide or its salt shows a potent bladder relaxation effect in “isolated rat bladder smooth muscle relaxation test”, dose-dependently lowers the contraction frequency of rhythmic bladder contractions in “rat rhythmic bladder contraction measurement test” and, moreover, prolongs the urination intervals in “urination functions measurement test on cyclophosphamide-induced overactive bladder model rat”. Owing to these effects, the above compound is useful as a remedy for overactive bladder.
US08835471B2
There is provided a compound of formula I, wherein Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Z1, Z2, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 have meanings given in the description, and pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, for use in the treatment of spinal cord injury.
US08835470B2
Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I) or stereoisomers, salts, or prodrugs thereof, wherein: Q is, or R1 is phenyl substituted with zero to 3 substituents; and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and G are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein-coupled receptor S1P1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.
US08835465B2
This invention relates to novel compounds having the formula (I): and to their pharmaceutical compositions and to their methods of use. These novel compounds provide a treatment for cancer.
US08835462B2
The disclosure relates to macrocyclic picolinamides of Formula I and their use as fungicides.
US08835449B2
Myeloperoxidase inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions containing such inhibitors and the use of such inhibitors to treat, for example, cardiovascular conditions.
US08835436B2
A novel arylpiperazine-containing imidazole 4-carboxamide derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same as an active ingredient for preventing or treating a depressive disorder are provided.
US08835430B2
The present invention provides 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds that inhibit the IgE and/or IgG receptor signaling cascades that lead to the release of chemical mediators, intermediates and methods of synthesizing the compounds and methods of using the compounds in a variety of contexts, including in the treatment and prevention of diseases characterized by, caused by or associated with the release of chemical mediators via degranulation and other processes effected by activation of the IgE and/or IgG receptor signaling cascades.
US08835429B2
The invention relates to pyrimidine compounds of the Formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the constituent variables are as defined herein, compositions comprising the compounds, and methods for making and using the compounds.
US08835420B2
Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10 are defined in the specification. This disclosure also relates to materials and methods for preparing compounds of Formula 1, to pharmaceutical compositions which contain them, and to their use for treating immunological disorders, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and other diseases, disorders or conditions associated with PI3Kδ.
US08835414B2
The present invention relates to the use of estriol in the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for vaginal administration with the capacity to self-limit the absorption of estriol, for the prevention and/or the treatment of urogenital atrophy in women said women having a high probability of suffering from a cardiovascular pathology or suffering or having suffered from a cardiovascular pathology.
US08835412B2
Anti-inflammatory and antiallergic compounds of the glucocorticosteroid series according to formula (I) defined herein are useful for treating diseases of the respiratory tract characterized by airway obstruction.
US08835411B2
The disclosure generally relates to the novel compounds of formula I, including their salts, which inhibit HIV integrase and prevent viral integration into human DNA. This action makes the compounds useful for treating HIV infection and AIDS. The invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating those infected with HIV.
US08835405B2
A pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting inflammation is provided. The pharmaceutical composition comprises (a) hyaluronic acid, (b) a vitamin and (c) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
US08835400B2
The present invention provides a short RNA capable of upregulating MafA expression in a human cell, wherein the short RNA includes a first strand which is 19 to 25 nucleotides in length and comprises the sequence AUCUGUACUGGAUGAGCGG (SEQ ID NO:1) or UUUCCCGCAGGAGAUUGAC (SEQ ID NO:2). Also provided are uses of the short RNA, particular medical uses, and induced cells and uses of the induced cells.
US08835399B2
Methods and constructs are provided for controlling processes in live animals, plants or microbes via genetically engineered near-infrared light-activated or light-inactivated proteins including chimeras including the photosensory modules of bacteriophytochromes and output modules that possess enzymatic activity and/or ability to bind to DMA, RNA, protein, or small molecules. DNA encoding these proteins are introduced as genes into live animals, plants or microbes, where their activities can be turned on by near-infrared light, controlled by the intensity of light, and turned off by near-infrared light of a different wavelength than the activating light. These proteins can regulate diverse cellular processes with high spatial and temporal precision, in a nontoxic manner, often using external light sources. For example, near-infrared light-activated proteins possessing nucleotidyl cyclase, protein kinase, protease, DNA-binding and RNA-binding activities are useful to control signal transduction, cell apoptosis, proliferation, adhesion, differentiation and other cell processes.
US08835396B2
This invention discloses a method and compositions for treatment or prevention of pulmonary hypertension in a mammal. Representative mammals include humans and horses. The invention further relates to supplements especially beneficial in preventing or stopping the progression of pulmonary hypertension. The supplements include ribose and folate. Additional nutrients include omega-3 fatty acids and gamma-linolenic acid.
US08835393B2
The invention provides novel compounds that are inhibitors of IAPs having the general formula: wherein X1, X2, X3, Y, A, R1, R2, R3, R4, R4′, R5, R5′, R6 and R6′ are as described herein. The compouds of the invention may be used to induce apoptosis in cells (or sensitise cells to apoptosis) in which IAPs are overexpressed or otherwise implicated in resistance to normal apoptotic processes. Accordingly, the compounds may be provided in pharmaceutically acceptable compositions and used for the treatment cancers.
US08835391B2
The invention provides methods for treating inflammatory diseases by administering to the subject an effective amount of an agent that provides alpha B-crystallin activity, where the dose is effective to suppress or prevent initiation, progression, or relapses of disease, including the progression of established disease. In some embodiments, the methods of the invention comprise administering to a subject having a pre-existing inflammatory disease condition, an effective amount of alpha B-crystallin protein, to suppress or prevent relapses of the disease.
US08835390B2
The present invention concerns the use of an aquaprin-9 (AQP-9) modulator for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a pathological condition associated with unbalanced osteoclast differentiation. In accordance with one embodiment, the modulator is an AQP-9 inhibitor. An example of AQP-9 inhibitor is phloretin which has been shown to inhibit osteoclast differentiation, following induction of bone marrow cells with RANKL. The invention also concerns methods for modulating osteoclast differentiation, methods for prevention and treating pathological conditions associated with unbalanced osteoclast differentiation as well as pharmaceutical composition comprising such modulators.
US08835384B2
This document relates to compositions containing cardiogenic factors, to methods to obtain cells by culturing initial cells in the presence of such factors; and methods of administering the obtained cells to heart tissue.
US08835374B2
The present invention relates to a process to prepare external structuring system(s) (ESS) comprising crystallized triglycerides including crystallized hydrogenated castor oil (HCO) and packing parameter adjusting agent to provide higher structuring ability. The present invention also relates to laundry detergent compositions in liquid or gel form comprising ESS.
US08835371B2
An agent for the sanitary sector, which agent can be applied directly on a sanitary object, adheres there and can be flushed away only after a relatively large number of flushing operations. The agent includes fillers from the group of surfactants and also an adhesion promoter. The adhesion promoter is selected from hydrogenated polystyrene derivatives and olefin homopolymers and copolymers of two or more olefins, where the olefin homopolymers and copolymers may also be partially hydrogenated. The viscosity of the agent is at least 30 Pas, measured using a Haake viscometer, plate/plate system, plate diameter 10 mm, at a shear gradient of 2.62 s−1 and 20° C. The agent is so sticky that it can serve to attach bar-shaped agents in the toilet bowl. The concentration of the surfactants in the case of an adhesion promoter from the group of polyalkyleneimines is between 7 and 60% by weight.
US08835370B2
Organic cleaner/detergent compositions, formulations and solutions, and methods of cleaning using such compositions, formulations and solutions and manufacturing such compositions, formulations and solutions are disclosed. More particularly, compositions; formulations and solutions used for the cleaning and/or cleansing of a variety of industrial, domestic and/or communal hard surfaces, fiber/soft surfaces, including all natural, organic, synthetic and blended fibers, and organic surfaces, including, but not limited to, human skin and hair and animal skin and hair are disclosed. Such compositions, formulations and solutions are useful as laundry detergents, automatic dishwasher detergents, hard surface cleaners, hand soaps, human shampoos, and animal shampoos.
US08835358B2
Compositions, methods and kits are disclosed for high-sensitivity single molecule digital counting by the stochastic labeling of a collection of identical molecules by attachment of a diverse set of labels. Each copy of a molecule randomly chooses from a non-depleting reservoir of diverse labels. Detection may be by a variety of methods including hybridization based or sequencing. Molecules that would otherwise be identical in information content can be labeled to create a separately detectable product that is unique or approximately unique in a collection. This stochastic transformation relaxes the problem of counting molecules from one of locating and identifying identical molecules to a series of binary digital questions detecting whether preprogrammed labels are present. The methods may be used, for example, to estimate the number of separate molecules of a given type or types within a sample.
US08835344B2
The present invention provides a fuel cell electrode, which has increased physical and chemical durability, and a method for manufacturing a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) using the same. According to the present invention, the fuel cell electrode is manufactured by controlling the amount of platinum supported on a first carbon support used in an anode to be smaller than that used in a cathode to increase the mechanical strength of a catalyst layer and maintain the thickness of the catalyst layer after prolonged operation and by adding carbon nanofibers containing a radical scavenger to a catalyst slurry to decrease deterioration of chemical durability.
US08835335B2
An alkali-free glass of the present invention comprises, as a glass composition expressed in terms of oxides by mass %, 45 to 70% of SiO2, 10 to 30% of Al2O3, 11 to 20% of B2O3, less than 0.1% of As2O3, less than 0.1% of Sb2O3, and less than 0.1% of an alkali metal oxide, and has a thermal expansion coefficient (30 to 380° C.) of 30 to 35×10−7/° C.
US08835330B2
A method includes providing a substrate having an N+ type layer; forming a P type region in the N+ type layer disposed within the N+ type layer; forming a first deep trench isolation structure extending through a silicon layer and into the N+ type layer to a depth that is greater than a depth of the P type layer; forming a dynamic RAM FET in the silicon layer, forming a first logic/static RAM FET in the silicon layer above the P type region, the P type region being functional as a P-type back gate of the first logic/static RAM FET; and forming a first contact through the silicon layer and an insulating layer to electrically connect to the N+ type layer and a second contact through the silicon layer and the insulating layer to electrically connect to the P type region.
US08835326B2
A chemical solution that removes undesired metal hard mask yet remains selective to the device wiring metallurgy and dielectric materials. The present invention decreases aspect ratio by selective removal of the metal hard mask before the metallization of the receiving structures without adverse damage to any existing metal or dielectric materials required to define the semiconductor device, e.g. copper metallurgy or device dielectric. Thus, an improved aspect ratio for metal fill without introducing any excessive trapezoidal cross-sectional character to the defined metal receiving structures of the device will result.
US08835315B2
A capacitor dielectric can be between the storage node and the electrode layer. A supporting pattern can be connected to the storage node, where the supporting pattern can include at least one first pattern and at least one second pattern layered on one another, where the first pattern can include a material having an etch selectivity with respect to the second pattern.
US08835314B2
A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming an etch-target layer over a substrate having a first region and a second region, stacking first and second hard mask layers over the etch-target layer, forming spacer patterns over the second hard mask layer of the first area, etching the second hard mask layer using the spacer patterns as an etch barrier, forming a hard mask pattern over the first hard mask layer of the second region, etching the first hard mask layer using the second hard mask layer of the first region and the hard mask pattern of the second region as etch barriers, removing the hard mask pattern of the second region, and etching the etch-target layer using the first and second hard mask layers of the first region and the first hard mask layer of the second region as etch barriers.
US08835306B2
A method for fabricating integrated circuits includes providing a substrate including a protecting layer over an oxide layer and etching a recess through the protecting layer and into the oxide layer. A barrier material is deposited over the substrate to form a barrier layer including a first region in the recess and a second region outside the recess. A conductive material is deposited over the barrier layer and forms an embedded electrical interconnect in the recess and an overburden region outside the recess. The overburden region of the conductive material is removed and a portion of the embedded electrical interconnect is recessed. Thereafter, the barrier layer is etched to remove the second region of the barrier layer and to recess a portion of the first region of the barrier layer. After etching the barrier layer, the protecting layer is removed from the oxide layer.
US08835303B2
In a metallization system of a semiconductor device, a transition via may be provided with an increased degree of tapering by modifying a corresponding etch sequence. For example, the resist mask for forming the via opening may be eroded once or several times in order to increase the lateral size of the corresponding mask opening. Due to the pronounced degree of tapering, enhanced deposition conditions may be accomplished during the subsequent electrochemical deposition process for commonly filling the via opening and a wide trench connected thereto.
US08835302B2
A method of fabricating a package substrate including preparing a substrate having at least one conductive pad, forming an insulating layer having an opening to expose the conductive pad on the substrate, forming a separation barrier layer on the conductive pad inside the opening to be higher than the upper surface of the insulating layer along the side walls thereof, forming a post terminal on the separation barrier layer, and forming a solder bump on the post terminal.
US08835301B2
A semiconductor wafer has a plurality of semiconductor die with contact pads for electrical interconnect. An insulating layer is formed over the semiconductor wafer. A bump structure is formed over the contact pads. The bump structure has a buffer layer formed over the insulating layer and contact pad. A portion of the buffer layer is removed to expose the contact pad and an outer portion of the insulating layer. A UBM layer is formed over the buffer layer and contact pad. The UBM layer follows a contour of the buffer layer and contact pad. A ring-shaped conductive pillar is formed over the UBM layer using a patterned photoresist layer filled with electrically conductive material. A conductive barrier layer is formed over the ring-shaped conductive pillar. A bump is formed over the conductive barrier layer. The buffer layer reduces thermal and mechanical stress on the bump and contact pad.
US08835287B2
A workpiece is implanted to improve growth of a compound semiconductor, such as GaN. This workpiece may be implanted such that the workpiece has a dose at a center different from a dose at a periphery. This workpiece also may be implanted one or more times to form a pattern of lines, which may be a grid, a series of circles, or other shapes. The distance between certain pairs of lines may be different across the workpiece.
US08835279B2
According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is provided. In the method, a tunnel insulating film and a first conductive film are formed on a semiconductor layer. A trench is formed. A first sacrifice film is buried in the trench. A second sacrifice film having density higher than that of the first sacrifice film is formed on the first sacrifice film in the trench. An insulating film is formed on the first conductive film and the second sacrifice film. A second conductive film is formed on the insulating film. The second sacrifice film is exposed. The first sacrifice film and the second sacrifice film are removed.
US08835278B2
Disclosed are methods for forming a localized buried dielectric layer under a fin for use in a semiconductor device. In some embodiments, the method may include providing a substrate comprising a bulk semiconductor material and forming at least two trenches in the substrate, thereby forming at least one fin. The method further includes filling the trenches with an insulating material and partially removing the insulating material to form an insulating region at the bottom of each of the trenches. The method further includes depositing a liner at least on the sidewalls of the trenches, removing a layer from a top of each of the insulating regions to thereby form a window opening at the bottom region of the fin, and transforming the bulk semiconductor material of the bottom region of the fin via the window opening, thereby forming a localized buried dielectric layer in the bottom region of the fin.
US08835269B2
A method of manufacturing a solid-state image sensor having photoelectric conversion elements and one or more MOS transistors are formed on a semiconductor substrate is provided. The method includes forming a resist pattern having an opening and a shielding portion over the substrate; and implanting ions in the substrate through the opening. When the substrate is viewed from a direction, an isolation region that is positioned between accumulation regions adjacent to one another is exposed in the opening, and when viewed from a different direction, a channel region of the MOS transistors is exposed in the opening, and the isolation region is shielded by the shielding portion. Ions irradiated in the direction are implanted in the isolation region, and ions irradiated in the different direction are implanted in the channel region.
US08835268B2
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a mask film on a partial region of a semiconductor substrate; forming a mask member above the semiconductor substrate in both the region where the mask film is formed and a region where the mask film is not formed; patterning the mask film and an upper portion of the semiconductor substrate by performing etching using the mask member as a mask. The method further includes removing part of the patterned upper portion of the semiconductor substrate by performing etching using the patterned mask film as a mask.
US08835265B1
An insulating layer is formed on a semiconductor substrate; and holes are patterned in the insulating layer where transistor gates are to be formed. A hard mask spacer layer is formed on the upper surface of the insulating layer and the holes. Next, the spacer layer is anisotropically etched to remove the portion of the spacer layer exposed at the bottom of each hole as well as the portion of the spacer layer on the upper surface of the insulating layer. However, the etching process does not remove all of the portion of the spacer layer formed on the substantially vertical sidewalls of the holes. A high-k dielectric layer is then formed on the remaining vertical portion of the spacer layer and on the exposed upper surfaces of the substrate and the insulating layer. A metal layer is then formed on the high-k dielectric layer; and individual gate structures are completed.
US08835261B2
The disclosure relates generally to a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) structures and methods of forming the same. The MOSFET structure includes at least one semiconductor body on a substrate; a dielectric cap on a top surface of the at least one semiconductor body, wherein a width of the at least one semiconductor body is less than a width of the dielectric cap; a gate dielectric layer conformally coating the at least one semiconductor body; and at least one electrically conductive gate on the gate dielectric layer.
US08835260B2
A high-k metal gate stack and structures for CMOS devices and a method for forming the devices. The gate stack includes a germanium (Ge) material layer formed on the semiconductor substrate, a diffusion barrier layer formed on the Ge material layer, a high-k dielectric having a high dielectric constant greater than approximately 3.9 formed over the diffusion barrier layer, and a conductive electrode layer formed above the high-k dielectric layer.
US08835257B2
A method including forming an isolation trench; forming first and second liners on the isolation trench; filling the isolation trench an insulating material to form an isolation region and an active region; forming a preliminary gate trench including a first region across the isolation region to expose the first liner, the second liner, and the insulating material, and a second region across the active region to expose a portion of the substrate, the first region having a first sidewall with a planar shape, and the second region having a second sidewall with a concave central area such that an interface between the first and second regions has a pointed portion; removing a portion of the first liner exposed by the first region to form a dent having a first depth by which the pointed portion protrudes; removing the pointed portion to form a gate trench; and forming a gate electrode.
US08835249B2
A method for forming a semiconductor device includes forming a deep trench in a substrate having a first doped portion to a first depth and a second doped portion below the first depth, the deep trench extending below the first depth. A region around the deep trench is doped to form a buried plate where the buried plate includes a dopant type forming an electrically conductive connection with the second doped portion of the substrate and being electrically insulated from the first doped portion. A deep trench capacitor is formed in the deep trench using the buried plate as one electrode of the capacitor. An access transistor is formed to charge or discharge the deep trench capacitor. A well is formed in the first doped portion.
US08835248B2
Techniques for fabricating metal lines in semiconductor systems are disclosed. The metal may be tungsten. A hybrid Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)/Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) process may be used. A layer of tungsten may be formed using CVD. This CVD layer may be formed over a barrier layer, such as, but not limited to, TiN or WN. This CVD layer may completely fill some feature such as a trench or via. Then, a layer of tungsten may be formed over the CVD layer using PVD. The layers of tungsten may then be etched to form a wire or line. Techniques for forming metal wires using a hybrid CVD/PVD process may provide for low resistivity with a barrier metal, low surface roughness, and good gap filling.
US08835243B2
A semiconductor process includes the following steps. A first structure and a second structure are formed on a substrate. An oxide layer is entirely formed to cover the first structure and the second structure. A nitride layer is formed to entirely cover the oxide layer. A dry etching process is performed to remove a part of the nitride layer on the first structure. A wet etching process is performed to entirely remove the nitride layer and the oxide layer on the first structure and the second structure.
US08835237B2
A method including forming a dummy gate on a substrate, wherein the dummy gate includes an oxide, forming a pair of dielectric spacers on opposite sides of the dummy gate, and forming an inter-gate region above the substrate and in contact with at least one of the pair of dielectric spacers, the inter-gate region comprising a protective layer on top of a first oxide layer, wherein the protective layer comprises a material resistant to etching techniques designed to remove oxide. The method may further include removing the dummy gate to leave an opening, and forming a gate within the opening.
US08835225B2
A Quad Flat No-Lead (QFN) semiconductor package includes a die pad; I/O connections disposed at the periphery of the die pad; a chip mounted on the die pad; bonding wires; an encapsulant for encapsulating the die pad, the I/O connections, the chip and the bonding wires while exposing the bottom surfaces of the die pad and the I/O connections; a surface layer formed on the bottoms surfaces of the die pad and the I/O connections; a dielectric layer formed on the bottom surfaces of the encapsulant and the surface layer and having openings for exposing the surface layer. The surface layer has good bonding with the dielectric layer that helps to prevent solder material in a reflow process from permeating into the die pad and prevent solder extrusion on the interface of the I/O connections and the dielectric layer, thereby increasing product yield.
US08835218B2
Layers suitable for stacking in three dimensional, multi-layer modules are formed by interconnecting a ball grid array electronic package to an interposer layer which routes electronic signals to an access plane. The layers are under-filled and may be bonded together to form a stack of layers. The leads on the access plane are interconnected among layers to form a high-density electronic package.
US08835217B2
Package substrates enabling reduced bump pitches and package assemblies thereof. Surface-level metal features are embedded in a surface-level dielectric layer with surface finish protruding from a top surface of the surface-level dielectric for assembly, without solder resist, to an IC chip having soldered connection points. Package substrates are fabricated to enable multiple levels of trace routing with each trace routing level capable of reduced minimum trace width and spacing.
US08835213B2
A semiconductor device includes a substrate having an active region, a gate structure on the active region, and spacers formed on opposite sides of the gate structure. The gate structure includes a gate dielectric layer on the active region, a metal gate on the gate dielectric layer, and sidewalls on both side surfaces of the gate structure. Each of the sidewalls is interposed between the metal gate and one of the spacers. The sidewalls include a self-assembly material. The gate dielectric layer includes a high-K material. The spacers include silicon nitride. The gate structure also includes a buffer layer interposed between the metal gate and the gate dielectric layer.
US08835205B2
An organic light-emitting display device including a pixel-defining layer and a spacer, and a method of manufacturing the same. The method includes: forming an organic insulating material layer on a pixel electrode; placing a half-tone mask including a light-blocking portion, a partial-transmitting portion, and a light-transmitting portion on the organic insulating material layer and performing an exposure process so that the pixel electrode corresponds to the light-transmitting portion, a pixel-defining layer at least partially surrounding the pixel electrode corresponds to the partial-transmitting portion, and a spacer adjacent to the pixel-defining layer corresponds to the light-blocking portion; and etching a portion of the organic insulating material layer that is exposed so that a pixel area on the pixel electrode is at least partially surrounded by the pixel-defining layer and the spacer. A taper angle of the pixel-defining layer is between about 15 degrees to about 30 degrees.
US08835195B2
A MEMS device fabrication method includes providing a substrate and a chamber wall material layer on a first surface of the substrate, the chamber wall material layer including a chamber cavity having a sacrificial material located therein. A mask material is deposited on the chamber wall material layer and the sacrificial material and patterned to form a mask pattern including a plurality of discrete portions. The mask material and some of the sacrificial material are removed to transfer the mask pattern including the plurality of discrete portions to the sacrificial material. A membrane material layer is deposited on the chamber wall material layer and the sacrificial material that includes the transferred mask pattern including the plurality of discrete portions. Some of the substrate and the sacrificial material are removed to release the membrane material layer using at least one process initiated from a second surface of the substrate.
US08835194B2
A method of testing a semiconductor substrate having through substrate vias for current leakage which includes: forming a current leakage measurement structure that includes substrate contacts, sensing circuits to sense current leakage from the through substrate vias, the sensing circuits connected to the through substrate vias and to the substrate contacts so that there is a one-to-one correspondence of a substrate contact and sensing circuit to each through substrate via, and a built-in self test (BIST) engine to sense one of the through substrate vias for current leakage. A reference current is applied to the sensing circuits to set a current leakage threshold for the through substrate vias. A through substrate via is selected for sensing for current leakage. The sensing circuit senses the selected through substrate via to determine whether there is current leakage from the selected through substrate via.
US08835193B2
An integrated circuit structure includes a work piece selected from the group consisting of a semiconductor chip and a package substrate. The work piece includes a plurality of under bump metallurgies (UBMs) distributed on a major surface of the work piece; and a plurality of metal bumps, with each of the plurality of metal bumps directly over, and electrically connected to, one of the plurality of UBMs. The plurality of UBMs and the plurality of metal bumps are allocated with an overlay offset, with at least some of the plurality of UBMs being misaligned with the respective overlying ones of the plurality of metal bumps.
US08835189B2
A donor film 40 including an organic donor layer 42 and a transfer target substrate 12 including a lower electrode 7 are prepared. The organic donor layer 42 is thermally transferred to the top of the lower electrode 7 of the transfer target substrate 12 to form an organic layer 17 by placing the donor film 40 between the transfer target substrate 12 and a thermal head 38 and bringing the transfer target substrate 12 and the thermal head 38 into close contact with each other by magnetic attraction of a magnetic body 4, and then an upper electrode is formed on the organic layer 17, to obtain an organic EL element. This provides an organic EL element with excellent quality free from unevenness in the transfer of the organic donor layer from the donor film even when the transfer target substrate is large in size.
US08835186B2
The present invention relates to methods, compositions and kits for affinity isolation, affinity purification and affinity assay based on microbubbles coated with an affinity molecule. Particularly, the invention provides protein microbubbles coated with an affinity molecule. In addition, the invention provides glass microbubbles coated with an affinity molecule. Methods of using the microbubbles of the invention for isolating analytes and cells are specifically provided.
US08835183B2
Methods for determining the presence or amount of a complex comprising a first and second molecular entity are provided, preferably an sFlt-1:PlGF complex. A determination of the presence or amount of the complex can be used in methods for predicting, detecting, monitoring a disease, or guiding therapy in respect to a disease such as vascular, vascular-related disease, cardiac, cardiac-related disease, cancer, cancer-related disease, preeclampsia, and preeclampsia-related disease. Determining sFlt-1:angiogenic factor complex is particularly useful for predicting and detecting preeclampsia in early stages of gestation and in stages of the disease where clinical evaluation may be uninformative.
US08835182B2
The present invention provides an immunochromatographic device, which contains the following (a) and (b): (a) a first device part holding a first insoluble carrier used for developing a complex formed with an analyte and a labeling substance comprising a metal labeled with a first binding substance that can bind to the analyte and capturing the analyte and the labeling substance at a reaction portion containing a second binding substance that can bind to the analyte, and (b) a second device part holding a second insoluble carrier used for developing a liquid and a third insoluble carrier used for absorbing a liquid, in such a way that the first insoluble carrier does not come into contact with the second insoluble carrier and the third insoluble carrier.
US08835181B2
A method for determining the amount of live pore forming bacterial toxin protein in a sample is provided, the method including the steps of a) forming a membrane comprising a lipid bilayer and a receptor, b) contacting the membrane with an ion solution and the sample, c) measuring ion flow through the membrane, d) comparing the ion flow through the membrane to a standard curve, and e) determining the amount of pore forming bacterial toxin protein in the sample. A kit for determining the amount of live pore forming bacterial toxin protein present in the sample is also provided.
US08835172B2
A peptide directs nanoparticles (such as quantum dots) to the plasma membrane of mammalian cells. A method of delivery of a nanoparticle to a plasma membrane of a cell includes providing to the cell a nanoparticle attached to a peptide configured to direct the nanoparticle the plasma membrane, and allowing the cell to take up the nanoparticle. The nanoparticle can be a FRET donor to an organic dye.
US08835163B2
The present invention is related generally to embryonic-like stem cells isolated from adult human peripheral blood, designated herein as peripheral blood-stem cells (PB-SC), which display the characteristics of embryonic stem cells and hematopoietic cells. These cells have the capability of proliferation and are able to differentiate to other types of cells. These cells are, therefore, suitable for use in stem cell-based therapies, particularly autologous stem cell therapies, for the treatment of various diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, diabetes, spinal cord damage, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease, stroke and birth defects.
US08835160B2
The present invention provides compositions, methods and kits for generating synthetic genetic circuits in biological systems. In particular, the present invention provides vectors, reagents and methods of their use in constructing synthetic genetic circuits in bacteria.
US08835154B2
A microorganism of the genus Escherichia having enhanced L-amino acid productivity, wherein the microorganism is transformed to have an enhanced NAD kinase activity and an inactivated activity of an enzyme having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 encoded by tehB gene and a method for producing L-amino acids using the microorganism of the genus Escherichia.
US08835150B1
A novel computational method and generation of mutant butyrylcholinesterase for cocaine hydrolysis is provided. The method includes molecular modeling a possible BChE mutant and conducting molecular dynamics simulations and hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations thereby providing a screening method of possible BChE mutants by predicting which mutant will lead to a more stable transition state for a rate determining step. Site-directed mutagenesis, protein expression, and protein activity is conducted for mutants determined computationally as being good candidates for possible BChE mutants, i.e., ones predicted to have higher catalytic efficiency as compared with wild-type BChE. In addition, mutants A199S/A328W/Y332G, A199S/F227A/A328W/Y332G, A199S/S287G/A328W/Y332G, A199S/F227A/S287G/A328W/Y332G, and A199S/F227A/S287G/A328W/E441D all have enhanced catalytic efficiency for (−)-cocaine compared with wild-type BChE.
US08835149B2
The present invention provides novel diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) genes comprising Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domains. The present invention also provides for recombinant cells, such as algae, transformed with acyltransferase genes, such as DGAT, comprising PH domains, and methods of using such recombinant cells to produce increased triglyceride levels.
US08835147B2
The invention relates to the production of glucuronic and glucaric acid in cells through recombinant expression of myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase, myo-inositol oxygenase and uronate dehydrogenase. Cloning and characterization of the gene encoding uronate dehydrogenase is also disclosed.
US08835146B2
Formulations for dry storage of PCR reagents are described. These formulations find use in manufacture of self-contained microfluidic card devices for PCR clinical testing in which the reagents are reconstituted at the point of testing. In these cards, TAQ polymerase is stored “on-board” in vitrified dry form without lyophilization or freezing, and is reconstituted by either the sample or a sample eluate during the assay.
US08835123B2
Diagnostic and therapeutic methods pertaining to diseases and disorders of the breast, uterus and ovary are encompassed herein. More particularly, diagnostic methods for early detection of progenitor cells of breast, uterine, and ovarian cancers are described herein. The identification of markers for these cancer predisposing progenitor cells, which co-express the progesterone receptor (PR) and p63, provides tools and methods of use thereof that facilitate early detection of increased frequency of PR/p63 double positive (PR/p63+) progenitor cells in asymptomatic patients and thus, early detection of increased cancer risk in such patients and assessment, diagnostic stratification, and evaluation of therapeutic intervention in symptomatic patients. Therapeutic methods are also encompassed herein, which include detection of PR/p63+ progenitor cells in a patient, wherein detection of increased frequency of PR/p63+ progenitor cells provides information on which basis a determination of therapeutic regimen or an assessment of an ongoing therapeutic regimen can be made.
US08835114B2
Nucleic acid oligonucleotide sequences are disclosed which include amplification oligomers and probe oligomers which are useful for detecting multiple types of human papillomaviruses (HPV) associated with cervical cancer. Methods for detecting multiple HPV types in biological specimens by amplifying HPV nucleic acid sequences in vitro and detecting the amplified products are disclosed.
US08835112B2
A method for converting animal cells into brown adipose tissue cells is provided that includes transforming the animal cells using an expression vector. The expression vector includes a nucleotide sequence encoding HB-EGF operatively linked to a promoter and a nucleotide sequence encoding ADAM 12 operatively linked to a promoter. Converting animal cells to brown adipose tissue cells can be used to treat obesity or to treat cancer by converting target cells to brown adipose tissue cells.
US08835109B2
This invention is a process for preparing a food or beverage sample containing yeast or mold cells for analytical testing. The food sample is prepared into the form of a filterable liquid, and then filtered using a glass microfiber filter. The filter containing the fungal cell retentate is then placed into a disruption vessel and bead beaten until the glass microfiber filter is completely disrupted into glass fibers in suspension. An aliquot can then be tested directly using melting curve analysis of PCR amplification product derived from the nucleic acids of the sample to detect the presence of the fungal cells from the sample.
US08835108B2
This invention provides RNA, oligoribonucleotide, and polyribonucleotide molecules comprising pseudouridine or a modified nucleoside, gene therapy vectors comprising same, methods of synthesizing same, and methods for gene replacement, gene therapy, gene transcription silencing, and the delivery of therapeutic proteins to tissue in vivo, comprising the molecules. The present invention also provides methods of reducing the immunogenicity of RNA, oligoribonucleotide, and polyribonucleotide molecules.
US08835104B2
Synthetic storage media are disclosed for use in the processing and the storing of platelets. The storage media includes a platelet storage solution and less than 20 percent plasma to preserve platelet function after at least 7 days of storage.
