US08457171B2
A laser amplifier arrangement includes an optical pump source and an axially arranged laser oscillator-amplifier configuration pumped by the pump radiation. The laser oscillator-amplifier configuration includes a laser oscillator excitable by a portion of the pump radiation to emit a laser beam, and a laser amplifier that amplifies the laser beam using the pump radiation. The laser oscillator and laser amplifier are arranged in a substantially coaxial or collinear manner relative to a longitudinal axis of the laser oscillator-amplifier configuration. The pump source includes a first beam source for producing a first pump radiation to pump the laser oscillator, a second beam source for producing a second pump radiation for the laser amplifier, and a pump radiation conducting device, by means of which both the first and the second pump radiation can be lead into the laser oscillator-amplifier configuration substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis for longitudinal pumping.
US08457167B2
Embodiments describe a semiconductor laser device driven at low voltage and which is excellent for cleavage and a method of manufacturing the device. In one embodiment, the semiconductor laser device includes a GaN substrate; a semiconductor layer formed on the GaN substrate; a ridge formed in the semiconductor layer; a recess formed in the bottom surface of the GaN substrate. The recess has a depth less than the thickness of the GaN substrate. The device also has a notch deeper than the recess formed on a side surface of the GaN substrate and separated from the recess. In the semiconductor laser device, the total thickness of the GaN substrate and the semiconductor layer is 100 μm or more, and the distance between the top surface of the ridge and the bottom surface of the recess is 5 μm or more and 50 μm or less.
US08457162B2
An apparatus for and a method of performing packet detection in a receiver is provided. The apparatus is configured to determine a measure of a correlation between information of one or more received symbols and synchronization information. The apparatus is also configured to determine a measure of an energy value of one or more of the received symbols. The apparatus is also configured to determine if a packet has been detected based on the measure of the correlation and the measure of the energy value of the one or more received symbols.
US08457147B2
A cable modem in communication with a cable modem termination system (CMTS) scans and tries to lock onto a primary channel, tries to receive a media access control domain description (MDD) message includes subsidiary channels from the CMTS if the primary channel is locked, and tries to lock onto the subsidiary channels in the received MDD message. The cable modem further retains the cable modem to work with the DOCSIS 3.0 standard upon the condition that the primary channel and the subsidiary channels are all locked or retains the cable modem to work with the DOCSIS 2.0 standard upon the condition that the MDD message is not received or the subsidiary channels are not successfully locked.
US08457146B2
A method and system operable to implement a multiple range, and optionally one-dimensional, transport scheduling process suitable to facilitate signal transport over a network for a variety of traffic types with different service requirements where two-dimensional mapping across frequency and/or time is required.
US08457142B1
A scheduler in a network element may include a dequeuer to dequeue packets from a set of scheduling nodes using a deficit weighted round robin process, where the dequeuer is to determine whether a subset of the set of scheduling nodes is being backpressured. The dequeuer may set a root rich most negative credits (MNC) value, associated with a root node, to a root poor MNC value, associated with the root node, and set the root poor MNC value to zero, when the subset is not being backpressured, and may set the rich MNC value to a maximum of the root poor MNC value and a root backpressured rich MNC value, associated with the subset, and set the root poor MNC value to a root backpressured poor MNC value, associated with the subset, when the subset is being backpressured.
US08457137B2
A branch exchange comprises at least one interface module coupled to a plurality of telecommunication connections including a first telecommunication connection and a second telecommunication connection. A converter is coupled to the at least one interface module and a network interface controller (NIC). The converter is configured to communicate at least one time division multiplexed (TDM) data stream between the converter and the at least one interface module. The converter is further configured to packetize data from one of the telecommunication connections into a first plurality of data packets transmitted to the NIC by the converter. A branch exchange manager is configured to receive the data from the NIC and cause the data to be transmitted over the second telecommunication connection.
US08457135B2
A network including a hierarchical structure of nodes is described. The structure of nodes includes n layers including n−1 layers of switch nodes and 1 layer of computational nodes. Each layer in the structure can include mn-L nodes grouped into units, where m represents a number of nodes in a unit and L represents a layer in the structure, where L=0 represents a lowest layer and L=n−1 represents a highest layer. Each node in a layer other than the computational layer can include a switch node for a unit in a next lower layer. For each unit, each node can be connected to each other node by a point to point link and to a local switch node for the unit by a point to point link. Each node can be connected to each other node and to the local switch node by a local broadcast network for the unit.
US08457133B2
A method of balancing load of an individual network element operating in a pool in a radio telecommunications network. In said network a user equipment is assigned to a network element from said pool of network elements based on relative weighting values associated with said network elements. Said relative weighting value indicates the capacity of a network element relative to other network elements in the pool. The method comprises: periodically determining load of said network element; reducing the relative weighting value if said network element is overloaded for a predefined number of periods, exceeding a limit of allowed consecutive overloads.
US08457132B2
The present invention discloses a method of relaying traffic from a source application (46a-46c) to a targeted destination in a communications network (14, 16). The method comprises the steps of providing a first and at least one second network adapter, each providing access to a network (14, 16) having a plurality of destinations. Furthermore, a first routing table, which defines a first default destination associated with the first network adapter, is provided. Traffic from the source (46a-46c) to the targeted destination is relayed using one of the network adapters (20, 22). According to one aspect of the invention, at least one second routing table defining at least one second default destination is provided. Each second network adapter is individually associated with one second default destination. The step of relaying includes the step of selecting one of the first and second routing tables (60, 62).
US08457126B2
A network traffic distribution device (e.g., a network tap or similar device) is configured to receive and analyze captured network traffic data packets that include tunneling IDs (e.g., GTP tunneling IDs) and, based on that analysis, to distribute those data packets in such a way that data packets with the same tunneling IDs are distributed to a common egress port of the network traffic distribution device. In some cases, each flow of data packets with a common tunneling ID is sent to a unique external device, while in other cases, two or more traffic flows, each with packets having respective, common tunneling IDs may be provided to the same external device, either via a common egress port of the network traffic monitoring device or via separate egress ports thereof.
US08457125B2
G.hn network node and method for operating a G.hn network node in the presence of a homeplug network
Embodiments of a G.hn network node and method for coexistence between G.hn network nodes and HomePlug nodes are generally described herein. In some embodiments, a G.hn network node transmits an additional preamble and header prepended to G.hn transmissions. The additional preamble and header are configured to be readable by HomePlug nodes and cause the HomePlug nodes to refrain from transmitting during the G.hn transmissions.
US08457123B2
C2X communication is made possible efficiently via WLAN by apparatuses and a method for filtering data frames received by a vehicle from a receiver via a WLAN connection, wherein a frame type indicated in a received data frame is used to decide that device to which data in the data frame are transmitted.
US08457118B2
An audio and video communication system, including a handset including a handset receiver and an audio output component, for receiving audio data via the handset receiver and for playing the received audio data on the handset audio output component, a display device, not physically connected to the handset, including a display receiver and a display screen, for receiving video data via the display receiver and for displaying the received video data on the display screen, and a telephony service, communicatively coupled with the handset and with the display, that receives audio and video data from a transmitter computer during a communication session, and transmits the audio data to the handset and the video data to the display device.
US08457109B2
The described embodiments of the present invention include a method for controlling authorization of a multimedia service requested by a user device. In one embodiment, the method includes examining an identity of an access network associated with the user device and an identity of the service requested to determine whether the service is supported; authorizing resources in the access network required by the service if the service is supported; rejecting the service if the service is not supported and if a policy associated with the access network requires unsupported services to be rejected; and authorizing a default level of resources in the access network if the service is not supported and if the policy associated with the access network does not require unsupported services to be rejected.
US08457101B2
A method for transmitting a preamble in a scalable bandwidth system is disclosed. The method includes transmitting a primary synchronization channel to which symbols are allocated at intervals of two or more subcarriers, through a specific bandwidth out of an entire system bandwidth at a start time point of a synchronization period, and transmitting a secondary synchronization channel through the specific bandwidth with a prescribed time difference from the primary synchronization channel at the synchronization period. A mobile station can use the same search routine irrespective of a system bandwidth, does not experience any difficulty at a cell edge in establishing signal timing synchronization, can simply perform preamble search, and can transmit a signal in a maximum usable bandwidth, thereby improving the accuracy of location measurement.
US08457098B2
A method performed by a wireless node includes receiving a data flow associated with user devices; performing a packet inspection of the data flow; determining whether a network address of the wireless node matches another network address associated with the data flow; converting the other network address to a layer 2 identifier when the other network address matches the network address; establishing a bearer link within the wireless node based on the layer 2 identifier; and offloading the data flow from layers of a network, which are higher relative to the wireless node, to the bearer link, wherein the data flow does not traverse the layers.
US08457093B2
System(s) and method(s) are provided that facilitate scheduling system information. Scheduling of system information exploits a control channel associated with a broadcast channel (BCH), and utilizes reference information (e.g., a time reference or a scheduling reference) in addition to system information typically carried by scheduling units (SUs). Scheduling proceeds primarily according to three planning types. (i) A SU carries an indication of a time at which a disparate SU is to be scheduled in the control channel associated with the BCH. The indicated time is a specific time slot in the control channel or a lower bound for an actual scheduling instant. (ii) A first SU indicates a time cycle, or time period, for scheduling disparate scheduling units in the control channel associated with the BCH. (iii) A first SU carries a time indication to a second SU in a same control channel, the second SU indicates a time at which a third SU is to be scheduled.
US08457087B2
Briefly, a wireless communication device that includes a processor to enable a determined number of receivers of a MIMO system according to a value provided with a request to enable the receivers is provided. A method for enabling the receivers of MIMO system is also provided.
US08457086B2
In one example, an Edge Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (EQAM) communicates EQAM information to a Modular Cable Modem Termination System (M-CMTS) core using a routing protocol that is configured on a packet switched network coupling the EQAM to the M-CMTS core. The EQAM generates a routing message according to the routing protocol and inserts EQAM information, such as a description of a modulated channel extending from the EQAM, the service-group information, etc, into the routing message. The EQAM then floods the EQAM information over at least portions of a routing domain by transmitting the routing message to an adjacent intermediary device.
US08457085B2
A wireless connecting system includes a first network apparatus connected to a wireless network and a second network apparatus to be connected to the wireless network. The first network apparatus stores a network wireless setting and an ad-hoc wireless setting. The second network apparatus stores the same ad-hoc wireless setting as that stored in the first network apparatus. The first network apparatus sends the network wireless setting using the ad-hoc wireless setting. The second network apparatus receives the network wireless setting using the ad-hoc wireless setting, determines whether or not the received network wireless setting is adaptive in the second network apparatus, and sends the determination result using the ad-hoc wireless setting. The first network apparatus receives the determination result using the ad-hoc wireless setting, and outputs the received determination result.
US08457084B2
Techniques for communication group configuration in a network are described. Location information describing a location of a first access point and neighborhood information related to the location of the first access point and to locations of neighboring access points are used to assign the first access point to a group of access points, where the group of access points includes one or more of the neighboring access points.
US08457067B2
Methods and apparatus for using separate caches to retain overhead information while a device is in idle mode. A first cache can be associated with a first timer and can be utilized when a device is performing idle handoff. A second cache, associated with a second timer, can be utilized when a device is not performing idle handoff. The second timer can have a longer period of validity than the first timer. The separate caches can be utilized in networks that include femto cell topography, wherein re-use of pilot PN codes are at a greater frequency than the re-use frequency in macro cell topography.
US08457049B2
A method and apparatus for handling system information change. When the system information changes, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be running a procedure. Depending on the nature of the system information, the WTRU may not need to interrupt the procedure to update the system information.
US08457040B2
A central entity and/or a remote device in a communication system are designed to address the problem of maintaining upstream synchronization in the remote device after loss of the downstream signal. One issue of particular importance is maintaining upstream transmissions from the remote device in an S-CDMA (or perhaps S-TDMA) mode that do not degrade performance of the communication system via poor upstream timing or a need for re-ranging. By providing novel functionality at the central entity for synchronizing first and second downstream signals and/or by providing novel functionality at the remote device for determining a symbol clock offset between a first terminated downstream signal and a second re-acquired downstream signal, embodiments of the present invention facilitate maintenance of synchronization through the loss of the downstream signal, thereby minimizing the need for re-ranging and avoiding poorly timed upstream bursts.
US08457032B2
A method for data transmission in a TDD system is disclosed. The method includes: configuring, by a base station, a length respectively for a Downlink Pilot Slot (DwPTS) and an Uplink Pilot Slot (UpPTS) within a special field of a radio half-frame based on a current coverage area taking one Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol as a unit, and issuing a configured result to a user device, wherein a total length of the DwPTS, a Guard Period (GP) slot and the UpPTS is kept to be 1 ms; constructing, by the base station, radio half-frames for data transmission according to the configured result. An apparatus for data transmission in the TDD system is also disclosed. According to the present invention, coverage area of different levels with smaller granularity is supported, radio resources are saved and transmission efficiency is increased.
US08457027B2
Growth of a distributed communication system is facilitated through dynamic addition of routing elements. A new routing element may be added to a network of routing elements by first establishing a connection between the new routing element and an existing routing element in the network. The connection may be either wireless or wireline. At least one address is assigned to the new routing element. Each assigned address comes from a pool of addresses maintained at the existing routing element. At least one pool of addresses is issued to the new routing element, permitting the new routing element to dynamically add yet another new routing element to the network of routing elements.
US08457026B1
Enhanced wireless speeds are obtained using multiple transmission beams. In one example, a transmitter has a signal processor to receive a plurality of data streams, a plurality of analog converters each coupled to the signal processor to receive the plurality of data streams from the signal processor and to modulate the data streams onto carrier waves, and a plurality of phase shifters each coupled to an analog converter to each receive a modulated stream. A first antenna is coupled to more than one of the plurality of phase shifters to receive the modulated data stream from each phase shifter and transmit it on its respective carrier wave, and a second antenna is coupled to receive at least one modulated data stream and transmit it on its respective carrier wave.
US08457023B2
The present invention relates to a method for selecting operating frequency channels having frequency parameters, such as a frequency interval or at least one carrier frequency, for a network communicating data over a shared medium. The network is configured to communicate within a frequency range, and the frequency range is divided into a plurality of frequency channels f1-fn, each frequency channel defines a predetermined frequency parameter. The data to be communicated over the network is divided into sequences FS, each sequence having a plurality of positions SP1-SPm. The method further comprises regularly scanning the frequency range to identify interfering frequencies generated by interfering networks operating within said shared medium, and assigning a frequency channel fk to each position SPi within the sequences FS based on the identified interfering frequencies, whereby the use of interfering frequencies is limited.
US08457021B2
A repeater system for wireless communication system is disclosed forthwith. The repeater system uses an analog frequency converter and digital down and up converter in order to allow the processing of the repeated signal in a relatively low frequency (in the 30 MHz range) and in a digital form (rather than in analog form). The repeater system also provides a programmable multi-band filter which can identify and suppress out of band noises to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the system.
US08457017B2
The present invention provides a system, apparatus and method for providing point-to-point inter-chassis connections within chassis systems and/or network nodes. Multi-chassis systems within a network employ a protocol wherein a peer discovery process is initiated and the discovered neighbors are authentically verified before establishing an active state between point-to-point inter-chassis links.
US08457001B2
The present disclosure provides mesh restoration systems and methods with Optical Transport Network (OTN) links using a signaling and routing protocol, such as Optical Signaling and Routing Protocol (OSRP), Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON), Generalized Multi Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS), and the like. The present invention includes an optical node, network, and method using the signaling and routing protocol for OTN lines of differing bandwidth granularities. The present invention utilizes OTN overhead for in-band signaling and may include capability for supporting SONET/SDH lines as well as OTN lines in the same system using the signaling and routing protocol.
US08456998B2
A system composed of a device configured to communicate, using a first wireless protocol, with a node. The system also comprises a processor coupled to the device and configured to determine whether the node operates in a coexistence mode. If the processor determines that the node operates in a coexistence mode then, as a result, the processor determines when the node operates in the first wireless protocol and communicates, by way of the device and without solicitation from the node, with the node when the node operates in the first wireless protocol.
US08456997B2
A communication method is disclosed, comprising: (i) wirelessly communicating in compliance with an IEEE 802.11 protocol (802.11 QoS) including quality of service extensions between a wireless access point (30) and a station (20) communicating patient data; and (ii) wirelessly communicating in compliance with the 802.11 QoS protocol between a wireless access point (20) and a station (34, 38) communicating content other than patient data. The 802.11 QoS protocol is configured to perform the wireless communicating (i) at a higher priority than the wireless communicating (ii) responsive to an indication (42, 52) that the wireless communicating (i) is communicating patient data, the higher priority providing at least one of faster communication and communication at a lower error rate as compared with the wireless communicating (ii).
US08456994B2
If a distributed shared storage system is used to provide high bandwidth real-time media data that is shared by a large number of users, several complexities arise. In such an application, the high bandwidth real-time media data is distributed among multiple storage devices or servers. Multiple client applications or machines may access the data. To access the data, clients and servers communicate among themselves using short control messages that contain queries and responses, and using longer data messages that contain media data. To reduce this variability in latency, short control messages are posted for transmission immediately, whereas long messages are posted for transmission in a controlled fashion. For example, the number of long messages that may be outstanding at any one time may be limited. Thus, a long message is not posted to the transmit queue if the maximum number of long messages has been reached. A long message may be posted when transmission of an outstanding long message has been completed. In this way, the latency for any short message is limited by the amount of time it takes to send a long message and the number of long messages that are permitted to be outstanding at any one time.
US08456991B2
Packets of real-time information are sent with a source rate greater than zero kilobits per second, and a time or path or combined time/path diversity rate initially being zero kilobits per second. This results in a quality of service QoS, optionally measured at the sender or the receiver. When the QoS is on an unacceptable side of a threshold of acceptability, the sender sends diversity packets at an increased rate. Increasing the diversity rate while either reducing or maintaining the overall transmission rate is new. CELP-based multiple-description data partitioning sends the base or important information plus a subset of fixed excitation in one packet and sends the base or important information plus the complementary subset of fixed excitation in another packet. Reconstruction produces acceptable quality when only one of the two packets is received and better quality when both packets are received. Reconstruction provides for single and multiple lost packets.
US08456989B1
During an initial part of a communication session, a transmitting node transmits digital data over a first air interface channel to a receiving node, using a first data rate and a first level of repetition. A degradation in quality of the communication session is detected. During a subsequent part of the communication session, the transmitting node transmits digital data over the first air interface channel as before but also transmits the digital data over a second air interface channel, using a second data rate and a second level of repetition. The second data rate is higher than the first data rate, and the second level of repetition is higher than the first level of repetition. Thus, during a given transmission period, the transmitting node may transmit a voice frame once over the first air interface channel and N times over the second air interface channel.
US08456983B2
The present invention relates to the field of optical communication and provides a method and system for arranging link resource fragments. The method comprises: configuring cascade services in a link in advance; generating a preset arrangement method according to an initial channel number of occupied channel(s) in the link and a cascade number of service born in the channel(s) (S210); a local end node that initiates a link resource arrangement notifying an opposite end node to arrange link resource fragments (S220); the local end node and the opposite end node reconfiguring a cross connection according to the preset arrangement method (S230). The method and system of the present invention can re-arrange the channel resources within one link, and integrate the scattered channel resource fragments into complete and available resources with a broader bandwidth, thus achieving the maximum utilization of the link bandwidth resources.
US08456977B2
A digital PLL (phase locked loop) circuit (and method thereof), includes an AAF (anti aliasing filter) that limits a frequency bandwidth of an input RF (radio frequency) signal on the basis of a given cutoff frequency, an ADC (analog to digital converter) that samples an output signal of the AAF on the basis of a given sampling frequency, a down converter that converts a data rate of the ADC, and a digital phase tracking unit that generates a synchronous clock signal from an output signal of the down converter on the basis of a given internal frequency. The cutoff frequency and the sampling frequency are fixed, respectively, even when a frequency bandwidth of the RF signal fluctuates. The down converter reduces the data rate according to an increase in the frequency bandwidth of the RF signal.
US08456976B2
There is disclosed herein a method and apparatus for centering a disk on a spindle, a spinstand and a method of testing with a spinstand. The method of centering includes attaching the disk to the spindle with a stick-slip clamp. A vector is determined by which the centre of the disk is displaced from the spindle axis and the vector is aligned with a movably mounted piezo actuator. A voltage is then applied to the piezo actuator to cause the piezo actuator to apply an impulse to the edge of the disk to cause the disk to slip in the clamp and reduce the displacement of the disk.
US08456966B1
A method and system for providing an EAMR transducer and a waveguide used therein are described. The EAMR transducer is coupled with a laser that provides energy. The EAMR transducer also has an ABS that resides in proximity to a media during use. The EAMR transducer includes a waveguide, a write pole to write to a region of the media, coil(s) for energizing the write pole, and a near field transducer (NFT) proximate to the ABS for focusing the energy onto the media. The waveguide includes a mode shift compensator, first and second cladding layers, and a core between the cladding layers. The core directs energy from the laser toward the ABS and has a core index of refraction. The core is also between the mode shift compensator and the NFT. The mode shift compensator has a mode shift compensator index of refraction less than the core index of refraction.
US08456965B2
A thermally assisted magnetic recording head is formed of a slider and a magnetic head. The magnetic head includes a main pole, a reader, a coil, a near-field transducer, and a waveguide. A metal film with high thermal conductivity is formed at both sides of the near-field transducer in a width direction of the magnetic head. The use of the metal film as a radiator plate ensures to prevent the temperature of the near-field transducer from becoming locally high.
US08456962B2
A magnetic head that writes information to a recording medium includes a magnetic pole layer that generates a writing magnetic field to the recording medium, a microstripline that is disposed in proximity to the magnetic pole layer and to which high frequency current is applied, and a ferromagnetic thin film that is disposed on a portion of the microstripline that faces the recording medium, and that generates a high frequency alternate-current (AC) magnetic field to be applied to the recording medium, using a current magnetic field generated on the microstripline due to the high frequency current.
US08456961B1
Systems and methods for mounting and aligning a laser in an electrically assisted magnetic recording (EAMR) assembly are described. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a submount assembly for a laser diode of an EAMR head, the submount assembly including a submount including a block shape including a first surface including a plurality of first conductive pads and a second surface including a second conductive pad, a laser including a main emitter and at least one alignment emitter, the laser having a block shape having a first surface including a plurality of first conductive pads attached to the first pads of the submount, and a slider including a top surface having a conductive pad configured to be attached to the second pad of the submount, wherein the at least one alignment emitter is configured to align the laser and the slider for attachment.
US08456960B1
Hybrid digital-analog time displays are provided to tell time with digital hour and minute values, as well as simultaneous analog tracks that are coordinated in lengths with the minute values. These displays are shown in four successive quadrants and enable users to view current time exactly from the digital values and approximately from the analog tracks.
US08456959B2
A timepiece with a wireless function, including a movement for displaying time; a conductive case that holds the movement; a crystal that is disposed on the face side of the case and covers the face side of the movement; a conductive plate that is electrically conductive, disposed between the movement and the crystal, and reflects radio waves; and an antenna that has a substantially annular, conductive antenna electrode, and is disposed along the outside edge of the conductive plate between the conductive plate and the crystal.
US08456940B2
A phase change memory capable of highly reliable operations is provided. A semiconductor device has a memory array having a structure in which memory cells are stacked including memory layers using a chalcogenide material and diodes, and initialization conditions and write conditions are changed according to the layer in which a selected memory cell is positioned. The initialization conditions and write conditions (herein, reset conditions) are changed according to the operation by selecting a current mirror circuit according to the operation and by a control mechanism of a reset current in a voltage select circuit and the current mirror circuit.
US08456937B2
A semiconductor memory apparatus includes a buffer control unit configured to deactivate a buffer control signal in response to an auto-refresh start pulse, and activate the buffer control signal in response to an auto-refresh end pulse, a command buffer configured to buffer an external command and output an internal command when the buffer control signal is activated, an address buffer configured to buffer an external address and output an internal address when the buffer control signal is activated, and a clock buffer configured to buffer an external clock and output an internal clock when the buffer control signal is activated.
US08456930B2
A memory device including variable resistance elements comprises a plurality of memory cells configured to store data; a first signal transmission/reception unit and a second signal transmission/reception unit configured to transmit a signal to the memory cells or receive a signal from the memory cells; a first transmission line arranged to couple first ends of the memory cells to the first signal transmission/reception unit; and a second transmission line configured to couple second ends of the memory cells to the second signal transmission/reception unit, wherein a first resistance of a first signal path coupled between the first and second signal transmission/reception units through a first memory cell of the memory cells is substantially equal to a second electrical resistance of a second signal path coupled between a second memory cell and the first and second signal transmission/reception units through a second memory cell of the memory cells.
US08456928B2
A method provides improved signal quality in a computer memory system. In one embodiment, a digital signal is generated having a voltage interpreted with respect to a reference voltage. The reference voltage is dynamically adjusted as a function of the traffic intensity at which the digital signal is directed to a particular receiver. A training phase may be performed for each DIMM of the memory system, to construct a lookup table correlating suitable reference voltages with different traffic intensities. The lookup table may be referenced during a subsequent execution phase, to dynamically select a reference voltage according to changing traffic intensity. The dynamically selected reference voltage value may be enforced by using transistors to selectively recruit resistors of a resistor network.
US08456927B2
A page buffer circuit includes: a main latch unit configured to have a main latch value which is dependent on a sub latch output signal, and output the main latch value to a first node; a sub latch unit configured to latch a voltage of a second node as a sub latch value in response to a storage enable signal, and generate the sub latch output signal according to the sub latch value when an output enable signal is activated; and a voltage determination unit connected between the first node and the second node, and configured to electrically connect or disconnect the first node to or from the second node in response to the storage enable signal, and determine a voltage level of the second node in response to the storage enable signal.
US08456921B2
A nonvolatile memory includes a first bit line coupled to a first cell string, a second bit line coupled to a second cell string, and a bit line precharge unit configured to precharge the first bit line and the second bit line before a program operation. A bit line selected from among the first bit line and the second bit line is precharged to a lower voltage level than a target voltage level, and an unselected bit line is precharged to the target voltage level.
US08456920B2
A semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array, first and second data caches, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to control, with use of the first and second data caches, a read operation of reading data from the selected memory cell of the memory cell array, and a write operation of writing data in the selected memory cell of the memory cell array. The control circuit is configured to execute, at a time of the read operation, an arithmetic operation of the data held in the first data cache by using the first and second data caches, and to generate the data which is to be written in the selected memory cell.
US08456918B2
An flash memory device includes a block of NAND cell units, each NAND cell unit in the block includes n memory cell transistors MC controlled by a plurality of n wordlines, and is connected in series between a string selection transistor SST connected to a bitline and a ground selection transistor GST. While a programming voltage Vpgm is applied to a selected wordline WL, a cutoff voltage Vss is applied to a nearby unselected wordline closer to the ground selection transistor GST to isolate a first local channel Ch1 from a second local channel Ch2. As the location i of the selected wordline WL increases close to the SST, the second channel potential Vch2 tends to increase excessively, causing errors. The excessive increase of Vch2 is prevented by modifying the voltages applied to string select lines (SSL) and/or to the bit lines (BL), or the pass voltages Vpass applied to the unselected wordlines (WL
US08456914B2
Disclosed herein is a device that includes at least one selection/non-selection voltage receiving line, at least one word line operatively coupled to the selection/non-selection voltage receiving line, and a plurality of memory cells coupled to the word line; a selection voltage source line; and a selection voltage supply circuit comprising a first switch circuit and a first driver circuit driving the first switch circuit to be turned ON or OFF, the first switch circuit including a first node coupled to the selection voltage source line, a second node coupled to the selection/non-selection voltage receiving line of the first memory plane and a third node coupled to the selection/non-selection voltage receiving line of the second memory plane, and the first driver circuit being provided in common to the first and second memory planes.
US08456909B2
Provided are a nonvolatile memory device and a method for fabricating the same, which can secure the structural stability of a three-dimensional nonvolatile memory device. The nonvolatile memory device includes one or more columnar channel plugs, a plurality of word lines and a plurality of dielectric layers stacked alternately to surround the columnar channel plug, a memory layer disposed between the word line and the columnar channel plug, a plurality of word line connection portions, each of the word line connection portions connecting ends of word lines of a common layer from among the plurality of word lines, and a plurality of word line extension portions extending from the word line connection portions.
US08456908B2
A multi-dot flash memory includes active areas arranged in a first direction, which extend to a second direction crossed to the first direction, the first and second direction being parallel to a surface of a semiconductor substrate, floating gates arranged in the first direction, which are provided above the active areas, a word line provided above the floating gates, which extends to the first direction, and bit lines provided between the floating gates, which extend to the second direction. Each of the floating gates has two side surfaces in the first direction, shapes of the two side surfaces are different from each other, and shapes of the facing surfaces of the floating gates which are adjacent to each other in the first direction are symmetrical.
US08456907B2
A method of operating a semiconductor memory device includes performing a first program loop including a first program operation and a first verification operation in order to store a lower bit data of n-bit data in memory cells coupled to a page, performing a subprogram loop for memory cells of an erase state, having threshold voltages lower than a target voltage of a negative potential, so that the threshold voltages of the memory cells of the erase state become higher than the target voltage, and performing a second program loop including a second program operation and a second verification operation in order to store an upper bit data of the n-bit data in the memory cells.
US08456905B2
A method for data storage includes initially storing a sequence of data pages in a memory that includes multiple memory arrays, such that successive data pages in the sequence are stored in alternation in a first number of the memory arrays. The initially-stored data pages are rearranged in the memory so as to store the successive data pages in the sequence in a second number of the memory arrays, which is less than the first number. The rearranged data pages are read from the second number of the memory arrays.
US08456902B2
Graphene-based switching elements using a diamond-shaped nano-patch and interconnecting nano-ribbons
The use of diamond-shaped graphene nano-patches as novel non-volatile switching elements exhibiting transitions between high and low conductance states based on changes of magnetic ordering of these states. Non-magnetic reconstructed graphene nano-ribbons are used as non-invasive leads to implement the switching elements as carbon-nanoflake based memories and transistors. Switching of the elements may be implemented by electric-field-induced altering of the magnetic state. Graphene nano-patch shapes of certain geometries provide passive electric-field sources such as to establish initial bits of information saved in graphene-based memories.
US08456896B2
A magnetic memory element having a memory cell of size 4F2 is provided that realizes a crosspoint-type memory. In the magnetic memory element, a first magnetic layer, a third magnetic layer (spin polarization enhancement layer), an intermediate layer, a fourth magnetic layer (spin polarization enhancement layer), and a second magnetic layer are stacked in order. The intermediate layer is made of an insulating material or a nonmagnetic material. The second magnetic layer is composed of a ternary alloy of gadolinium, iron and cobalt, a binary alloy of gadolinium and cobalt, or a binary alloy of terbium and cobalt. Alternatively, the first magnetic layer is composed of a ternary alloy of terbium, iron and cobalt, or a binary alloy of terbium and cobalt.
US08456894B2
A mechanism is provided for noncontact writing. Multiple magnetic islands are provided on a nonmagnetic layer. A reference layer is provided under the nonmagnetic layer. A spin-current is caused to write a state to a magnetic island of the multiple magnetic islands by moving a heat source to heat the magnetic island.
US08456889B2
Semiconductor devices including variable resistance materials and methods of operating the semiconductor devices. The semiconductor devices use variable resistance materials with resistances that vary according to applied voltages as channel layers.
US08456886B2
A Phase-Change Memory (PCM) device and a method of writing data to the PCM device are described. The PCM device includes a multi-phase data storage cell having at least a Set state and a Reset state that may be established using a heater configured to heat the data storage cell. A memory interface may be coupled with the heater configured to write data to the data storage cell, the data being represented by the Set or the Reset states. A write Reset pulse is used to place the data storage cell in the Reset state corresponding to a read value that is less than a read threshold. A write Set pulse that is a predetermined function of the write Reset pulse is used to place the data storage cell in the Set state. The PCM device may include additional intermediate states that enable each data storage cell to store two or more bits of information. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.
US08456872B2
A switching power supply includes a switching unit, a driving signal generator, and a control circuit. The driving signal generator is configured for providing a driving signal including a plurality of acting voltage parts. The plurality of acting voltage parts is used to turn on the switching unit. Each of the acting voltage parts may be one of a high level voltage and a low level voltage. The control circuit is connected between the driving signal generator and the switching unit. The control circuit turns off the switching unit when a duration of one of the plurality of acting voltage parts is longer than a preset time period.
US08456871B2
One example controller for a power supply includes an oscillator, a drive signal generator, and a restart circuit. The oscillator generates a clock signal and the drive signal generator controls switching of a switch to regulate an output of the power supply in response to the clock signal. The restart circuit generates a restart signal in response to a current through the switch and in response to an absolute maximum on time period. The oscillator generates the clock signal to have a fixed maximum frequency in response to the restart signal indicating that the current through the switch reaches a current limit threshold within the absolute maximum on time period. The oscillator also generates the clock signal to have a variable minimum frequency in response to the restart signal indicating that the current through the switch has not reached the current limit threshold within the maximum on time period.
US08456870B2
A power supply, which outputs a plurality of voltages in order to improve the cross regulation between output voltages and at the same time reduce the amount of electric power consumed, and an image forming device having the same are disclosed. The power supply includes a power converter, which generates a first output power source and a second output power source in response to an external power supply and a power control signal, respectively; a power output part, which includes output parts to rectify and smooth each of the first and second output power sources; a first output controller, which receives the first output power source feedback from the power output part to generate the power control signal; and a second output controller, which receives the second output power source feedback from the power output part to control to operate the power output part in stable mode.
US08456857B2
A backplane arrangement is provided for an electronic mounting rack with a base backplane with several contact strips, wherein a free space, into which at least one additional backplane can be inserted, is provided on the base backplane.
US08456852B2
A card assembly is used for enabling a first electronic device to be compatible with a card used in a second electronic device. The card assembly defines a first group of specification parameters of the first electronic device to be detachable received in the first electronic device, and further defines a second group of specification parameters of the card. The second group of specification parameters allows the card to be detachable received in the card assembly. When the card assembly, with the card, is received in the first electronic device, the card is directly and electrically connected to the first electronic device.
US08456844B2
An adjustable mount assembly and a related rack mount system are provided. The adjustable mount assembly is adapted for mounting a user interaction device outward from a cabinet structure comprising a first surface and a second surface adjacent to the first surface. The adjustable mount assembly comprises a moving member movable substantially horizontally with respect to the first surface. The adjustable mount assembly further comprises an adjustable frame member coupled to the moving member for mounting the user interaction device, wherein a length of the adjustable frame member is adjustable with respect to the second surface. In accordance with an embodiment, the adjustable frame member comprises a two-fold sliding track, wherein the two-fold sliding track comprises a first fold slidably mounted on the first surface and a second fold fixedly holding the user interaction device.
US08456824B2
A portable electronic device includes a housing and a display mounted onto the housing. The housing includes a bottom wall, a peripheral wall extending from the bottom wall, and a support wall extending from the peripheral wall, along a direction parallel to the bottom wall. The support wall has a top surface, and forms a receiving space together with the peripheral wall and the bottom wall cooperatively. The top surface of the support wall defines a receiving slot surrounding the receiving space. The display is mounted on the housing, and received within the receiving slot of the support wall, to align with the top surface of the support wall of the housing. The support wall further comprises a plurality of buffer slots defined in a bottom surface of the receiving slot and positioned at the corners of the housing.
US08456805B2
A support part serves is arranged in an instrument panel of a motor vehicle to hold a vehicle data display unit having an integrated navigation or radio unit. The support part has a single-piece frame composed of a magnesium pressure die cast material with a central holding frame for the unit and lateral holding frames for the air outlets. The support part is connected at one side to the instrument panel and another side to the cockpit cross member. Centering receptacles for the unit and further centering receptacles for the air outlets are arranged in the central holding frame and in the two lateral holding frames. Centering elements are arranged on the unit and on the air outlet correspondingly to the centering receptacles of the holding frames.
US08456799B2
Disclosed are a multilayer ceramic capacitor and a method of manufacturing the same. The multilayer ceramic capacitor includes a ceramic body having a plurality of dielectric layers stacked on top of each other, at least one internal electrode formed on a corresponding one of the plurality of dielectric layers and having uneven portions formed at an edge thereof, the internal electrode having a connectivity of between 0.7 and 0.9, which is defined by an equation below, and an external electrode formed on an outer surface of the ceramic body and connected with the internal electrode, Z=X−Y/X (Equation) where X denotes a length of a cross-section of the internal electrode in one direction, Y denotes a total length of gaps formed by holes in the cross-section, and Z denotes the connectivity of the internal electrode. The multilayer ceramic capacitor achieves a low crack generation rate and a high level of reliability.
US08456797B1
A laminated chip electronic component includes: a ceramic body including internal electrodes and dielectric layers; first and second external electrodes formed to cover both end portions of the ceramic body in a length direction; an active layer in which the internal electrodes are disposed in an opposing manner, while having the dielectric layers interposed therebetween, to form capacitance; upper and lower cover layers formed on upper and lower portions of the active layer in a thickness direction, the lower cover layer having a thickness greater than that of the upper cover layer; and additional electrode layers disposed irrespective of a formation of capacitance within the lower cover layer.
US08456789B2
A tunable coaxial surge arrestor includes an inner conductor within a bore of an outer body of the coaxial surge arrestor. An inner end of a stub is coupled with the inner conductor. The stub is also coupled with the outer body at a selectable location along the length of the stub.
US08456780B1
An actuator arm for a hard-disk drive (HDD) is disclosed. A piezoelectric element is disposed within a well of an actuator arm. The piezoelectric element is aligned with a neutral axis of the actuator arm.
US08456778B2
A perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) head is fabricated with a main pole and a trailing edge shield having surfaces and interior portions that may include synthetic antiferromagnetic multi-layered superlattices (SAFS) formed on and/or within them respectively. The SAFS, which are multilayers formed as periodic multiples of antiferromagnetically coupled tri-layers, provide a mechanism for enhancing the component of the writing field that is vertical to the magnetic medium by exchange coupling to the magnetization of the pole and shield and constraining the directions of their magnetizations to lie within the film plane of the SAFS.
US08456774B1
A system including a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit is configured to (i) select a first portion of a signal based on a first offset, (ii) amplify the first portion of the signal according to a first function, and (iii) scale the amplified first portion based on a first factor to generate a first compensation for asymmetry in the first portion of the signal. The second circuit is configured to (i) select a second portion of the signal based on a second offset, (ii) amplify the second portion according to a second function, and (iii) scale the amplified second portion based on a second factor to generate a second compensation for asymmetry in the second portion of the signal.
US08456770B2
A microscope apparatus capable of removing liquid from an observation field of view of a dry objective lens, when an immersion objective lens is switched to the dry objective lens, is provided. The microscope apparatus includes a specimen XY stage on which a specimen is placed, a dry objective lens and an immersion objective lens that collect light from the specimen, a movable revolver that selectively disposes one of these objective lenses at a position facing the specimen, and a control unit that controls the specimen XY stage and movable revolver such that the relative positions in the XY direction are changed until the immersion objective lens is disposed at a non-observation region of the dry objective lens, prior to switching of these objective lenses.
US08456763B2
This invention provides an imaging optical lens assembly, in order from an object side to an image side comprising: a front lens group, an aperture stop and a rear lens group; wherein the front lens group comprises, in order from the object side to the image side: a first lens element with negative refractive power having a concave image-side surface; a second lens element with negative refractive power; a third lens element with positive refractive power and a fourth lens element with positive refractive power; wherein the rear lens group comprises, in order from the object side to the image side: a fifth lens element with positive refractive power; and a sixth lens element with negative refractive power; wherein the fifth lens element and the sixth lens element are connected to form a doublet. By such arrangement, sufficient field of view is provided, and the aberration of the lens assembly is corrected for obtaining high image resolution.
US08456757B2
An image capturing optical lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element and a fifth lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface. The second lens element has negative refractive power. The third lens element with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface and a concave image-side surface. The fourth lens element with positive refractive power is made of plastic material, and has a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface. The fifth lens element with refractive power is made of plastic material, and has a convex image-side surface. At least one of the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the third lens element, the fourth lens element and the fifth lens element are aspheric.
US08456755B2
A lens barrel includes a fixing frame provided with cam grooves formed in an inner circumferential surface of the fixing frame, and a drive frame provided with cam followers formed on an outer circumferential surface of the drive frame and a plurality of engaging teeth to the outer circumferential surface of the drive frame, located on substantially the same circumference as the cam followers. With the drive frame incorporated in the fixing frame, the cam followers are fitted in the cam grooves, drive force is transmitted via the engaging teeth, and the drive frame can move relative to the fixing frame in the optical axis direction of a lens as the cam followers move along the cam grooves. In this lens barrel, cam followers are less likely to come out of the cam grooves.
US08456754B2
A zoom lens barrel includes a base member 1001, a linear cylinder 700 fixed on the base member 1001, a cam cylinder 800 configured to be rotatable with respect to the linear cylinder 700, a ball member 701 and a pin member 702 provided on the linear cylinder 700, and a plurality of optical component units. The cam cylinder 800 includes a cam groove 800d that the ball member 701 contacts and that determines a position in an optical axis direction of the cam cylinder 800 with respect to the linear cylinder 700, and a cam groove 800i that the pin member 702 engages with in a radial direction of the cam cylinder 800 and that the pin member 702 contacts in two directions different from each other that are the optical axis direction.
US08456750B2
A zoom lens includes, in order from an object, a first lens group G1 having negative refractive power; a second lens group G2 having positive refractive power; and a third lens group G3 having positive refractive power. The first lens group G1 comprises only one negative spherical lens (lens L11) and one plastic positive lens (lens L12) separated by an air gap. The second lens group G2 comprises three or fewer lenses, including a positive lens component (cemented lens comprising a lens L21 and a lens L22), and one plastic negative lens (lens L23). The following conditional expressions are satisfied: 0.50
US08456749B2
Provided is a zoom lens for imaging an object on an imaging surface. The zoom lens includes, in the order from an object side to an image side thereof, a first lens group with positive refraction power, a second lens group with negative refraction power, a third lens group with positive refraction power, and a fourth lens group with positive refraction power. The first lens group includes a first surface. The zoom lens satisfies the formula: 0.15<|L3|/Lt<0.25, where L3 is a distance of the movement of the third lens group along an optical axis of the zoom lens when the zoom lens is switched between a wide-angle state and a telephoto state, and Lt is a distance from the first surface to the imaging surface.
US08456747B2
A zoom lens includes, in order from an object side, a positive first lens unit without moving for zooming, a negative second lens unit for magnification, a positive third lens unit for magnification, a negative fourth lens unit compensating for image plane variation due to magnification, and a positive fifth lens unit without moving for zooming. When assuming a focal length of the entire system at a wide angle end as fW, and a zoom ratio as Z, a focal length fM at an intermediate zoom position is expressed by the equation: fM=fW×√Z. When assuming an interval between the second and third lens units at the wide angle end as L2W, and a maximum value of the interval between the second and third lens units in a zoom range from the wide angle end to the focal length fM as L2max, the following conditional expression is satisfied: 1.1
US08456741B2
A light dispersion filter is composed of three or more optically transparent layers each having a value equal to the value of the product of the refractive index and thickness of the optically transparent layer and transmitted light, and a plurality of partially reflective layers arranged alternately with the optically transparent layers and having predetermined reflectivities. Alternatively, a light dispersion filter has a plurality of etalon resonators which are arranged in series such that the value of the product of the refractive index of air and the interval of the etalon resonators is equal to the value of the product of the refractive index and thickness of the optically transparent layers.
US08456737B2
The invention provides an amplification optical fiber, which can output light with a good beam quality even when a higher-order mode is excited, and an optical fiber amplifier using the amplification optical fiber.An amplification optical fiber 50 has a core 51 and a clad 52 covering the core 51. The core 51 propagates light with a predetermined wavelength in at least an LP01 mode, and an LP02 mode, and an LP03 mode. When the LP01 mode, the LP02 mode, and the LP03 mode are standardized by power, in at least a part of a region where the intensity of the LP01 mode is larger than at least one of the intensities of the LP02 mode and the LP03 mode, the active element is added to the core 51 at a higher concentration than the central portion of the core.
US08456733B2
The present invention discloses the use of functionalized particles as electrophoretic displaying particles, wherein the functionalized particles are SiO2, Al2O3 or mixed SiO2 and Al2O3 particles comprising, covalently bound to an oxygen atom on the surface, a radical of formula (1), wherein R1 and R2 are independently of each other hydrogen, particle surface-O—, or a substituent, n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, B is the direct bond or a bridge member, and D is the residue of an organic chromophore.
US08456732B2
A light source wavelength modulator includes a substrate made of a material with a high light transmittance and a thermal conduction effect, a wavelength modulation layer formed on the substrate and made of a wavelength modulation material, and patternized or multilayered, and further having a spacer between the wavelength modulation layer and its corresponding light source for achieving the best light source wavelength modulation, such that a portion of light spectrum of an original solar light or LED having no response or poor response to the light receiver is converted into a range of the best application efficiency for improving the utility efficiency of the light source. The white light emitted from the LED is gone through a wavelength modulation to enhance the light emitting color rendering, conversion efficiency and using life.
US08456727B2
An actuator device for optical deflector includes a base for mounting an optical deflector deflecting a light beam from a light source, at least one piezoelectric actuator translating and vibrating said base; and a supporting body supporting said piezoelectric actuator.
US08456722B2
A forgery prevention medium includes a volume hologram layer on which an interference pattern is recorded after being exposed to an emitted laser beam; a digital watermarking information layer that can be interpreted by emitting a light beam with a predetermined wavelength; and an adherend that has the digital watermarking information layer and is attached to the volume hologram layer, wherein the information layer is of a different color from the volume hologram layer.
US08456717B2
A method of scanning comprises detecting a document on a scanning device scanning surface, wherein the document lies directly on the scanning device scanning surface; detecting pressure on the scanning device scanning surface to scan a region of the document; detecting a first point pressure of a first point and a second point pressure of a second point; connecting the first point and the second point, the connecting the first point and the second point forming a boundary between a first document region and a second document region; and receiving a scan instruction to scan at least one of the first region of the document and the second region of the document.
US08456715B2
An information reading system comprising an information processing apparatus, a first information reading apparatus which is connected to the information processing apparatus and reads information on a sheet and a second information reading apparatus which is connectable to one of the information processing apparatus and the first information reading apparatus, and reads information on a sheet. The information processing apparatus comprises a control program including a first driver required to control the first information reading apparatus, and a second driver required to control the second information reading apparatus. Control information from the information processing apparatus to the second information reading apparatus is transmitted via the first driver and the second driver.
US08456714B2
An image forming apparatus includes a printing section, a flatbed scanner section configured to read an original on a reading surface, and a moving mechanism configured to change the angle of the reading surface relative to an installation plane on which the apparatus is installed. The scanner section is capable of performing reading in each of a first mode where the angle of the reading surface is a first angle (vertical) and a second mode where the angle of the reading surface is a second angle (horizontal) different from the first angle.
US08456710B2
An image processing device and image processing method maintain hue and prevent a drop in print quality while also reducing consumption of recording materials. For example, a host computer 3 that outputs output data for printing to a inkjet printer 2 that uses cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y) inks has a drawing unit 210 that acquires bitmap data expressing the density of each channel in each pixel of an image to be printed, a density adjustment parameter setting unit 250 that sets an adjustment value according to the ink deposition level when the ink deposition level setting ink usage is received, a density adjustment unit 220 that adjusts the density of the bitmap data to a density corresponding to the set adjustment value, a color conversion unit 230 that converts the density-adjusted bitmap data to CMY image data expressing the usage of each ink, and a halftone processing unit 240 that generates the output data based on the CMY image data.
US08456708B2
An image processing device converts input image data to converted image data and produces scaled image data based on the converted image data. Each set of converted pixel data in the converted image data includes an achromatic color value and a plurality of chromatic color values. The achromatic color value indicates an amount of an achromatic color material. Each of the plurality of chromatic color values indicates an amount of one of a plurality of chromatic color materials. An achromatic color is produced by mixing at least one of the achromatic color material and the plurality of chromatic color materials. Each set of scaled pixel data in the scaled image data corresponds to at least one set of converted pixel data. The image processing device produces each set of scaled pixel data based on the corresponding at least one set of converted pixel data.
US08456707B2
An invisible ink management method and system. The method includes receiving by a computer processor data associated with an image to be duplicated and a duplication command enabling reproduction of the image. The computer processor receives a command for enabling a duplication prevention functionality and generates a first copy of the image. The computer processor enables an invisible ink spray nozzle. In response, the invisible ink spray nozzle sprays a plurality of invisible images on the first copy. The plurality of invisible images are invisible under first lighting conditions and are visible under second lighting conditions.
US08456698B2
A methodology is disclosed to achieve adaptive illumination independent matching of out-of-gamut spot colors. In one embodiment, the methodology includes an iterative process to determine a variety device specific recipes for out-of-gamut spot colors across different illumination spectra and gamut mapping techniques, and then automatically choosing and/or recommending the optimal recipe and gamut mapping technique that provides the lowest color dispersion across a variety of illuminants under consideration.
US08456690B2
A method of automatically placing N-up images for imposition on media sheet for printing in which, for a user selected value of N, the co-ordinates of the sheet cells are determined and stored; and, the co-ordinates of the media, trim and bleed boxes of each of the images is determined and stored. The user selects, from a menu, a desired set of alignment rules and the system then compares the location of the appropriate bleed, trim or media box with the sheet cell boundaries and shifts the images and automatically locates the selected box on the sheet cell for the desired placement. The method is particularly useful for eliminating the template making in large print jobs for roll fed presses.
US08456680B2
In a printer network system including a client device and a server device connected to the client device via a network, the server device includes a virtual print processor unit which receives a request of a print job from an application unit of the client device and generates image data as intermediate data and job definition data that define print settings of the print job, and an exclusive access control unit which controls exclusively writing and reading of the image data and the job definition data. The client device includes an output condition control unit which determines one of output destinations meeting conditional information in accordance with predetermined rules. A delivering unit acquires the job definition data and the image data by communicating with the exclusive access control unit, selects a printer driver corresponding to the output destination, and transmits a print command to the printer driver.
US08456670B2
A printing device includes a processor, an attribute managing part configured to be activated by the processor to communicate with a host device and to control an authentication printing job received from the host device, a memory configured to store authentication printing job data and user information extracted from the authentication printing job data, and a deleting part configured to delete the authentication printing job data and the user information stored in the memory based on predetermined results of communication between the attribute managing part and the host device. As a result, the user is not required to consider whether the time for which the authentication printing data is stored should be extended.
US08456659B2
According to one embodiment, a deriving operation control device obtains derivation control information and a derivation attribute. A deriving operation propriety determination unit extracts the number of times of previously-performed derivation from the derivation attribute. The deriving operation propriety determination unit extracts the upper limit number of times enabling derivation from the derivation control information and determines that a deriving operation is possible when the number of times of previously-performed derivation is equal to or below the upper limit number of times enabling derivation. A deriving operation execution unit executes the deriving operation.
US08456653B2
A data processing apparatus includes a storage unit configured to store electronic data including first data for identifying policy data that is information indicating an authority for handling the electronic data and is managed by a server apparatus. The data processing apparatus includes a print job data production unit configured to produce print job data based on electronic data to be printed, an acquisition unit configured to acquire the first data included in the electronic data, an adding unit configured to add the first data acquired by the acquisition unit to the print job data, and a sending unit configured to send the print job data having the first data added thereto to an image processing apparatus.
US08456645B2
Described is a method and system for fast three-dimensional imaging using defocusing and feature recognition is disclosed. The method comprises acts of capturing a plurality of defocused images of an object on a sensor, identifying segments of interest in each of the plurality of images using a feature recognition algorithm, and matching the segments with three-dimensional coordinates according to the positions of the images of the segments on the sensor to produce a three-dimensional position of each segment of interest. The disclosed imaging method is “aware” in that it uses a priori knowledge of a small number of object features to reduce computation time as compared with “dumb” methods known in the art which exhaustively calculate positions of a large number of marker points.
US08456644B2
Deformations of a surface of a test object can be measured by attaching mirrors to a surface of a test object, each mirror having a reflective surface with a dimension and a radius of curvature smaller than those of the surface of the test object. Light is directed towards the mirrors and a reference surface, and interference patterns are generated using light reflected from the mirrors and the reference surface. Changes in the surface of the test object are determined based on the interference patterns.
US08456643B2
A method and system for determining a shape of a portion of an air-bearing surface (ABS) of a head residing on a slider are described. The ABS is configured to fly at a fly height from and with a velocity with respect to a disk during normal operating conditions. The method and system include driving at least one heater residing in the head while the slider is substantially at the normal operating conditions with respect to the disk and the fly height. The shape of the portion of the ABS changes in response to the heater(s) being driven. The method and system also include performing Doppler measurements on the slider while the heater is driven. The shape may then be determined based on the Doppler measurements.
US08456642B2
There is provided a laser gauge interferometer with high measurement precision, which uses laser beam interference, includes: a measurement interferometer which generates a measurement output corresponding to a displacement of a moving member; and a correction interferometer which generates a measurement output corresponding to a change in refractive index of air at a constant reference interval. An arithmetic processing device computes a measurement target displacement amount for which the influence of the change in refractive index of air is corrected. A correction laser beam from the correction interferometer passes through the measurement interferometer and thus travels on the same optical path as an optical path of a correction laser beam from the measurement interferometer to become interference light corresponding to the change in refractive index of air through which a measurement laser beam passes, and then enters the arithmetic processing device.
US08456636B2
The invention relates to a device for detecting signs of bacterial infection of teeth, comprising a light source, a receiving unit, an evaluation unit, coupled to the receiving unit, at least one emission fiber, coupled to the light source, and at least one detection fiber, coupled to the receiving unit. The invention is characterized in that both the emission and detection fiber have an acceptance angle of more than 35°.
US08456635B2
Example methods and apparatus for obtaining suspended particle information are disclosed. A disclosed example method includes emitting light from a light source, dividing the light source into a first path and a second path, and directing the first path to a first container comprising a plurality of particles in a suspension material. The example method also includes directing the second path to a second container containing a suspension material devoid of particles, retrieving a first transmission value of the first path through the first container, and retrieving a second transmission value of the second path through the second container. The example method further includes directing the first and second paths to the second and first containers, respectively, retrieving a third transmission value of the first path through the second container, retrieving a fourth transmission value of the second path through the first container, and calculating a ratio of the first and second transmission values to the third and fourth transmission values to determine an indication of transmissivity for a given wavelength.
US08456628B2
A Raman spectroscopy system has a filter arrangement comprising two filters (16, 26A) in series, to reject light of the illuminating wavenumber from the scattered light of interest. The filters are tilted and have different characteristics for light of first and second different polarisation states. To counter this, the filters are arranged so that their respective effects on the respective polarisation states at least partially cancel each other out. This may for example be done by arranging their tilt axes (32, 34) orthogonally to each other.
US08456623B2
An optical component focus testing apparatus includes a plurality of test pattern displays. One or more illuminators are configured to selectively illuminate different test pattern displays at different times. Light directors are provided to direct light from at least one of the illuminated test pattern displays towards an optical component under test. The light directors and test pattern displays are arranged such that, in use, light directed from different illuminated test pattern displays travel different distances to reach the optical component under test.
US08456617B2
An exposure device includes: a light source (LS) which emits a pulse light; and a variable shaped mask (8) which has a plurality of aligned micro movable mirrors and forms an arbitrary pattern by selectively changing the operation state of the movable mirrors. A substrate (P) is exposed to the light emitted from the light source and passes through the variable shaped mask. The exposure device further includes a control device (100) which controls the operation timing to change the operation state of the movable mirrors and the pulse application timing of the pulse light emitted from the light source so that they are synchronized.
US08456606B2
There are provided a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) display not using a backlight unit and a method of fabricating the same. The PDLC display comprises a rear substrate over which a thin film transistor (TFT), a first electrode, and a second electrode are formed, a front substrate apart from the rear substrate and having a first black matrix formed thereon corresponding to a region where the TFT is formed, a PDLC layer disposed below the first black matrix and formed between the front and rear substrates, a light source formed on one side of the PDLC layer and configured to provide light to the side of the PDLC layer, and a first reflection plate formed on the other side of the PDLC layer and configured to reflect light incident via the PDLC layer.
US08456604B2
A liquid crystal device includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal disposed between the pair of substrates, and a seal member disposed around the liquid crystal, wherein a liquid crystal storage portion is disposed in the inner circumference of the seal member by forming a concave portion on the substrate.
US08456599B2
A display substrate includes a switching element and a pixel electrode. The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the switching element. The pixel electrode includes a plurality of slit electrodes that are conductive elements respectively disposed in a plurality of domains oriented substantially parallel to each other and extending substantially in a first direction. The slit electrodes each extend in a direction different from the first direction. Each slit electrode is an elongated structure having first and second long sides, and first and second short sides positioned opposite to each other and each extending between the first and second long sides, where the first long side oriented at an angle with respect to the first direction that is different from that of the second long side. Thus, a plurality of domains is formed, so that generation of texture may be decreased and compensating efficiency may be enhanced.
US08456593B2
Disclosed is a transparent display device for enhancing image quality, and the transparent display device may include liquid crystal display panel; a light source disposed at one side of a lower portion of the liquid crystal display panel to emit light; a first polarizing plate to first-polarize the light emitted from the light source; a light guide plate at a lower portion of the liquid crystal display panel to receive the light first-polarized by the first polarizing plate through a lateral surface thereof, a pattern being formed on the upper surface of the light guide plate to output the incident first-polarized light in a lower direction of the light guide plate; a second polarizing plate at an upper portion of the liquid crystal display panel to control the amount of light transmitting the liquid crystal display panel; and a first optical sheet at a lower portion of the light guide plate to reflect the first-polarized light received from the light guide plate, and transmit a second polarization component of natural light received from the lower portion thereof.
US08456592B2
A backlight unit and a liquid crystal display including the same are provided. The backlight includes a light guiding plate, a reflector, and at least one LED assembly including an LED light source, a substrate, and a support plate. A plurality of protrusions formed on a cover of the liquid crystal display are configured to mate to a plurality of concave portions formed on the light guiding plate, the reflector, and the LED assembly to mount the various components of the liquid crystal display onto the cover.
US08456589B1
The present invention is directed to a display device which comprises a display device, a mechanical light and optionally a luminance enhancement structure. This type of display device assembly is particularly useful for e-books comprising a luminance enhancement structure designed to direct a significant amount of light towards the reader of the e-books.
US08456574B2
Service mode data is stored in a television chassis or set by duplicating all the data that is accessible by service mode, i.e. by storing the same data twice, in two separate areas of a single memory device or two separate memory devices. A “working memory” is always accessible by the chassis. A “reserved memory” is normally not accessible by the chassis. At the factory, the same service mode data is input to both the working memory and the reserved memory. The chassis microprocessor would normally only access the working memory. If any data in the working memory is changed (intentionally or not), the original factory data can be recovered from the reserved memory and copied to the working memory by executing a specific access operation.
US08456564B2
Provided are a wafer scale lens, which is so short in an optical total length with respect to an image height that it can correct an aberration satisfactory, and an optical system including the wafer scale lens and having a thin lens element on the side closest to the image. The optical system includes a first lens having a positive refractive power relative to an object, and a second lens arranged on the side of the image of the first lens and having a recessed shape on the side of the object. At least one lens is arranged on the side of the second lens. When that one of the lenses arranged on the side of the image of the second lens, which is arranged on the side closest to the image, is an i-th lens (i>3), this i-th lens includes an i-th lens flat plate and is formed on the object side of the i-th lens flat plate but has a refractive index different from that of the i-th lens flat plate, and a lens element having a convex shape on the object side where the main light ray of the maximum image height passes. Moreover, the ratio between the optical axial distance (or the lens distance) between a (i−1)-th lens and the i-th lens and the optical axis distance (or the optical total length) from the object side face of the first lens to the image face is 0.01 to 0.15.
US08456563B2
A solid-state imaging device includes: an imaging unit wherein a plurality of light sensing units formed in a matrix and a plurality of interconnections are formed among the plurality of light sensing units; a color filter that is disposed over the imaging unit, and delivers colors to the light sensing units in accordance with a predefined rule; and on-chip lenses that are disposed corresponding to the light sensing units on a one-by-one basis over the color filter, and have light-collection characteristics varying in accordance with differences among sensitivities of the light sensing units, where the differences among the sensitivities of the light sensing units are generated, when the same colors are delivered to the light sensing units in accordance with the same rule, owing to the fact that positions of the individual interconnections relative to the light sensing units vary periodically.
US08456547B2
Described is a device (e.g., a cell phone incorporating a digital camera) that incorporates a graphics processing unit (GPU) to process image data in order to increase the quality of a rendered image. The processing power provided by a GPU means that, for example, an unacceptable pixel value (e.g., a pixel value associated with a malfunctioning or dead detector element) can be identified and replaced with a new value that is determined by averaging other pixel values. Also, for example, the device can be calibrated against benchmark data to generate correction factors for each detector element. The correction factors can be applied to the image data on a per-pixel basis. If the device is also adapted to record and/or play digital audio files, the audio performance of the device can be calibrated to determine correction factors for a range of audio frequencies.
US08456540B2
According to one embodiment, a solid-state imaging device includes a pixel unit, a flicker detecting unit, a flicker-level estimating unit, and a flicker correcting unit. The flicker detecting unit detects, based on a magnitude relation of a signal amount in each of lines formed in the pixel unit, presence or absence of a flicker. The flicker-level estimating unit estimates a flicker level in each of the lines of the next frame. The flicker correcting unit corrects, for each of the lines, a flicker that occurs in a signal of an image picked up by the pixel unit.
US08456539B2
A method of automatic task execution is adapted to be performed by an electronic apparatus that includes an image-capturing module and a processing module. The method includes the steps of: a) recording in the processing module a relationship between a visible physical attribute of an object and a corresponding task to be executed by the processing module; b) configuring the electronic apparatus for capturing an image containing a target using the image-capturing module; c) configuring the processing module to determine if the visible physical attribute of the object is found in the image captured by the image-capturing module; and d) when the visible physical attribute of the object is found in the image, configuring the processing module to execute the corresponding task automatically.
US08456534B2
A multi-directional remote control system and method is adapted for use with an entertainment system of a type including a display such as a monitor or TV and having display functions employing a mouse type control. The remote controller may be conveniently held in one hand of a user and still provides full mouse type functionality. The remote control system and method images the screen of the TV or other display to detect relative motion between the controller and screen. This position information is transmitted to the entertainment system for control of a cursor or other GUI interface.
US08456533B2
In the case where an automatic transferable recording medium has been detected, the naming rule is changed to a naming rule according to which a filename having the next number after a number given to an image file that was recorded last time is generated, out of a plurality of selectable naming rules for generating a filename to be given to an image that is to be newly recorded.
US08456530B2
A system for detecting and locating a digital TV leakage signal in an HFC network. The system comprises a headend unit and a leakage detector. The headend unit receives the TV signal at the headend for use as a reference signal. The reference signal is sampled at a rate corresponding to a time reference signal, to produce reference signal samples. The reference signal samples and timestamp are transmitted to the leakage detector. The detector receives the digital TV signal from a leakage source, for detection as a leakage signal. The detector includes a cross-correlation processor. The leakage signal is sampled at a rate corresponding to the time reference signal, to produce leakage signal samples. The cross-correlation processor performs a cross-correlation of the reference signal samples with the leakage signal samples to produce a cross-correlation function having a peak, and the TV leakage signal is detected from this peak.
US08456524B2
Linear and rotational speeds of a mobile device are calculated using distance estimates between imaging sensors in the device and objects or scenes in front of the sensors. The distance estimates are used to modify optical flow vectors from the sensors. Shifting and rotational speeds of the mobile device may then be calculated using the modified optical flow vector values. For example, given a configuration where the first imaging sensor and the second imaging sensor face opposite directions on a single axis, a shifting speed is calculated in the following way: multiplying a first optical flow vector and a first distance estimate, thereby deriving a first modified optical flow vector value; multiplying a second optical flow vector and a second distance estimate, thereby deriving a second modified optical flow vector value; the second modified optical flow vector value may then be subtracted from the first modified optical flow vector value, resulting in a measurement of the shifting speed.
US08456523B2
The invention relates to a laser machining head (100) for machining a workpiece by means of a working laser beam (108), with a camera (102) with an imaging lens system (116) arranged in front of said camera in the beam path for observing a machining region of the workpiece that is being machined by means of the working laser beam (108), with a focusing lens system (114) for focusing the working laser beam (108) on the workpiece surface (104) or on a position defined in relation to the workpiece surface (104), and with an evaluation unit (122) which is designed to calculate a corrective adjusting displacement (ΔZos, ΔZB) by means of an adjusting displacement (ΔdKL) of the imaging lens system (116) in the direction of the optical axis in order to refocus the camera image when there is a shift in the focal point of the focusing lens system (114), which corrective adjustment displacement compensates a shift in the focal point of the focusing lens system (114) in relation to the workpiece surface (104) or with respect to a position defined in relation to the workpiece surface (104).
US08456509B2
System and method for performing a videoconference. One or more computers are utilized to schedule a videoconference call in response to user input requesting the videoconference call, where the user input further specifies presentation materials for presentation during the videoconference call. The presentation materials are uploaded to a content server computer, and the videoconference call is conducted between a plurality of participants at respective participant locations, where the videoconference call is performed using a plurality of videoconferencing endpoints at respective ones of the participant locations, and where the plurality of videoconferencing endpoints are coupled to the content server computer over a network. During the videoconference call, the presentation materials are provided to each of the plurality of videoconferencing endpoints from the content server computer over the network, where the provided presentation materials are presented by each videoconferencing endpoint.
US08456507B1
A conference call system with a plurality of endpoints, a participant control server, a conference bridge and a switch is described. A first endpoint transmits conference data to the participant control server. The participant control server transmits the conference data to the other endpoints. In response to requests from the endpoint, the participant control server transmits recorded conference data for video, audio and web sessions that are individually controllable to pause, fast-forward and rewind the conference data. The participant control server establishes secondary connections for the endpoints including a ghost hold and a sidebar.
US08456500B2
A printing apparatus including a head holding unit movably configured to hold a thermal head so that the thermal head can be in a pressing state pressing against a platen and in a separated state separated from the platen, a conveyance mechanism configured to convey an ink ribbon and a recording sheet which are put on each other to a recording region between the thermal head and the platen, a reflection surface provided on the head holding unit, and a ribbon sensor configured to detect a marker applied on the ink ribbon, the ribbon sensor being provided on an opposite side to the reflection surface across a path of the ink ribbon which has passed through the recording region and been peeled from the recording sheet. The ribbon sensor includes a light emitting element and a light receiving element. The reflection surface is configured so that light incident from the light emitting element reaches the light receiving element in both the separated state and the pressing state.
US08456497B2
A decoloring apparatus includes a conveyance path, a paper feeding part, a reading part, a communication part, a decoloring part and a control part. The conveyance path conveys a sheet to respective parts in the apparatus. The paper feeding part feeds a sheet on which an image is formed by a decolorable colorant to the conveyance path from a sheet stack part. The reading part is provided downstream of the paper feeding part in the conveyance path and reads the image of the sheet. The communication part transmits read image data of a preceding sheet to a management apparatus communicably connected to the decoloring apparatus and receives a determination result of a conveyance destination of the preceding sheet obtained by the management apparatus based on the image data. The decoloring part is provided downstream of the reading part in the conveyance path and erases the image of the sheet. After the communication part receives the determination result of the conveyance destination of the preceding sheet obtained by the management apparatus, the control part conveys the preceding sheet subjected to reading to the determined conveyance destination, and reads an image of a subsequent sheet by the reading part so that a leading edge of the subsequent sheet does not collide with a trailing edge of the preceding sheet.
US08456494B2
Disclosed embodiments utilize MIP techniques to determine optimum bit sequences that minimize PWM artifacts. The problem would first be restructured and redefined into a form suitable for MIP. An objective function designed to minimize PWM artifacts would allow for evaluation of resulting bit sequences in order to determine optimality. Constraints (that relate the inputs and variables) are developed. These constraints would determine whether a particular bit sequence can be used on a given system, and whether a particular bit sequence would satisfy any user defined rules. Once these are determined, an MIP solver would generate an optimized bit sequence(s). Only bit sequences that satisfy the constraints would be evaluated using the objective function, allowing for a quicker determination of a solution. This MIP solution may be generated quickly, allowing for a shorter production period while still optimizing the bit sequences to minimize PWM artifacts.
US08456490B2
An image zooming method for adjusting an image in a monitor display area includes the steps of setting at least one focus region in the image in the monitor displaying area; obtaining a focus center in accordance with the focus region; setting a zooming rate of the image; obtaining a shift vector in accordance with a display center of the monitor display area, the focus center and the zooming rate; and shifting the image in the monitor display area in accordance with the shift vector, and setting the size of the image in the monitor display area in accordance with the zooming rate.
US08456489B2
A method of displaying a document with an image. Tabs 351 to 354 associated with the same document are set on a document screen 33 of a document display screen 32, with one of the tabs (351) open. A base image 36 attached to the document is displayed on the tab 351. At the position for a comment, etc. of this base image, objects (added information) such as a comment 37, a pattern 38 related to the comment, a symbol 39 and an arrow 41 are added. These objects can be added by operating an “add” button 16a or an object select section 42. Also, an added object list screen 34 indicating a list of the objects added is displayed. The added information such as a comment added to the base image can be immediately viewed in the state related to the base image.
US08456488B2
A method and apparatus for managing digital images is provided. A collection of digital images may be managed using a digital image system that displays images using groups, stacks, and versions. A group is a set of unordered digital images that may be visually represented, in a first state, using a representative image, and in a second state, by each digital image in the group. Stacks are similar to groups, except that each digital image in a stack has a rank, and each digital image in the stack is depicted in order of its rank. Versions are similar to groups, except that one or more images in the group are derived from another image in the group.
US08456487B2
A process of staging a live or pre-recorded performance that follows a schedule is disclosed. The performance involves electronic and mechanical media that are computer controlled, preferably so as to create a virtual reality of events. When an action that is not normal to the schedule occurs, the timing, speed, or sequence of one or more media activities are adjusted to compensate for the action so that the action does not adversely affect the continuity and totality of the performance to the audience. Computer hardware and software embodiments include a script of a scheduled performance and a control program that steps through the script while allowing for flexibility and adaptation of the performance in response to an action that is not normal to the schedule. A control interface to the sensory stimuli device may be provided to sensory stimuli associated with the performance by the control program.
US08456485B2
An image processing apparatus that corrects chromatic aberration that occurs in a display optical system, using a display unit in which respective pixels have a plurality of primary color elements that emit light of respectively differing primary colors, the apparatus comprises an acquisition unit adapted to acquire a displacement amount in which the position of a primary color element used as a light source is used as a reference, for light of each primary color emitted by a primary color element of the display unit, a calculation unit adapted to calculate a display position in the display unit for each primary color component of each pixel in a display image, based on the acquired displacement amount, and a display control unit adapted to display each primary color component of each pixel of the display image at the display position of the display unit calculated by the calculation unit.
US08456483B2
The subpixel rendering component of a display system provides the capability to substitute a second subpixel rendering filter for a first subpixel rendering filter for computing the values of certain subpixels on the display panel when the input image data being rendered indicates an image feature that may give rise to a color balance error at some portion of the displayed output image. An image processing method of correcting for color balance errors detects the location of a subpixel being rendered and for certain subpixels, detects whether the input image data indicates the presence of a particular image feature. When the image feature is detected for particular subpixels being processed, a second subpixel rendering image filter is substituted for a first subpixel rendering image filter.
US08456478B2
A microcontroller with an integrated special instruction processing unit and a programmable cycle state machine. The special instruction processing unit allows offloading of intensive processing of output data and the programmable cycle state machine minimizes the amount of customized, off chip circuitry necessary to connect the microcontroller to an external display.
US08456474B2
A database compiler sequentially selects element points constituting an outline of a polygon corresponding to polygon data obtained from a map database. When it is determined that one of the selected polygon element points is positioned on a map mesh boundary, a coordinate of the polygon element point is shifted toward an inside portion of the polygon by 1 point. When the polygon is to be displayed in an emphatic manner, the polygon data which has been coordinate-shifted is obtained. When it is determined that a portion of the outline of the polygon corresponding to the obtained polygon data is positioned on one of the map mesh boundaries, the portion of the outline is displayed in a non-emphatic manner and the remaining portions of the outline are displayed in an emphatic manner.
US08456473B1
A method comprises displaying a visible representation of a plurality of stocks in a stock market by a respective plurality of regions that are arranged based on a plurality of similarity values between a respective plurality of pairs of the stocks. Each of the plurality of similarity values is based on a respective correlation between a respective first time series indicating, for each of a plurality of time intervals, an aggregate level of messaging in postings of messages for a respective first stock in its respective pair of the stocks and a respective second time series indicating, for each of the plurality of time intervals, an aggregate level of messaging in postings of messages for a respective second stock in its respective pair of the stocks. Each of the regions is user-selectable to retrieve information from a message board associated with its respective one of the plurality of stocks.
US08456461B2
A method and apparatus for ambient light detection and power control using photovoltaics is disclosed. In an embodiment, a device includes a display and a photovoltaic cell. The photovoltaic cell acts as both an ambient light sensor and a power source. Based on the detected ambient light level, the brightness of the display is increased or decreased to save power, and energy captured by the photovoltaic cell is converted into a useable power signal which is stored or used by device components.
US08456459B2
A lightweight, thin, small size semiconductor device is provided. A pixel has a display portion, and a light receiving portion comprising a photodiode. A transistor is used with the semiconductor device for controlling the operation of the display portion and the light receiving portion.
US08456452B2
Disclosed herein are an optical pen mouse capable of magnifying a displayed object and a method of magnifying a displayed object using the same. The optical pen mouse includes a magnification setting unit and a microcomputer. The magnification setting unit inputs a magnification (M) so as to adjust a size of an object to be displayed on the monitor of a computer. The microcomputer calculates input coordinate values (X,Y) (a horizontal coordinate value, a vertical coordinate value) based on an electrical signal from the light receiving unit, and, when the magnification (M) is received from the magnification setting unit, calculates display coordinate values (X′,Y′) based on the input coordinate values (X,Y) and the magnification (M), converts the calculated display coordinate values (X′,Y′) into a coordinate data code, and outputs the coordinate data code.
US08456449B2
A touch sensing apparatus includes; at least one light source which sequentially generates a plurality of lights, a light sensor which faces the at least one light source and outputs a plurality of signals corresponding to a magnitude of the plurality of lights, a light guide plate interposed between the at least one light source and the light sensor to guide the plurality of lights from the at least one light source to the light sensor and a coordinate generator which calculates coordinates of a touch input which occurs on the light guide plate using the signal output from the light sensor corresponding to the touch input.
US08456447B2
A coordinate detection system can comprise a display screen, a touch surface corresponding the top of the display screen or a material positioned above the screen and defining a touch area, at least one camera outside the touch area and configured to capture an image of space above the touch surface, an illumination system comprising a light source, the illumination system configured to project light from the light source through the touch surface, and a processor executing program code to identify whether an object interferes with the light from the light source projected through the touch surface based on the image captured by the at least one camera. Light can be directed upward by sources positioned behind the screen, by sources positioned behind the screen that direct light into a backlight assembly that directs the light upward, and/or by a forward optical assembly in front of the screen that directs the light upward.
US08456432B2
A touch input-type electronic device is disclosed. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the touch input-type electronic device includes a touchscreen panel, an actuator, which vibrates the touchscreen panel, a guide unit, which supports both ends of the actuator, such that vibration of the actuator can be transferred to the touchscreen panel, and supports the touchscreen panel, and a case, which supports the guide unit. Thus, the touch input-type electronic device in accordance with the present embodiment can provide an appealing sensory feel corresponding to a position that is pressed directly by the user, by vibrating the pressed position.
US08456424B2
An input display device comprises an operation panel including a first display operation area that enables operation screens to be switched hierarchically based on a selected operation key and to display a fixed-arrangement of operation keys in respective layers, and a second display operation area that displays an operation history indicating that the operation key has been selected; a selected key use determination unit configured to determine which of the operation keys has been selected when the operation key is selected from one of the first display operation area and the second display operation area; a storage processing unit configured to successively store results determined by the selected key use determination unit into a storage device as operation history information; and a selected key use history display control unit configured to display the operation history information stored in the storage device into the second display operation area.
US08456422B2
An input apparatus, a control apparatus, a control system, a control method, and a handheld apparatus with which a user can easily control a movement and stop of a pointer displayed on a screen are provided. An input apparatus includes a sensor unit for detecting a movement of a casing and a button. An MPU outputs a determination code when a press of the button is released within a first time period. On the other hand, when the button is pressed and held for a time period equal to or longer than a first time period, a movement command is output from after an elapse of the first time period. Accordingly, the button is provided with a function corresponding to a determination input button and a function corresponding to an input button for controlling a movement and stop of a pointer, for example. As a result, a user can easily control the movement and stop of the pointer without mixing up an input operation for moving and stopping the pointer with other input operations.
US08456417B2
A user interface system determines image display presentation characteristics using a displayed image parameter selection control providing image parameter selection data, responsive to the received cursor command data. The displayed image parameter selection control includes a shape having an origin and one or more different sectors associated with one or more corresponding different sets of parameters determining image color or grayscale characteristics and a linear element lying along a line from the origin to a perimeter of the shape and being rotatable about the origin, (a) within a sector to select a value within a range of values determining a first image display characteristic and (b) between sectors to select one of the different sets of parameters determining image color or grayscale characteristics. A display processor initiates display of an image having display presentation characteristics determined by the image parameter selection data.
US08456405B2
A liquid crystal display device and driving method therefor are disclosed. The device includes a plurality of signal lines that apply different gray scale voltages to each of the pixels. A driving circuit is provided to generate the gray scale voltages to be applied to the pixels. In operation, the driving circuit applies the first gray scale voltage at intervals of the horizontal scanning time within a display period. The second gray scale voltage is output by a number of times that is not smaller than twice and not greater than (M-N) times at intervals of the horizontal scanning time from the beginning of the vertical retrace interval. The second gray scale voltage is then stopped until completion of the vertical retrace interval.
US08456404B2
A power supply circuit of the present invention includes a voltage boosting capacitor, a first switch, a second switch, an addition comparison circuit, and a control circuit. The first switch charges the voltage boosting capacitor by applying a first voltage thereto. The second switch connects a second voltage serially to the voltage boosting capacitor that is already charged, thereby boosting the voltage therein. The addition comparison circuit adds up the voltage of the voltage boosting capacitor and the second voltage and compares the comparison result, with a predetermined threshold value. The control circuit controls the on/off state of the first switch according to the comparison result of the addition comparison circuit.
US08456401B2
The gate electrode is formed above the polycrystalline semiconductor layer through the gate insulating film. The polycrystalline semiconductor layer includes a first region overlapping with the gate electrode in plan view. The first region is sandwiched between the second region and the third region. The second region of the polycrystalline semiconductor layer includes a first impurity diffusion region and two second impurity diffusion regions opposite in conductivity type to the first impurity diffusion region. The first region and the first impurity diffusion region are in contact with each other at a first boundary. The first region and the two second impurity diffusion regions are in contact with each other at second boundaries. The two second impurity diffusion regions sandwiching the first impurity diffusion region are provided along the gate electrode. Thus, a leak current is suppressed.
US08456392B2
The present invention provides a method of manufacturing an electronic apparatus, such as a lighting device having light emitting diodes (LEDs) or a power generating device having photovoltaic diodes. The exemplary method includes forming at least one first conductor coupled to a base; coupling a plurality of substantially spherical substrate particles to the at least one first conductor; converting the substrate particles into a plurality of substantially spherical diodes; forming at least one second conductor coupled to the substantially spherical diodes; and depositing or attaching a plurality of substantially spherical lenses suspended in a first polymer. The lenses and the suspending polymer have different indices of refraction. In some embodiments, the lenses and diodes have a ratio of mean diameters or lengths between about 10:1 and 2:1. In various embodiments, the forming, coupling and converting steps are performed by or through a printing process.
US08456391B2
Provided is a method of driving a pixel circuit including a light emitting element and a driving transistor which are connected in series, and a storage capacitor disposed between the path between the light emitting element and the driving transistor and the gate of the driving transistor, the method including the steps of: supplying a driving signal, of which the time rate of change of the potential varies over time, to a gate of the driving transistor; stopping the supply of the driving signal at a point in time which is set to be variable in accordance with a gradation specified for the pixel circuit; and supplying a driving current corresponding to an open circuit voltage of the storage capacitor to the light emitting element.
US08456389B2
A display device includes a luminescence element. A power line provides the luminescence element with an electric current. A capacitor accumulates a driving voltage corresponding to a data voltage. A driver flows the electric current according to the driving voltage accumulated in the capacitor through the luminescence element via the power line. A controller is configured to set a reverse bias voltage and an application time period according to an amount of luminescence produced by the luminescence element, and to determine luminance levels in luminescence periods. The controller sets the reverse bias voltage and the application time period according to a peak luminance of the luminance levels when a difference between the peak luminance and an average luminance of the luminance levels exceeds a predetermined threshold, and applies the reverse bias voltage for the application time period within an OFF period of the data voltage for removing an electric charge accumulated in the luminescence element. The OFF period is within one of the luminescence periods.
US08456375B2
In a dielectrically-loaded multifilar helical antenna, a conductive phasing ring is arranged between and couples together feed nodes and the helical radiating elements. The phasing ring includes an annular conductive path having an electrical length equivalent to a full wavelength at the operating frequency so as to be resonant at that frequency. The helical elements are coupled to the outer periphery of the phasing ring at respective spaced apart coupling locations. The helical elements may include open-circuit or closed-circuit elongate conductive tracks, or a combination of both. In the case of the helical elements being closed-circuit tracks, these tracks are interconnected by a second resonant ring, which is resonant at the same frequency as or a different frequency from the first resonant ring. The invention is applicable to both end-fire and back-fire helical antennas.
US08456374B1
In one exemplary embodiment, an antenna arrangement includes: a substrate; and a plurality of dipole antenna elements disposed on the substrate, wherein the plurality of dipole antenna elements are randomly-oriented with respect to each other. In further exemplary embodiments, the plurality of dipole antenna elements includes at least six dipoles that are all electrically fed and do not need to be magnetically fed in order to generate and detect an arbitrary polarization. In still further exemplary embodiments, each dipole element has a fractal shape.
US08456373B2
A glass antenna for a vehicle on or in a window glass including a defogger having a plurality of heater wires that run in parallel, the glass antenna includes: an antenna conductor; a first feeding portion; and a second feeding portion adjacent to the first feeding portion, wherein: the antenna conductor includes a first antenna conductor, which extends clockwise with the first feeding portion as a starting point, and a second antenna conductor, which extends counterclockwise at the outside of the first antenna conductor with the second feeding portion as a starting point; and the second antenna conductor includes a first element extending between the first antenna conductor and the defogger.
US08456356B2
A GNSS system includes a receiver connected to an external mass storage device. Applications for the system, including GNSS data processing methods are also disclosed. The external storage device can comprise a flash (thumb) drive, which can be connected to the receiver via a USB interconnection.
US08456353B2
A satellite clock error is determined for each navigation satellite based on the pseudo-range code measurements, the carrier phase measurements, and broadcast satellite clock errors provided by a receiver network. Differences are determined between the computed satellite clock errors and the broadcast clock errors for each satellite. For each constellation, a clock reference satellite is selected from among the navigation satellites, where the clock reference satellite has the median value of clock error difference for that satellite constellation. A correction is determined for the broadcast clock error by applying a function of the reference satellite's clock error to the broadcast clock error for each satellite in the one or more constellations.
US08456352B2
Methods and apparatus to receive radar return information from signals transmitted by a radar, process the radar return information to identify sea clutter, process the sea clutter to fit an ellipse to arrange horizon of the sea clutter as a function of azimuth to determine a sea state, and select sensitivity time control (STC) attenuation of the sea clutter based upon the sea state.
US08456351B2
An apparatus, imager elements, and a method for detecting a radio frequency image using phased array techniques. An example apparatus includes an array of radio frequency antennas fabricated on one or more packaged integrated circuits. The apparatus also includes a controller configured to selectively phase shift radio frequency signals from the antennas such that the at least a portion of the radio frequency image is focused.
US08456347B2
An analog-to-digital converter including a voltage generation unit and a plurality of sub ADCs, each including a selection unit for selecting a voltage generated by the voltage generation unit based on a number and forwarding the selected voltage to a comparator arrangement. The selection unit includes first and second switch layers. The first switch layer includes a plurality of switch groups, each including a plurality of switch devices, each connected to a unique output terminal of the voltage generation unit with a first terminal and to a common node of the switch group with a second terminal. The second switch layer includes a switch device between the common node of each switch group and the first output terminal of the selection unit and a switch device between the common node and the second output terminal of the selection unit. A control unit generates control signals for the switch devices.
US08456343B2
A switched capacitor type D/A converter receives m-bit (m represents an integer) input data, and outputs an analog signal that corresponds to the input data value. Switch circuits are provided to respective bits of the input data, and are classified into two groups: a first group configured to turn on when the corresponding input data bit is 1, and to turn off when the corresponding input data bit is 0; and a second group configured to turn on when the corresponding input data bit is 0, and to turn off when the corresponding input data bit is 1. Each switch of the first and second switch groups is configured as a P-channel MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor). The ground voltage 0 V is applied to the lower power supply terminal of each of the first and second inverters configured to supply a gate signal to each switch.
US08456340B2
A tracking module that tracks the operation of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The DAC tracking module may be included on-chip with a DAC, and be formed with similar circuit components as a DAC. The DAC tracking circuit may output a signal indicating that the DAC within a SAR ADC has settled to an approximate value during each bit conversion. A differential solution is also provided. Power may be optimized because optimal conversion speed may be achieved, and a comparator within the DAC may be turned off or placed in a standby mode at the end of bit conversions, and before the next conversion cycle in response to the signal output by the DAC tracking module.
US08456337B1
A system to interface analog-to-digital converters to inputs with arbitrary common-modes includes a common-mode voltage amplifier circuit and a PGA circuit connected to the common-mode voltage amplifier circuit. The common-mode voltage amplifier and PGA circuits receive first and second analog input signals. The PGA circuit eliminates the arbitrary common-modes from the first and second analog input signals based on an output of the common-mode voltage amplifier circuit.
US08456330B2
Configurable buttons for electronic devices such as portable electronic devices are provided. A configurable button may have a button member that moves relative to a device housing when it is desired to activate a switch. The button may have an associated touch sensor. The touch sensor may detect when a user's finger touches a particular portion of the button member. Contact with only this portion of the button member is generally inadvertent, so an actuator may be used to prevent or otherwise restrict motion of the button relative to a device housing. This prevents inadvertent activation of the button when a user is manipulating portions of an electronic device such as clip or lid, but does not intend to depress the button.
US08456329B1
In one preferred embodiment, an aircraft marshaling wand controller displays aircraft marshaling instructions to a pilot on a video display monitor on-board an aircraft, such as an aircraft on an aircraft carrier. When an aircraft marshal uses arm motion gestures to form aircraft marshaling instructions for the pilot on the aircraft, the wand controller of the present invention senses or detects those gesture motions, and generates digitized command signals representative of those gesture motions made by the aircraft marshal. A wireless transceiver then transmits those digitized command signals to the aircraft for display on the video monitor for viewing by the pilot.
US08456305B2
A redundant security system relies on a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag to convey security sensor data. If the RFID tag is unable to convey security sensor data, a backup photoelectric cell powered transmitter is activated to transmit security sensor data to a monitoring station. Alternately, a security safe is outfitted with a RFID tag based security sensor. The RFID tag allows remote monitoring of at least one of an opened/closed condition and a locked/unlocked condition of a door of the security safe.
US08456304B2
A security system for detecting physical intrusion in a monitored area including a plurality of radio units arranged in a network around the monitored area to determine received signal strength and pass variations thereof through the radio units to a base station.
US08456303B1
A system provides for facilitating the location of a first item of a set of items, as well as a wireless communication device and a related method of operation. In at least some embodiments, the system includes a first wireless device associated with the first item of the set, the first wireless device including an output device and a receiver, and a second wireless device associated with a second item of the set, the second wireless device including an input device and a transmitter. The second wireless device in response to an input signal transmits a wireless signal to the first wireless device, which in response provides a first output signal that is either sufficiently visible or sufficiently audible so as to facilitate the location of the first item of the set. In some embodiments, the wireless devices are aftermarket devices capable of being attached to the items.
US08456302B2
An electronic security seal (e-Seal) is disclosed. The e-Seal monitors security of shipments including intermodal containers, reports tampers in real-time, monitors environmental status of goods and reports exceptions in real-time, and reports the location of the shipment with high frequency. The security monitoring complies with the ISO 17712 standard, adding electronic real-time reporting of tamper time and location and LED tamper indication. The e-Seal can be manufactured and operated at low cost due to diagnostic and logistic features. The e-Seal supports low cost upgrades due to a modular architecture allowing a plug-in update of separate functions. The e-Seal allows flexible usage across supply chain tradelanes, due to highly programmable operation including over-the-air remote programming via wireless communications. The e-Seal provides low power operation to save battery usage and lower costs.
US08456298B2
A method for tracking movements in a portable tracking apparatus includes a movement sensor. Virtual object position information is generated and local movement instructions for a user of the portable tracking apparatus is determined based on the generated virtual object position information. The local movement instructions are presented only non-visually to the user and movement of the portable tracking apparatus is determined using the movement sensor. A non-visual feedback is presented to the user of the portable tracking apparatus based on the determined movement of the portable tracking apparatus.
US08456297B2
A method includes: receiving location information for the portable electronic device; and entering a tracked mode of a mapping application. The tracked mode includes: displaying a map on the display with an orientation that is independent of a current orientation of the portable electronic device; displaying a current location icon on the map that corresponds to a current location of the portable electronic device; and maintaining the current location icon in a predefined area on the display as the current location of the portable electronic device changes. The method also includes moving the current location icon along a boundary of the predefined area on the display in accordance with movement of the current location of the portable electronic device.
US08456295B2
A method for managing alarms in a physiological monitoring apparatus, a physiological monitoring apparatus, and a computer program product for a physiological monitoring apparatus are disclosed. A plurality of averages of a physiological parameter are derived, wherein the parameter is derived from at least one physiological signal acquired from a subject and wherein the averages represent a corresponding plurality of averaging periods. Respective alarm limits are assigned to the plurality of averages and at least one alarm indicator is defined, each alarm indicator being defined based on respective average and alarm limit. An alarm is detected based on the at least one alarm indicator.
US08456286B2
A user station configurable for use in a healthcare communication system, such as a nurse call system, is provided.
US08456285B2
A method for use in a power line communication systems for an electrical distribution system (1) to quickly and accurately poll electrical meters (6) installed at user facilities to determine if an outage has occurred at a facility. An outbound communications message is transmitted to the meter at the facility requesting a short response consisting of a bit pattern that is either partially or completely known to the receiver. Any perceived response from the meter is then processed to ascertain whether or not the meter actually transmitted a message. Receipt of a message indicates that an outage has not occurred at that site, while an indication the message was not received indicates an outage has likely occurred. In processing the received message, two types of errors can potentially occur; i.e., a false positive or a false negative.
US08456276B2
A remote control device and method, the remote control being changeable between an unlocked state and a locked state includes a communicating unit for allowing the remote control device to communicate with and remotely control a controlled apparatus and a processor electronically connected with the communicating unit. The processor is configured for unlocking the remote control device from the locked state, such that the remote control device communicates with and remotely control the controlled apparatus, and is configured for locking the remote control device into the locked state, such that communication between the remote control device and the controlled apparatus is disabled the remote control device cannot remotely control the controller apparatus. A method for preventing accidental operations of the remote control device is also disclosed.
US08456269B2
Disclosed herein is a coil bobbin for a superconducting magnetic energy storage. The coil bobbin includes coil bobbin frames, superconducting coils, first support plates, second support plates and a center frame. The coil bobbin frames are provided in such a way as to face each other. The superconducting coils are wound around the respective coil bobbin frames. The first support plates are provided on surfaces of the respective coil bobbin frames that are on faces that are opposite to the surfaces between the coil bobbin frames that face each other. The second support plates are provided on the respective facing surfaces of the coil bobbin frames. The center frame is disposed between the second support plates and has an annular plate shape having a thickness that is gradually reduced towards a center of the toroidal arrangement.
US08456263B2
The scope of the invention is a winding arrangement for an inductive component that consists at least of a core (9) and of a winding structure placed around the core and consisting of planar winding sheets (11). Inside the winding structure there is cooling medium that is adapted to transfer excess heat away from the winding.
US08456262B2
An electromagnetic solenoid includes first and second stators arranged at two axial end sides of a coil. The first stator includes an annular radial core part, an axial core part cylindrically extending from an inner end of the radial core part toward the second stator, and a core corner part having an outer corner surface at an intersection of the radial and axial core parts. A plunger guide includes a cylindrical sleeve inward of the stators, a flange extending radially outward from the sleeve along a side of the radial core part opposed to the coil, and a plunger-guide corner part having an inner corner surface at an intersection of the sleeve and the flange. The outer and inner corner surfaces of the core corner part and the plunger-guide corner part abut on each other in a contact portion linearly or in area along an entire circumference.
US08456261B2
The electromagnetic switch includes an excitation coil serving as an electromagnet when energized, a fixed core magnetized by the electromagnet, a movable core configured to move by being attracted by the fixed core being magnetized, a pair of fixed contacts interposed in an electrical circuit, and a movable contact configured to move in accordance with movement of the movable core to make and break electrical connection between the fixed contacts. The electromagnetic switch further includes a stopper for restraining movement of the movable core for preventing short-circuit between the fixed contacts through the movable core due to abrasion of members of the electromagnetic switch.
US08456257B1
A bulk acoustic wave resonator desirably suppressing spurious modes includes a frame-like structure of mass loading contacting one electrode, wherein the frame-like structure is defined within inner and outer boundaries and wherein a central area extends through the resonator within an envelope of the inner boundary and a border region extends through the resonator within the inner and outer boundaries of the frame-like structure. A second electrode is positioned within the envelope and substantially missing from within the border region. A layer of piezoelectric material is embedded between the first and second electrodes. An active resonator area is substantially within the central area. The resonator structure is carried on a substrate and an acoustically reflective mirror having multiple and alternating layers of low and high acoustic impedance material.
US08456255B2
A variable phase shifter comprising a coupler including an input port, an output port, a through port and a coupled port and two conducting finite strips exhibiting equal lengths, the first conducting strip being movably coupled with the section of the coupler connecting the input port with the through port and the second conducting strip being movably coupled with the section of the coupler connecting the output port and with the coupled port, wherein displacing the conducting strip relative to the coupler, changes the phase of an output signal from the coupler, relative to the phase of a corresponding input signal into the coupler.
US08456246B2
A quadrature VCO includes a first oscillator unit and a second oscillator unit. Each of the first and second oscillator unit is composed of a DC bias source, a complementary cross-coupled pair, an LC resonator unit, a frequency-doubling sub-harmonic coupler unit, and a ground terminal. When the LC resonator units of the first and second oscillator units are operated, four signals of different phases can be outputted via the output terminals. In this way, the output phase difference of the two oscillator units can keep 180 degrees and allow the two oscillator units to mutually inject signals to generate quadrature output signals.
US08456245B2
One embodiment of the present invention relates to a system that provides a high frequency local oscillator (LO) signal. The system comprises a first LO that generates a first frequency LO signal component, a mixer that generates a difference signal from the first frequency LO signal component and a second frequency LO signal component, and a second LO that generates the second frequency LO signal component that is a harmonic of the difference signal.
US08456241B1
Aspects of the disclosure provide an amplifier. The amplifier includes a first path, a second path and a drain bias circuit. The first path includes a first transistor that operates in a saturation region to generate a first current in response to an input signal. The first current has a first polarity third-order coefficient. The second path includes a second transistor that generates a second current in response to the input signal. The drain bias circuit is configured to bias a drain terminal of the second transistor separately from the first transistor such that the second transistor operates in a linear region to generate the second current having a second polarity third-order coefficient. The second current is combined with the first current to reduce a third-order inter-modulation in the combined current.
US08456237B2
Variable feedback architecture and control techniques for variable gain amplifiers (VGAs) concurrently maintain, across a wide range of VGA gain settings, minimal input and output impedance variations, a low noise figure, low rates of change in noise figure, high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), high quality of service (QoS), low distortion, high and relatively constant output third order intercept point (i.e., IP3 or TOI). Variable feedback counteracts impedance variations caused by gain variations. Compared to conventional high performance VGAs, noise figure is lower (e.g. 3 dB lower at maximum gain and 12 dB lower at minimum gain) and relatively constant, IP3 is higher and relatively constant, small signal third order intermodulation signal (IM3) tone slope is relatively constant and input and output impedances are relatively constant. As gain decreases, the noise figure advantage is nearly dB per dB compared to conventional high performance VGAs.
US08456236B2
A variable gain amplifier (VGA) disclosed herein includes: an input voltage connector; a number of voltage to current converter circuits generating signal currents; a gain adjustment connector adapted to a current steering mechanism; current mirrors connected to each of the voltage to current converters copying the signal currents; and a steering mechanism adapted to steer the copied currents to a load resistor or to another appropriate location based on the signal present at the gain adjustment connector.
US08456232B2
An electronic circuit comprises an input stage and a driver stage. The input stage comprises first, second, third and fourth inputs, and is configured to generate a first intermediate signal which is the sum or the weighted sum of the first and third input signals, and a second intermediate signal which is the sum or the weighted sum of the second and fourth input signals. The driver stage comprises an output, is configured to generate an output signal present at the output, and is configured to directly compare the first and second intermediate signals such that the output signal indicates which of the two intermediate signals is larger.
US08456230B2
An adaptive filter implemented in a communication system transmitter or receiver has a real time clock associated therewith, and one or more coefficients of the adaptive filter are determined based at least in part on an output of the real time clock. For example, the adaptive filter may comprise a coefficient update engine and a memory for storing a plurality of sets of adaptive filter coefficients in association with respective time indicators derived from the output of the real time clock, with the coefficient update engine being configured to determine a particular one of the sets of filter coefficients for use by the adaptive filter based at least in part on one or more of the time indicators. The time indicators may comprise respective time stamps generated based on the output of the real time clock at respective times at which the corresponding sets of coefficients are determined.
US08456225B1
Generally, this disclosure provides negative charge pump circuitry that is configured to supply a voltage that is less than a reference voltage (such as ground). The charge pump circuitry includes blocking circuitry that reduces or eliminates charge leakage so that a negative voltage may be developed at the output. The charge pump circuitry generally includes complimentary pairs of MOS switches that switch in a complimentary fashion according to charge developed on complimentary capacitors to provide a negative voltage power supply.
US08456217B2
An interface circuit for controlling a cross-domain signal link between a first circuit domain and a second circuit domain in a circuit may include first and second controllers, each of the first and second controllers including a first input coupled to a first voltage source of the first circuit domain and a second input coupled to a second voltage source of the second circuit domain. The interface circuit may further include a first switch controlled by an output of the first controller, the first switch including a first end coupled to the cross-domain signal link and a second end coupled to a first defined voltage state, and a second switch controlled by an output of the second controller, the second switch including a first end coupled to the cross-domain signal link and a second end coupled to a second defined voltage state, in which during a power-up of the circuit, if one of the first and second voltage sources is unavailable, at least one of the first and second controllers generates a control signal to engage at least one of the first and second switches and pull the cross-domain signal link to one of the first and second defined voltage states, while providing cross-domain protection against field-induced charge device model (FICDM) stress conditions at small drivers and receiver inputs connected to the signal interface link.
US08456212B2
A duty correcting circuit includes a duty steerer circuit, a differential clock generator, and a charge pump circuit. The duty steerer circuit corrects a duty cycle of an input clock signal in response to a duty control signal and generates an output clock signal. The differential clock generator generates two internal clock signals having a phase difference of 180° from each other based on the output clock signal. The charge pump circuit performs a charge pump operation in a differential mode in response to the internal clock signals to generate a duty control signal.
US08456209B2
A delay locked loop includes a pulse generator, a delay unit, a phase detector and a control unit. The pulse generator generates a pulse signal and a determination signal according to an input clock signal. The delay unit delays the pulse signal according to a digital control signal to generate a delayed pulse signal. The phase detector detects a time delay of the delayed pulse signal according to the determination signal to generate a detection result. The control unit generates a digital control signal according to the detection result to control the delayed pulse signal by a delay amount.
US08456207B1
A lock detector for a PLL circuit includes a first signal counting circuit, a second signal counting circuit, a comparator, and a lock status unit. The first signal counting circuit is configured to define a plurality of observation periods according to a first oscillating signal and a predetermined cycle value. The second signal counting circuit is configured to determine a maximum counter value according to a second oscillating signal within each of the observation periods, and the second oscillating signal is generated in relation to the first oscillating signal. The comparator is configured to determine, for each of the observation periods, whether the maximum counter value equals the predetermined cycle value. The lock status unit is configured to generate a lock signal based on the maximum counter value being equal to the predetermined cycle value for a predetermined number of consecutive ones of the observation periods.
US08456202B2
There are numerous types of dividers that have been employed at various frequency ranges. For many very high frequency ranges (i.e., above 30 GHz), dividers in CMOS have been developed. However, many of these designs use multiple stages. Here, however, a single stage divider has been provided that is adapted to operate at very high frequencies (i.e., 120 GHz). To accomplish this, it uses parasitic capacitances in conjunction with inductor(s) to form an LC tanks so as to take advantages of parasitics that normal degrade performance.
US08456193B2
Specific logic gates for q-gating are selected by determining the minimum leakage state for a circuit design and then selecting logic gates that hold the circuit design in its lowest leakage state. Depending on the input desired to implement the minimum leakage state, the gate may be selected as a NOR or OR gate. Q-gating that is implemented with gates chosen to implement the minimum leakage state may be enabled during selected operating modes. The minimum leakage state of a circuit can be determined with an automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) tool.
US08456179B2
The present invention aims to provide an angular velocity detection device which is capable of reducing the effect of coupling between a drive electrode and a first displacement detection electrode by a floating capacity, and is low in cost. In the angular velocity detection device, an oscillating body 21 is displaceable in a first direction and a second direction which orthogonally intersect each other. The oscillating body 21 is oscillated in the first direction by an electrostatic force corresponding to a drive signal generated by a non-interference signal generator 1. A carrier signal generated by the non-interference signal generator 1 is applied to the oscillating body 21. A first displacement detection circuit 3 and a second displacement detection circuit 4 each detect a displacement of the oscillating body 21 as a displacement modulation signal indicative of a change in electrostatic capacity synchronized with the carrier signal to thereby detect an angular velocity. Here, the frequency of the drive signal and the frequency of the carrier signal are set so as to be generated at such a frequency ratio that a higher harmonic of the drive signal multiplied by an odd number does not the displacement modulation signal.
US08456174B2
A sensor and method for determining at least one internal parameter for an active sensor in a special mode of operation. The sensor has at least one sensor element, an evaluation circuit, at least two connecting lines, and a changeover module. The sensor is changed over between a normal mode of operation and the special mode of operation by means of the changeover module and is put into the special mode of operation for the purpose of determining the at least one internal parameter. The sensor has an electric offset source which is used in the special mode of operation to at least partially actuate the evaluation circuit on the basis of the supply voltage of the sensor which is applied to the two connecting lines such that the at least one internal parameter of the sensor can be ascertained from the sensor output signal.
US08456173B2
A signal acquisition system has a signal acquisition probe having probe tip circuitry coupled to a resistive center conductor signal cable with the signal cable coupled to a signal processing instrument via an input node. The input node is coupled to an input current amplifier via input circuitry. The input circuitry provides at least one of resistive and capacitive termination of the resistive center conductor signal cable. The termination of the resistive center conductor signal cable in the signal processing instrument provides a signal acquisition system where the capacitive loading of a device under test at higher frequencies is reduced by reducing the input capacitance of the probe tip circuitry resulting in an increase in the signal acquisition system bandwidth.
US08456169B2
A test structure is provided that utilizes a time division sampling technique along with a statistical modeling technique that uses metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) saturation and linear characteristics to measure the mean (average) and sigma (statistical characterization of the variation) of a large population of electrical characteristics of electrical devices (e.g., integrated circuits) at high speed. Such electrical characteristics or sampling parameters include drive currents, leakage, resistances, etc.
US08456161B2
The present invention relates to a method and system for polarizing a solid compound of interest via spin transfer from an optically-pumped alkali vapor. In one embodiment, the method provides a cell which contains a solid compound as well as pure alkali metal and some amount of buffer gas. The cell is heated to vaporize some of the pure alkali. Resonant laser light is passed through the cell to polarize the atomic vapor, a process known as “optical pumping.” Optical pumping can transfer order from photons to atoms, causing a buildup of vapor atoms in one angular momentum state. This vapor polarization is then transferred through the surface of the solid compound in order to polarize the nuclei in the bulk of the compound. This can produce nuclear polarizations in the sample many times larger than the limit set by thermal equilibrium. The method can be used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
US08456154B2
In a low voltage differential-mode signaling (LVDS) test system and method, a positive signal waveform and a negative signal waveform of an LVDS signal pair are obtained. A differential-mode high voltage, a differential-mode low voltage, and a common-mode noise are measured according to the positive signal waveform and the negative signal waveform. The measurement results are output to an output device.
US08456151B2
A measurement sensor for analyzing a nonpolar liquid contains a field effect transistor that has an exposed gate contact for wetting with the nonpolar liquid, and an electrical shield that surrounds the gate contact and has openings for inflow and outflow of the nonpolar liquid.
US08456148B2
One object of the present invention is to provide a regulator circuit with an improved noise margin. In a regulator circuit including a bias circuit generating a reference voltage on the basis of the potential difference between a first power supply terminal and a second power supply terminal, and a voltage regulator outputting a potential to an output terminal on the basis of a reference potential input from the bias circuit, a bypass capacitor is provided between a power supply terminal and a node to which a gate of a transistor included in the bias circuit is connected.
US08456139B2
A cost effective solution for power factor correction in power devices operating at two widely separated input voltages comprises two unequal power rails. One power rail is optimized for operation at high line voltage only, while the other power rail is designed only for low line voltage. When operating at high line voltage, the second rail is disabled. At low line, both power rails are enabled but by virtue of unequal boost inductors, the high line power rail handles only about 30% of the power while the low line power rail handles the remaining power. Hence, the efficiency at high line voltage is maximized. As the inductance used in the high line power rail is much higher in value, it stays in continuous conduction mode for all load conditions and hence the power factor is significantly improved.
US08456135B2
A high voltage output monitoring device and system of a power battery comprises a monitoring module, a control module and a central processor module, wherein the monitoring module carries out high voltage output monitoring, pre-charge monitoring and relay switching times monitoring; the control module controls a relay switch; the central processor module carries out processing and analysis of monitor signals, packs relay state signals, sends the packed relay state signals to a battery management system (8), prognosticates a relay health condition, sends alarming signals to the battery management system (8), judges the pre-charge state, controls a high voltage system to be opened or closed, receives the control of the battery management system, and forces the high voltage system to be opened or closed. By using the monitoring device of the present invention, it is feasible to prognosticate the lift of high voltage relay, send the relay health alarm signal in real time and to avoid the relay from causing hazard when it is damaged and cannot be closed; Furthermore, it is favorable for extending the life of battery by monitoring and controlling the pre-charge state of power battery.
US08456130B2
Method and apparatus comprising used batteries for surface charging an automobile battery. A surface charge provides a time limited window in which to start a vehicle comprising a surface charged battery for example. Use of used batteries provides for environmentally effective manner in which to deal with the tremendous amount of used batteries that are discarded worldwide each year. The apparatus may comprise a charging circuit to allow for recharging the used batteries. Recharging “non-rechargeable” batteries at least once provides a destination for used batteries that have until now been discarded. Embodiments may comprise an LED to signify when a target battery comprises sufficient surface charge to warrant an attempt to start an engine. The apparatus is a small portable device that can stored anywhere in a vehicle.
US08456124B2
A parallel mechanism includes a base portion, a bracket to which an end effecter is attached, a plurality of actuators attached to the base portion, a plurality of arms through which the plurality of actuators and the bracket are coupled together in parallel, and a control device arranged to control the actuators. When the end effecter in a stopped state is moved to a target position, the control device is arranged to control the actuators so that a level of acceleration at which the end effecter is accelerated is higher than a level of deceleration at which the end effecter is decelerated.
US08456123B2
A conveyance system. The conveyance system includes a movable device for conveying an article, and a robot selected from the group consisting of an articulated robot and an orthogonal robot. The movable device is configured to be both vertically and horizontally movable; and, the robot is mounted on the movable device. The robot includes a hand and a gripper disposed on the hand. The gripper is configured to hold the article. The movable device and the robot are configured to convey the article in conveyance operations that include an extraction, a conveyance, and an installation, of the article; the range of the conveyance operations lies within a working range of the robot from a present position that is selected with priority. The movable device is configured to remain in a stationary state when the article is conveyed by the robot using the conveyance operations within the working range.
US08456105B2
A driving circuit includes a switch, a detecting unit, and a current supply unit. A first terminal of the switch is used for coupling to a first terminal of a first LED group of a plurality of LED groups and receiving a first voltage, and a third terminal of the switch is used for coupling to a first terminal of a last LED group of the plurality of LED groups. The detecting unit is used for outputting a switch control signal to a second terminal of the switch for controlling turning-on and turning-off of the switch. The current supply unit has a plurality of input current terminals, and a ground terminal coupled to ground, where each input current terminal of the plurality of input current terminals is used for coupling to a second terminal of a corresponding LED group of the plurality of LED groups.
US08456097B2
A driver circuit produces variable current output for an LED lighting system providing improved dimming capability and greater power efficiency when responding to industry standard lighting dimmers through the use of an input voltage monitoring circuit which variably controls the current output of a switching regulator. Output current modulation methods such as analog, PWM, Pulse Frequency Modulation, or other digital modulation, and combination or hybrid may be employed. The current invention marries such output modulation techniques with a control method which is derived through intelligent monitoring of the input voltage waveform. The circuit and method described is adapted to higher current applications such as LED lighting systems using the latest high-power LEDs.
US08456096B2
Circuits for regulating and/or controlling integrated circuits such as drivers and switching regulators generally include a first switch configured to control or regulate a current, voltage drop or voltage boost; a first regulator or driver configured to transmit first pulses to the first switch, the pulses having a first pulse width; and pulse width modulation circuitry configured to (i) reduce the first pulse width when a first thermal threshold is met and (ii) increase the first pulse width when a second thermal threshold is met, the second thermal threshold being less than the first thermal threshold.
US08456094B2
The present invention discloses a light emitting device open/short detection circuit, which is used for detecting at least one light emitting device string open/short. Each light emitting device string has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is coupled to a voltage supply circuit to supply electrical power to the light emitting devices. The open/short detection circuit includes: an abnormal voltage detection circuit coupled to the light emitting device strings for receiving voltages of the second ends respectively and generating an abnormal voltage detection signal; a voltage setting circuit coupled to the abnormal voltage detection circuit for setting an abnormal reference level; and a determination circuit coupled to the voltage setting circuit. When the abnormal voltage detection signal is equal to or over the abnormal reference level, the determination circuit generates an open/short detection signal for an abnormal condition detected.
US08456079B2
Provided is a means for improving the capability of injecting electrons from a cathode in a luminous element and solving problems about the production process thereof. In the present invention, a material having a smaller work function than a cathode material is used to form an inorganic conductive layer between the cathode and an organic compound layer. In this way, the capability of injecting electrons from the cathode can be improved. Furthermore, the film thereof can be thicker than that of a conventional cathode buffer layer formed by using an insulating material. Therefore, the film thickness can easily be controlled, and a decrease in production costs and an improvement in yield can be achieved.
US08456074B2
A flexible electronic device is made up of nanostructures. Specifically, the device includes a flexible substrate, a film of nanostructures in contact with the flexible substrate, a first conducting element in contact with the film of nanostructures, and a second conducting element in contact with the film of nanostructures. The nanostructures may comprise nanotubes, such as carbon nanotubes disposed along the flexible substrate, such as an organic or polymer substrate. The first and second conductive elements may serve as electrical terminals, or as a source and drain. In addition, the electronic device may include a gate electrode that is in proximity to the nanotubes and not in electrical contact with the nanotubes. In this configuration, the device can operate as a transistor or a FET. The device may also be operated in a resistive mode as a chemical sensor (e.g., for sensing NH3).
US08456073B2
The present invention provides devices comprising an assembly of carbon nanotubes, and related methods. In some cases, the carbon nanotubes may have enhanced alignment. Devices of the invention may comprise features and/or components which may enhance the emission of electrons and may lower the operating voltage of the devices. Using methods described herein, carbon nanotube assemblies may be manufactured rapidly, at low cost, and over a large surface area. Such devices may be useful in display applications such as field emission devices, or other applications requiring high image quality, low power consumption, and stability over a wide temperature range.
US08456061B2
A piezoelectric thin film device comprises a piezoelectric thin film having upper and lower surfaces and a defined tilted crystal morphology, a top electrode disposed on the upper surface, a substrate having a surface morphology that corresponds to the defined crystallographically tilted morphology, and a bottom electrode disposed between and crystallographically linked to both the lower surface of the piezoelectric thin film and the substrate surface, the bottom and top electrodes having a parallel planar configuration relative to the plane of the substrate and the defined crystallographically tilted morphology having a crystallographic c-axis direction oriented at a >0° angle relative to the normal to the plane of the electrodes; and method of making the device.
US08456057B2
A laminated stator core 10, formed by laminating stator core sheets 17, each of the stator core sheets 17 punched out from a magnetic metal sheet 32 so as to have a common axis with a rotor core sheet 36 which punched out from the magnetic metal sheet 32 before the stator core sheet 17 is punched out; the stator core sheet 17 including a thin section 24 in a magnetic pole shaft piece 20; the thin section 24 formed by pressing a part or a whole of a magnetic pole shaft piece 20 in a thickness direction, and elongating the same in a radially inward direction; and further the thin section 24 having a thickness within 50-95% of that of the magnetic metal sheet 32 and a radial length within 30-100% of that of the magnetic pole shaft piece 20. This enables a magnetic pole piece 19 to be elongated to form the thin section 24 without adverse effect on magnetic characteristics thereof, and improves caulking accuracy and dimensional accuracy for blanking both of the core sheets 17, 36 from one magnetic metal sheet 32.
US08456053B2
An assembly for providing electrical insulation in a stator core of a vehicular electric machine is provided. The stator core has a channel and the assembly comprises a first conductive element disposed through the channel, and a second conductive element disposed through the channel and substantially adjacent to the first conductive element. The assembly also comprises a first electrically insulating film having a first end residing between the first and second conductive elements.
US08456051B2
A generator arrangement is provided in which the functionality of two typically separate electrical power generators are combined together into a single generator that forms part of a three-in-one combined multi-generator which has a dual drive path with a shear section that immunizes one of the generators (e.g., the permanent magnet generator) within the single combined multi-generator from a failure of another generator (e.g., the main generator) within the single combined multi-generator.
US08456038B2
An adjustable inductive power transmission platform includes inductive power outlets embedded into adjustable modules having multiple configurations. The inductive power outlets are configured to couple with inductive power receivers to provide power to electrical loads wired thereto. The multiple configurations of the adjustable modules allow the position of the inductive power outlets to be adjusted to match the locations of inductive receivers to suit changing requirements.
US08456032B2
An energy conversion system for converting between one form of input energy selected from a mechanical energy and electrical energy, and an output energy selected from a mechanical energy and electrical energy using a linearly displaced magnetic component interacting with an orbitally displaced magnetic component.
US08456031B1
Device and methods associated with underwater pumped-hydro energy storage are disclosed. An underwater pumped-hydro energy storage device includes a submersible tank that includes an inlet and an outlet. A pump is disposed at the outlet of the submersible tank to evacuate water from the submersible tank in a surrounding body of water. A valve is disposed at the inlet of the at least one submersible tank to control a flow of the water into the submersible tank from the surrounding body of water. Moreover, a turbine power unit is to generate output electrical power from the flow water into the submersible tank.
US08456030B2
A wave energy converter (WEC) includes a float which moves generally in phase with the waves and whose up and down motion is guided by and along a spar having an upper portion and a lower portion. A power take off (PTO) device is coupled between the float and the spar for converting their relative motion into useful energy. In some embodiments, the PTO includes (a) a drum having an axis of rotation rotatably mounted within one of the float and spar; and (b) cabling means connected between the drum and the other one of the float and spar for causing the drum to rotate as a function of the up and down motion of the float. In other embodiments, the PTO system is formed using a pre-tensioned roller chain wound around sprocket wheels located within one of the spar and float with the opposite ends of the chain connected to the other one of the spar and float to cause rotation of the sprocket wheels in response to movement of the float relative to the spar.
US08456027B1
A hydro-mechanical system and method for generating power employs an upright elongated fluid vessel containing a fluid. A rotatable drive having a drive shaft is mounted to the fluid vessel for providing a power output through the drive shaft. A pair of buoyancy vehicles are located within a vehicle section of the vessel and are each coupled by a flexible coupling to the rotatable drive. A pressurized gas chamber that is coupled to a pressurized gas source is used to charge the buoyancy vehicles through a pair of charging valves to move the buoyancy vehicles within the vehicle section thus driving the flexible coupling and rotatable drive. A pair of gas of release valves are also provided for discharging gas from the vehicle when buoyancy vehicle is vehicle is located at the uppermost position.
US08456022B2
A solderable contact for use with an electrical component includes a pad metallization on a substrate, and an under bump metallization over at least part of the pad metallization. The under bump metallization is in an area for receiving solder. The pad metallization is structured to reveal parts of the substrate surface. The under bump metallization is in direct contact with the parts of the substrate.
US08456018B2
Provided are a semiconductor package and a method of fabricating the same. The semiconductor package includes a semiconductor chip having a bonding pad, a metal line electrically connected to the semiconductor chip and having a terminal contacting an external terminal, an insulation layer covering the metal line and having an opening that defines the terminal, and a molding layer molding the semiconductor chip, wherein the molding layer includes a recess pattern exposing the bonding pad and extending from the bonding pad to the terminal, and the metal line is embedded in the recess pattern to contact the bonding pad.
US08456017B2
By adding particles of high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient into the copper as a composite material and filling with the composite material into the through-via hole, the mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion and the stress of the through-silicon via are lowered and the thermal conductivity of the through-silicon via is increased.
US08456016B2
A semiconductor package comprises a semiconductor substrate that may comprise a core. The core may comprise one or more materials selected from a group comprising ceramics and glass dielectrics. The package further comprises a set of one or more inner conductive elements that is provided on the core, a set of one or more outer conductive elements that is provided on an outer side of the substrate, and a semiconductor die to couple to the substrate via one or more of the outer conductive elements. Example materials for the core may comprise one or more from alumina, zirconia, carbides, nitrides, fused silica, quartz, sapphire, and Pyrex. A laser may be used to drill one or more plated through holes to couple an inner conductive element to an outer conductive element. A dielectric layer may be formed in the substrate to insulate an outer conductive element from the core or an inner conductive element.
US08456015B2
A method performed on a wafer having multiple chips each including a doped semiconductor and substrate involves etching an annulus trench, metalizing an inner and an outer perimeter side wall of the annulus trench, etching a via trench into the wafer, making a length of the via trench electrically conductive, thinning a surface of the substrate.
US08456012B2
A semiconductor device including an interconnection structure including a copper pad, a pad barrier layer and a metal redistribution layer, an interconnection structure thereof and methods of fabricating the same are provided. The semiconductor device includes a copper pad disposed on a first layer, a pad barrier layer including titanium disposed on the copper pad, an inorganic insulating layer disposed on the pad barrier layer, a buffer layer disposed on the inorganic insulating layer, wherein the inorganic insulating layer and the buffer layer expose a portion of the pad barrier layer, a seed metal layer disposed on the exposed buffer layer, a metal redistribution layer disposed on the seed metal layer, and a first protective layer disposed on the metal redistribution layer.
US08456001B2
A pressure-contact semiconductor device (100) includes thermal buffer plates (2) and main electrode blocks (3) having flanges (4), by which semiconductor substrate (1) having a pair of electrodes is sandwiched, disposed opposed to each side thereof, wherein the semiconductor substrate (1) is sealed in a gastight space by joining the flanges (4) to insulating container (5). The semiconductor device (100) is configured such that the outermost periphery of the semiconductor substrate (1) is enclosed by hollow cylindrical insulator (9) fitted on outer peripheries of the main electrode blocks (3) in the gastight space with O-rings (8) fitted between the main electrode blocks (3) and the cylindrical insulator (9), and sealed with reaction force from the O-rings (8).
US08455995B2
A device includes an interposer including a substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface. A plurality of through-substrate vias (TSVs) penetrates through the substrate. The plurality of TSVs includes a first TSV having a first length and a first horizontal dimension, and a second TSV having a second length different from the first length, and a second horizontal dimension different from the first horizontal dimension. An interconnect structure is formed overlying the top surface of the substrate and electrically coupled to the plurality of TSVs.
US08455990B2
A barrier layer can be attached in a semiconductor package to one or more sensitive devices. The barrier layer can be used to obstruct tampering by a malicious agent attempting to access sensitive information on the sensitive device. The barrier layer can cause the sensitive device to become inoperable if physically tampered. Additional other aspects of the protective packaging provide protection against x-ray and thermal probing as well as chemical and electrical tampering attempts.
US08455970B2
A package structure is adapted for mounting at least one light emitting diode (LED) die. The package structure includes an insulating housing having a top surface that is formed with a cavity, and a lead frame unit. The lead frame unit includes a first lead frame portion and a second lead frame portion. The first lead frame portion is covered by the insulating housing, and has a die-bonding area exposed within the cavity and adapted for mounting the LED die. The second lead frame portion is covered by the insulating housing, and has a conductive surface exposed outwardly of the top surface of the insulating housing and adapted for electrical connection with an end of a conductive wire.
US08455969B2
A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate having a first electronic circuit and a second electronic circuit formed on an active surface, a pad electrode formed on the active surface by being connected to the first electronic circuit and/or the second electronic circuit, a first opening formed to some point along a depth of the semiconductor substrate toward the pad electrode from a surface opposite to the active surface of the semiconductor substrate, a second opening formed so as to reach the pad electrode from a bottom surface of the first opening, an insulating layer formed by covering sidewall surfaces of the first opening and the second opening, a conductive layer formed by covering at least an inner wall surface of the insulating layer and a bottom surface of the second opening, a third opening formed to some point along the depth of the semiconductor substrate from the surface opposite to the active surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a heat insulator imbedded in the third opening.
US08455968B2
Disclosed herein is a storage element, including: a storage layer which has magnetization vertical to a film surface and in which a direction of the magnetization is changed in correspondence to information; a magnetization fixing layer which has magnetization vertical to a film surface becoming a reference of the information stored in the storage layer, which is composed of plural magnetic layers, and which has a multilayered ferri-pin structure into which the plural magnetic layers are laminated one upon another through a non-magnetic layer(s); and an insulating layer made of a non-magnetic material and provided between the storage layer and the magnetization fixing layer.
US08455962B2
A magneto-impedance sensor element has a base body, a magnetic amorphous wire, a coating insulator, a detecting coil, a terminal base having a terminal mounting surface, wire electrode terminals and coil electrode terminals formed on the terminal mounting surface, wire connecting wirings for electrically connecting the wire electrode terminals and a pair of wire conducting terminals provided to the magnetic amorphous wire, and coil connecting wirings for electrically connecting the coil electrode terminals and a pair of coil conducting terminals provided to the detecting coil. A normal of the terminal mounting surface has a longitudinal direction component of the magnetic amorphous wire, and the terminal mounting surface is arranged between both ends of the magnetic amorphous wire in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic amorphous wire.
US08455961B2
A finger sensor assembly may include a circuit board and an integrated circuit (IC) finger sensor grid array package including a grid array on a lower end thereof mounted to the circuit board, and a finger sensing area on an upper end thereof. The finger sensor assembly may further include at least one visible light source carried by the circuit board and a visible light guide optically coupled to the at least one visible light source. The at least one visible light source may at least partially laterally surround the upper end of the IC finger sensor grid array package to provide visual light indications. The IC finger sensor grid array package may also include circuitry for controlling the at least one visible light source.
US08455945B2
A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a pad nitride layer that exposes an isolation region over a cell region of a semiconductor substrate; forming a trench in the isolation region of the semiconductor substrate; forming an isolation layer within the trench; etching an active region of the semiconductor substrate by a certain depth to form a recessed isolation region; etching the isolation layer by a certain depth to form a recessed isolation region; depositing a gate metal layer in the recessed active region and the recessed isolation region to form a gate of a cell transistor; forming an insulation layer over an upper portion of the gate; removing the pad nitride layer to expose a region of the semiconductor substrate to be formed with a contact plug; and depositing a conductive layer in the region of the semiconductor substrate to form a contact plug.
US08455940B2
A nonvolatile memory device includes a substrate, a channel layer protruding from the substrate, a gate conductive layer surrounding the channel layer, a gate insulating layer disposed between the channel layer and the gate conductive layer, and a first insulating layer spaced apart from the channel layer and disposed on the top and bottom of the gate conductive layer. The gate insulating layer extends between the gate conductive layer and the first insulating layer.
US08455936B2
A configurable memory sheet includes a plurality of segmentable memory banks arranged on a repeating grid such that the plurality of segmentable memory banks can be configured for applications with a variety of circuit elements, where the plurality of segmentable memory banks are configured into memories by their connections to the variety of circuit elements.
US08455933B2
An image sensor according to example embodiments may include a plurality of light-sensitive transparent oxide semiconductor layers as light-sensing layers. The light-sensing layers may be stacked in one unit pixel region.
US08455929B2
A device includes a semiconductor substrate, and insulation regions in the semiconductor substrate. Opposite sidewalls of the insulation regions have a spacing between about 70 nm and about 300 nm. A III-V compound semiconductor region is formed between the opposite sidewalls of the insulation regions.
US08455926B2
Systems, methods and apparatus are provided through which in some embodiments a mass spectrometer micro-leak includes a number of channels fabricated by semiconductor processing tools and that includes a number of inlet holes that provide access to the channels.
US08455916B2
A light emitting device having a structure in which oxygen and moisture are prevented from reaching light emitting elements, and a method of manufacturing the same, are provided. Further, the light emitting elements are sealed by using a small number of process steps, without enclosing a drying agent. The present invention has a top surface emission structure. A substrate on which the light emitting elements are formed is bonded to a transparent sealing substrate. The structure is one in which a transparent second sealing material covers the entire surface of a pixel region when bonding the two substrates, and a first sealing material (having a higher viscosity than the second sealing material), which contains a gap material (filler, fine particles, or the like) for protecting a gap between the two substrates, surrounds the pixel region. The two substrates are seated by the first sealing material and the second sealing material. Further, reaction between electrodes of the light emitting elements (cathodes or anodes) and the sealing materials can be prevented by covering the electrodes with a transparent protective layer, for example, CaF2, MgF2, or BaF2.
US08455910B2
A method of manufacturing light emitting diode packaging lens and packages made by using the method are disclosed in the present invention. By using electrophoretic deposition, one or more layers of phosphors are coated onto one surface of a cup which has a curved portion. The cup is used for the packaging lens. Thickness of phosphor layer can be controlled and distribution of phosphor particles is uniform. Therefore, light emitting diode packages with the lens can be a uniform light source.
US08455904B2
A light source has an active layer (204) disposed between a first doped semiconductor layer (206) and a second doped semiconductor layer (208). The active layer has energy levels associated with light of a first wavelength. Light emitting elements (216) are positioned on the surface of the first doped semiconductor layer (206) for non-radiative excitation by the active layer. The light emitting elements are capable of emitting light at a second wavelength different from the first wavelength. In some embodiments a grid electrode (213) is disposed on the first doped semiconductor layer and defines open regions (214) of a surface of the first doped layer, the first plurality of light emitting elements being positioned in the open regions. In some embodiments a second plurality of light emitting elements is disposed over the first plurality of light emitting elements for non-radiative excitation by at least some of the first plurality of light emitting elements.
US08455901B2
An LED unit includes a plurality of LEDs connected to each other and a plate supporting the LEDs. Each LED includes a base, a chip mounted on the base, a pair of leads fixed to the base and electrically connected to the chip and an encapsulant sealing the chip. The base includes a main body and a pair of steps. The leads each have two opposite ends protruding from two opposite ends of the main body and located below/above a corresponding step. The protruding ends of the leads of each LED are connected to those of adjacent LEDs to electrically connect the LEDs in series or in parallel.
US08455899B2
Disclosed herein is a resin composition including 100 parts by weight of an organic resin and 50 to 1,000 parts by weight of an inorganic filler, wherein 10 to 100% of the inorganic filler is composed of an oxide of a rare earth element.
US08455898B2
There is herein described a LED lighting device utilizing quantum dots in layers on top of an LED chip. The quantum dots layers and the LED chip are arranged with gradient refractive indices, so that the refractive index of each layer is preferably less than the refractive index of the immediately underlying layer or chip. The quantum dots with emission peaks at longer wavelengths are preferably arranged in lower layers closer to the LED chip; while the quantum dots with emission peaks at shorter wavelengths are arranged in higher layers farther from the LED chip.
US08455897B2
An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate, a plurality of pixel electrodes formed on the substrate, a counter electrode formed to cover all of the plurality of pixel electrodes, organic light emitting layers disposed between the plurality of pixel electrodes and the counter electrode, an encapsulation substrate disposed above the substrate to cover the counter electrode, a sealant formed along edges of the substrate and the encapsulation substrate to seal a space formed between the substrate and the encapsulation substrate, a filler filled in the space formed between the substrate and the encapsulation substrate, and bus electrodes disposed on an inner surface of the encapsulation substrate facing the counter electrode. Each of the bus electrodes includes projecting portions and a base portion connecting the projecting portions to each other. The projecting portions are connected to the counter electrode, and a connection portion of the each of the projecting portions to the counter electrode is disposed between the organic light-emitting layers.
US08455891B2
An LED package includes a body; a first lead frame having a first cavity in the body; a second lead frame having a second cavity in the body; a first bonding part protruding into a region between a first lateral side of the body and the first cavity from the first lead frame; a second bonding part protruding into a region between a second lateral side of the body, and the second cavity from the second lead frame; a first LED in the first cavity; a second LED in the second cavity; a third lead frame disposed between the first lateral side and the first cavity; a fourth lead frame disposed between the second lateral side and the second cavity; a first protective device on one of the third lead frame and the first bonding part; and a second protective device on one of the fourth lead frame and the second bonding part.
US08455889B2
A lead frame for a chip package, a chip package, a package module, and an illumination apparatus including the chip package module. The chip package includes a first coupling portion and a second coupling portion that are coupled to each other on edges of a lead frame for mounting a chip thereon, and thus a package module is easily embodied by coupling the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion to each other.
US08455887B2
An LED illumination device includes: a substrate; one or more red LED chips arranged on the substrate; a plurality of blue LED chips arranged on the substrate; and a plurality of third-color LED chips arranged on the substrate. Respective centers of the red LED chips are arranged on a circumference of a first circle having as its center a point on the substrate, respective centers of the blue LED chips being arranged on the circumference of a second circle concentric with and greater than the first circle, respective centers of the third-color LED chips being arranged in a region between the first circle and the second circle.
US08455885B2
Methods for the heteroepitaxial growth of smooth, high quality films of N-face GaN film grown by MOCVD are disclosed. Use of a misoriented substrate and possibly nitridizing the substrate allow for the growth of smooth N-face GaN and other Group III nitride films as disclosed herein. The present invention also avoids the typical large (μm sized) hexagonal features which make N-face GaN material unacceptable for device applications. The present invention allows for the growth of smooth, high quality films which makes the development of N-face devices possible.
US08455882B2
A light emitting device and method of fabricating the same is disclosed that comprises at least one light emitter comprising an active region which emits light. The device further comprising a submount arranged such that the at least one light emitter is mounted to the submount such that the active region is angled in relation to the submount.
US08455876B2
An OLED display including a substrate main body; a first gate electrode and a second semiconductor layer; a gate insulating layer on the first gate electrode and the second semiconductor layer; a first semiconductor layer and a second gate electrode overlying the first gate electrode and the second semiconductor layer, respectively; etching stopper layers contacting portions of the first semiconductor layer; an interlayer insulating layer on the first semiconductor layer and the second gate electrode and including contact holes exposing the plurality of etching stopper layers, respectively; a first source electrode and a first drain electrode on the interlayer insulating layer and the contact holes being indirectly connected to the first semiconductor layer via the etching stopper layers or directly connected to the first semiconductor layer; and a second source electrode and a second drain electrode on the interlayer insulating layer being connected to the second semiconductor layer.
US08455870B2
A thin film transistor array panel includes an insulation substrate. A signal line is formed on the insulation substrate. A thin film transistor is connected to the signal line. A color filter is formed on the substrate. An organic insulator is formed on the color filter and includes a first portion and a second portion having different thicknesses. A light blocking member is formed on the second portion of the organic insulator. A difference between the surface height of the first portion of the organic insulator and the surface height of the second portion of the organic insulator is in the range of about 2.0 μm to 3.0 μm.
US08455867B2
A heterocyclic compound represented by a general Formula 1 and an organic light-emitting device including the heterocyclic compound. In some embodiments the heterocyclic compound of Formula 1 may be used as a light-emitting material, a hole transporting material, or an electron transporting material. The heterocyclic compound of Formula 1 having a heterocyclic group in the molecules thereof has a high glass transition temperature (Tg) or a high melting point due to the inclusion of the heterocyclic group. Thus, the heterocyclic compound has high heat resistance against Joule's heat generated in an organic layer, between organic layers, or between an organic layer and a metal electrode when light emission occurs, and has high durability in high-temperature environments. An organic light-emitting device manufactured using the heterocyclic compound of Formula 1 has high durability when stored or operated. In addition, due to the inclusion of a substituent such as an aryl group or heteroaryl group, molecular layers formed as thin films may be maintained in good condition, thereby improving the characteristics of the organic light-emitting device.
US08455855B2
Some embodiments include apparatus and methods having a memory cell with a first electrode, a second electrode, and a dielectric located between the first and second electrodes. The dielectric may be configured to allow the memory cell to form a conductive path in the dielectric from a portion of a material of the first electrode to represent a first value of information stored in the memory cell. The dielectric may also be configured to allow the memory cell to break the conductive path to represent a second value of information stored in the memory cell.
US08455852B2
Various embodiments of the present invention are direct to nanoscale, reconfigurable memristor devices. In one aspect, a memristor device (500,600) comprises an active region (508,610) sandwiched between a first electrode (301) and a second electrode (302). The active region including a non-volatile dopant region (506,608) selectively formed and positioned within the active region.
US08455846B2
A method includes scanning a radiation beam with respect to a multi-photon curable photoreactive composition. The radiation beam includes a power sufficient to at least partially cure a volume of the multiphoton curable photoreactive composition. The method further includes modifying a characteristic of the radiation beam as the radiation beam is scanned.
US08455842B2
The present disclosure relates to a transmission electron microscope grid including graphene sheet-carbon nanotube film composite. The graphene sheet-carbon nanotube film composite structure includes at least one carbon nanotube film structure and at least one functionalized graphene sheet. The carbon nanotube film structure includes at least one pore. The pore is covered by the functionalized graphene sheet.
US08455836B2
A sensor system that constantly monitors an irradiance level of a UV lamp and is operated by power from a sensor thereof, wherein the UV lamp is powered by a ballast. The sensor system includes a current sensor, a UV sensor, a voltage comparator, and a display. The current sensor is disposed in the electronic assembly and picks-up current from the ballast, and in response thereto, powers the voltage comparator. The UV sensor is disposed externally to the assembly and picks-up the irradiance from the UV lamp. The voltage comparator is disposed in the electronic assembly, is in electronic communication with the current sensor and the UV sensor, is powered by the current sensor, and compares voltage from the UV sensor to a predetermined value. The display is visible from the electronic assembly, is in electronic communication with the voltage comparator, and indicates result of comparison of the voltage comparator to thereby determine status of the UV lamp.
US08455834B2
Systems and methods for nuclear medicine (NM) imaging using different radiopharmaceuticals are provided. One method includes generating images of a region of interest (ROI) from radioactive emissions from a localization radiopharmaceutical to position the ROI in a field-of-view (FOV) of a gamma camera based on the generated images of the ROI. The method further includes performing an imaging scan of the ROI using an imaging radiopharmaceutical to acquire image data of the ROI, wherein the imaging radiopharmaceutical is different than the localization radiopharmaceutical.
US08455822B2
An improved method and apparatus for imaging and milling a substrate using a FIB system. Preferred embodiments of the present invention use a mixture of light and heavy ions, focused to the same focal point by the same beam optics, to simultaneously mill the sample surface (primarily with the heavy ions) while the light ions penetrate deeper into the sample to allow the generation of images of subsurface features. Among other uses, preferred embodiments of the present invention provide improved methods of navigation and sample processing that can be used for various circuit edit applications, such as backside circuit edit.
US08455818B2
Described herein are methods and systems which enable a unique platform for analyte quantitation. The methods and systems relate to determining the amount of interference in a precursor ion isolation window resulting from an impurity. Once the level of impurity is determined, several methods can be employed to reduce the amount of interference in a subsequent MS/MS spectrum. The methods and systems described herein enable increased quantitation accuracy while maintaining high levels of throughput.
US08455810B2
An optical element incorporated into an imaging optical system, comprising: an effective diameter area that allows effective light flux contributing to imaging to pass, a non-effective diameter area that surrounds the effective diameter area; and an outer peripheral face that surrounds the non-effective diameter area. The effective diameter area, the non-effective diameter area and the outer peripheral face are centered on an imaging optical axis. At least a thickness-direction part of the outer peripheral face or a circumferential part thereof is a non-parallel face having an inclination to an imaging optical axis. A light incident from a face of an object side, reflected on a face of an image-plane side to the outer peripheral face and reflected on the outer peripheral face is not incident to an image plane.
US08455805B2
Processing a two dimensional (2D) barcode using a mobile telecommunications terminal having an image scanner includes obtaining a scanned image of the 2D barcode from the image scanner, decoding the image to obtain data, including a web address, and associating an identifier with the decoded web address, such that the identifier is identifiable by a remote proxy server to obtain information relating to the use of the barcode. A browser of the mobile terminal transmits a web page request including the decoded web address and the identifier. The web page request may be identified as originating from a 2D barcode at a server in a mobile telecommunications network. The request is received from a mobile terminal, an inserted identifier is identified in the request, and a record is saved, the record including an identifier of the mobile terminal or a user of the mobile terminal and the web page address.
US08455803B2
The present invention relates to a wave choke device for an oven door of a microwave oven. The wave choke device includes a front shielding comprising at least one conductive material and a wave trap forming a channel with one at least partially open side, which wave trap is arranged on at least one outer portion of the front shielding and comprises at least one conductive material. The wave choke device includes further a plurality of lamellae arranged uniformly in the at least partially open side of the wave trap, which lamellae comprises at least one conductive material. The wave choke device comprises one single piece made of a perforated material, wherein said one single piece includes at least the front shielding and the wave trap. The present invention relates further to a corresponding oven door and a corresponding microwave oven.
US08455802B2
A reusable self-supporting field director for use in a microwave oven is characterized by a plurality of vanes, each extending radially outwardly from a central axis. The vanes are supported in a slotted central support member. Each vane has a predetermined thickness dimension. Each vane comprises a substrate formed from an electrically non-conductive material having a predetermined coefficient of thermal expansion and an electrically conductive wrapper having a predetermined coefficient of thermal expansion that is different from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the substrate. The wrapper wraps the substrate so that a portion of the first and second major surfaces are covered and the radially inner end of each vane is wrapped by an electrically conductive material. The wrapper and the substrate are arranged in a laterally symmetric fashion so that thermal expansion effects due to heating are equalized across the thickness of each vane.
US08455796B2
A heated flat iron 1 includes a first elongated member 2 and a second elongated member 3 that are joined together at one end at a hinge 4. An electrical cord 5 is attached thereto and has a conventional plug (not shown) to connect the iron 1 to a conventional external electrical energy source. An upper plate 6 is attached to the first member 2, and a lower plate 7 us attached to the second member 3. The upper plate 6 comprises a longitudinally aligned groove 8, preferably including in the groove 8 a series of longitudinally spaced laterally oriented slot depressions 9. The lower plate 7 includes a set of raised ridges 10, each having a length L that is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the second member 3, a height H measured in a direction extending away from the surface of the lower plate 7, and a thickness T measured transversely to length L, where L is greater than T. The ridges 10 are aligned in a longitudinally extending row along the lower plate 7 so that the row is aligned with the groove 8 and each ridge 10 corresponds in alignment with one of the slot depressions 9. The height of the ridges 10 may be adjustably varied.
US08455795B2
A surface heating system and method of heating a surface in which there are two or more heating cables adapted to be embedded in a cementitious material and using a single feed cold lead wire is described. One or more heating cables are provided to define one or more heating circuits. The heating cables have electrically conductive wires. A cold lead connector is secured to the electrically conductive wires at an end of the one or more heating cables. A feed cold lead wire is secured at one end to a thermostat to which is connectable an electrical supply source, and at a second end to the cold lead connector of the one or more heating cables.
US08455794B2
A welding power supply including power conversion circuitry adapted to receive a primary source of power, to utilize one or more power semiconductor switches to chop the primary source of power, and to convert the chopped power to a welding output is provided. The provided welding power supply includes a pulse width modulated (PWM) digital controller including gate drive circuitry that generates a PWM output signal that controls the switching of the one or more power semiconductor switches. The PWM output signal includes a duty cycle term corrected for one or more sources of error in the welding system.
US08455786B2
An electrode head of the plasma cutting machine is provided. The electrode head comprises a sheath, a bearing means, an electrode core, a first brazing means and a second brazing means. The sheath has a first end and a second end. A first flange extends radially inward from the first end. The bearing means has a third end and a fourth end. A second flange extending from the third end is fixed to the first flange of the sheath via the first brazing means. A protrusion portion is provided axially from the interior of the fourth end. A recess portion is extending from the third end into the interior of the protrusion portion. The electrode core is fixed in the recess portion via the second brazing means.
US08455782B2
A portable EDM device and system thereof for producing calibration reflectors on a pipe includes a base mountable on the pipe, a motor mounted on the base, a cutting tool operably connected to the motor, an electrode operably connected to the cutting tool, a power source mounted on the base and operably connected to the electrode and operably connectable to the pipe, and a source of dielectric fluid mounted on the base. The power source is configured to electrically discharge a voltage from the electrode to the pipe to remove material from the pipe. The source of dielectric fluid is in fluid communication with the pipe to remove the material removed from the pipe.
US08455779B2
A chip card device includes: a first insulative substrate; a chip unit disposed on an inner side of the first insulative substrate; a first conductive wiring disposed on the inner side of the first insulative substrate, and including a first chip-connecting end that is electrically connected to the chip unit, and a first open circuit terminal opposite to the first chip-connecting end; and a second conductive wiring disposed on the inner side of the first insulative substrate and including a second chip-connecting end that is electrically connected to the chip unit, and a second open circuit terminal that is opposite to the second chip-connecting end, and that can be electrically connected to the first open circuit terminal through an external touching member.
US08455778B2
A side key assembly includes a metallic dome, an insulating layer and a decorative layer. The insulating layer is laminated on the dome. The decorative layer is laminated on the insulating layer.
US08455770B2
A method of fabricating a wiring board includes forming a resist layer, such as a solder or plating resist layer, defining an opening portion on a support board such that a portion of the support board is exposed. An electrode is formed directly on the support board within the opening portion, and the plating resist layer, when used, is removed. An insulating layer is formed on the electrode, as well as the support board or solder resist layer, and a wiring portion connected to the electrode at the insulating layer is also formed. A solder resist layer having an opening portion is then formed on the wiring portion, and the support board is removed to expose a surface of the electrode or a surface of the electrode and insulating layer. Another solder resist layer having an opening portion may then be formed on the exposed surface of the insulating layer.
US08455769B2
An electronic component achieves significantly improved adhesion strength between an external electrode and a substrate body and includes an insulative substrate body, at least one groove disposed in at least one main surface of the substrate body, at least one external electrode disposed on the at least one main surface of the substrate body, wherein a portion of the at least one external electrode is disposed in at least a portion of the groove.
US08455768B2
A stack of an interconnect-level dielectric material layer and a disposable dielectric material layer is patterned so that at least one recessed region is formed through the disposable dielectric material layer and in an upper portion of the interconnect-level dielectric material layer. A dielectric liner layer and a metallic liner layer is formed in the at least one recessed region. At least one photoresist is applied to fill the at least one recessed region and lithographically patterned to form via cavities and/or line cavities in the interconnect-level dielectric material layer. After removing the at least one photoresist, the at least one recessed region, the via cavities, and/or the line cavities are filled with at least one metallic material, which is subsequently planarized to form at least one planar resistor having a top surface that is coplanar with top surfaces of metal lines or metal vias.
US08455767B2
As a base, a side wall, and a top board are integrated by integral molding in a printed circuit board module, the printed circuit board module is structured in a simple manner. Further, conductive terminals are used for fitting a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board is securely held between the electrically conductive terminals and the top board via an elasticity of the conductive terminals. Here, due to the functioning of the notches, the printed circuit board is positioned in a simple manner. Due to the functioning of the base, a printed circuit board module can stand erect. The printed circuit board establishes a vertical posture. The packaging area is reduced. The packaging density improves. Further, the flat surface of the top board that is formed facing upward with a certain extension is used as, for example, an absorbent face.
US08455757B2
An illustrative solar cell may include an electron conductor, an absorber, a hole conductor, and one or more other layers that help reduce interfacial charge recombination within the solar cell for improved solar cell efficiency. In one example, an electron inhibiting/hole transporting layer is provided that blocks or at least substantially inhibits movement of electrons that may otherwise move from within the absorber and/or electron conductor into the hole conductor of the solar cell, while permitting holes to travel from the absorber to the hole conductor. In some cases, the electron inhibiting/hole transporting layer may be transparent or substantially transparent to incident light so that the incident light may reach the absorber material.
US08455756B2
A solar cell including a base of single crystal silicon with a cubic crystal structure and a single crystal layer of a second material with a higher bandgap than the bandgap of silicon. First and second single crystal transition layers are positioned in overlying relationship with the layers graduated from a cubic crystal structure at one surface to a hexagonal crystal structure at an opposed surface. The first and second transition layers are positioned between the base and the layer of second material with the one surface lattice matched to the base and the opposed surface lattice matched to the layer of second material.
US08455754B2
A solar cell element and method of manufacturing same is disclosed. A reverse-conductive-type layer is formed on at least one part of a first surface side of a one-conductive-type semiconductor substrate. A conductive layer is formed on the reverse-conductive-type layer. A contact region for electrically connecting the conductive layer and the one-conductive-type semiconductor substrate is formed by heating and melting at least one part of the conductive layer. The solar cell element can be manufactured without conducting complicated treatments, such as removal by etching and re-growing of a silicon thin layer.
US08455752B2
A photovoltaic (PV) ac-module grounding system includes a plurality of PV dc-voltage modules. Each PV dc-voltage module is integrated with a corresponding dc-ac micro-inverter to provide a corresponding PV ac-voltage module. Each PV ac-voltage module includes an ac-voltage plug and play connector that includes a dc ground conductor. Each dc-ac micro-inverter is internally electrically connected to its own chassis ground or metal enclosure which in turn is electrically connected to a corresponding dc ground conductor. A dc ground path is carried through an ac power bus from ac-voltage module to ac-voltage module through the plug and play connectors via the dc ground conductors.
US08455751B2
High performance thin film thermoelectric couples and methods of making the same are disclosed. Such couples allow fabrication of at least microwatt to watt-level power supply devices operating at voltages greater than one volt even when activated by only small temperature differences.
US08455749B1
A detachable (portable) electrical pickup for musical instruments, such as basses, that includes a clamp to secure the pickup to the bridge of an instrument, a piezo crystal sensor, an integral audio jack, and a volume control. Also included are musician removable and interchangeable weights that are used to alter the response characteristics and to control any deleterious feedback.
US08455747B2
A musical learning aid that help users learn and understand how musical pieces are composed. The present invention is able to help users understand how scales and chords are constructed. Additionally, the present invention can teach users which chords naturally lead to other notes allowing users to learn how to compose their own musical pieces.
US08455746B2
Described is a bass drum foot pedal having a variable drive lever linkage with variable arc ratios connecting the foot pedal to a beater bracket. The beater bracket is formed with a mounting surface that tips a beater shaft forward to create a forward beater angle that maximizes the beater impact against a bass drum.
US08455741B1
A novel maize variety designated PH18KC and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PH18KC with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PH18KC through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PH18KC or a locus conversion of PH18KC with another maize variety.
US08455737B2
The invention provides seed and plants of pepper hybrid PS09967422 and the parent lines thereof. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of pepper hybrid PS09967422 and the parent lines thereof, and to methods for producing a pepper plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another pepper plant, such as a plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of such plants, including the fruit and gametes of such plants.
US08455729B2
The invention relates to the soybean variety designated A1015644. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety A1015644. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety A1015644 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety A1015644 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods.
US08455727B2
The invention relates to the soybean variety designated A1024755. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety A1024755. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety A1024755 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety A1024755 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods.
US08455721B2
A soybean cultivar designated 99401805 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 99401805, to the plants of soybean 99401805, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 99401805, and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 99401805 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars, or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean variety 99401805, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 99401805, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 99401805 with another soybean cultivar.
US08455720B2
A novel transgenic corn event designated MIR162 is disclosed. The invention relates to nucleic acids that are unique to event MIR162 and to methods for detecting the presence of the MIR162 event based on DNA sequences of the recombinant constructs inserted into the corn genome that resulted in the MIR162 event and of genomic sequences flanking the insertion site. The invention further relates to corn plants comprising the transgenic genotype of MIR162 and to methods for producing a corn plant by crossing a corn plant comprising the MIR162 genotype with itself or another corn variety. Seeds of corn plants comprising the MIR162 genotype are also objects of the present invention. The invention also relates to methods of controlling insects using MIR162 corn plants.
US08455717B2
A method of producing collagen in a plant and plants producing collagen are provided. The method is effected by expressing in the plant at least one type of a collagen alpha chain in a manner enabling accumulation of the collagen alpha chain in a subcellular compartment devoid of endogenous P4H activity, thereby producing the collagen in the plant.
US08455712B1
An inbred corn line, designated D026407, the plants and seeds of the inbred corn line D026407, methods for producing a corn plant, either inbred or hybrid, produced by crossing the inbred corn line D026407 with itself or with another corn plant, and hybrid corn seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line D026407 with another corn line or plant and to methods for producing a corn plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic corn plants produced by that method. This invention also relates to inbred corn lines derived from inbred corn line D026407, to methods for producing other inbred corn lines derived from inbred corn line D026407 and to the inbred corn lines derived by the use of those methods.
US08455703B2
The invention relates to a method for the liquid-liquid extraction of alcohols from aqueous solutions using at least one ionic liquid containing a tetra-cyanoborate anion as solvent.
US08455700B2
The present invention relates to a process for preparing phenylalkan-1-ols in three stages, where an ester condensation in the presence of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alcoholates is carried out in the first stage.
US08455696B2
Production of a ketone or aldehyde prepared by condensation is optimized by dehydration and hydrogenation of a starting acetone/ketone or aldehyde in a reaction zone and wherein water is partially eliminated from such reaction product by at least one membrane pervaporation module, the pervaporation module being fed tangentially and situated laterally to the reaction zone and operating in a loop, and wherein a fraction of reaction product exiting the reaction zone is thus partially dehydrated and recycling such dehydrated concentrate to the reaction zone.
US08455692B2
Resolution of the title compound to its active isomer (R)-1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylamino ethanol with (R)-naproxen as a resolving agent.
US08455685B2
A method of making acetic anhydride or a mixture of acetic anhydride and acetic acid comprising: (a) catalytically reacting a feedstock containing methyl acetate and/or dimethyl ether with carbon monoxide in the presence of a homogeneous rhodium catalyst and methyl iodide in a reactor vessel which contains a substantially anhydrous liquid reaction mixture including acetic acid, acetic anhydride, methyl acetate and/or dimethyl ether, methyl iodide and the homogeneous catalyst, the reactor vessel being operated at a reactor pressure; (b) withdrawing reaction mixture from the reaction vessel and feeding the withdrawn reaction mixture along with additional carbon monoxide to a pre-flasher/post reactor vessel operated at a reduced pressure below the reactor vessel pressure; (c) venting light ends in the pre-flasher vessel and concurrently consuming methyl acetate and/or dimethyl ether in the pre-flasher/post reactor vessel to produce a pre-flash mixture which is enriched in acetic anhydride and diminished in methyl iodide and methyl acetate and/or dimethyl ether as compared with the reaction mixture; (d) withdrawing the pre-flash reaction mixture from the pre-flasher/post reactor vessel and feeding the pre-flash mixture to a flash vessel; and (e) flashing a crude product stream from the mixture in a flash vessel operated at a pressure substantially below the pressure of the pre-flasher/post reactor vessel.
US08455681B2
The present invention is directed to Mannich condensation product sequestering agents or mixtures of Mannich condensation product sequestering agents for use in fuels and lubricating oils. The present invention is also directed to a process for preparing the Mannich condensation product sequestering agents. The present invention is also directed to a product formed by combining, under reaction conditions, a polyisobutyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, an aldehyde, an amino acid or ester thereof, and an alkali metal base to form the Mannich condensation product sequestering agent. The present invention is also directed to a lubricating oil composition, a lubricating oil concentrate, a fuel composition, and a fuel concentrate having the Mannich condensation product sequestering agents of the present invention.
US08455678B2
Disclosed is a process for the preparation of (R)-2-(3-diisopropylamino-1-phenylpropyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-phenol isobutyrate (Fesoterodine) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having a low content of impurities such as tolterodine and tolterodine isobutyrate.
US08455668B2
A method for preparing hydroxymethylfurfural, which includes: a) mixing and dissolving triose or its derivatives and solvent 1 to obtain the first reaction mixture; b) reacting the obtained first reaction mixture with Alkaline Catalyst 1 to condense into hexose; c) mixing and dissolving the resulting hexose and solvent 2 to obtain the second reaction mixture; d) adding acid catalyst 2 to the second reaction mixture, then heating the second reaction mixture at 80˜280° C. to form the third reaction mixture including hydroxymethylfurfural; e) obtaining the hydroxymethylfurfural separating by separating from the third mixture. The method is a new synthetic way for preparing 4-hydroxymethylfurfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.
US08455662B2
Formulations are provided, comprising: a compound of Formula I, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a mixture of any two or more thereof; and an ingredient selected from a hydrophilic solvent, a lipophilic solvent, an emulsifier, or a mixture of any two or more thereof; wherein the compound of Formula I is: In some embodiments, the formulations are liquids. In other embodiments, the formulations are solids. Also provided are methods of preparing such formulations.
US08455649B2
N-Azinyl-N′-aryl ureas and thioureas derivatives are effective at controlling insects.
US08455648B2
The present invention relates to novel heterocyclic compounds which are useful for inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), methods of making the compounds, compositions containing the compounds, and methods of treatment using the compounds.
US08455640B2
Novel process for statins and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof represented by general formula (I).
US08455636B2
An antisense molecule capable of binding to a selected target site to induce exon skipping in the dystrophin gene, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 to 202.
US08455632B2
The invention is directed to the detection of multiple types of HPV with high specificity and high sensitivity. The invention provides primer sets, probes, and a kit containing the primer set and the probe, for type-specific HPV detection.
US08455630B2
The invention provides polynucleotide and polypeptide sequences isolated from P. radiata and E. grandis that are involved in wood and cell wall biosynthesis. Methods for using the sequences, along with constructs and transgenic plants, are provided also.
US08455629B2
Monoclonal antibodies and hybridomas producing them that interact with osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL) are provided. Methods of treating osteopenic disorders by administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of antibodies to OPGL are also provided. Methods of detecting the amount of OPGL in a sample using antibodies to OPGL are further provided.
US08455626B2
The subject invention relates to monoclonal antibodies that may be used in the treatment and diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. In particular, the present invention relates to monoclonal antibodies referred to as 10F4 and 3C5 and to other monoclonal antibodies (e.g., murine, human or humanized) having similar properties thereto.
US08455623B2
Isolated antibodies that specifically bind the human MET Receptor and inhibit MET signaling are described. Also described are methods of treating cancer, the methods comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the provided MET antibodies and combinations thereof.
US08455612B2
A one pot method of preparing cyclic carbonyl compounds comprising an active pendant pentafluorophenyl ester group is disclosed. The cyclic carbonyl compounds can be polymerized by ring opening methods to form ROP polymers comprising repeat units comprising a side chain pentafluorophenyl ester group. Using a suitable nucleophile, the pendant pentafluorophenyl ester group can be selectively transformed into a variety of other functional groups before or after the ring opening polymerization.
US08455611B2
An optical film comprising a copolycarbonate composed of 25 to 90 mol % of unit (A) of the following formula, and 10 to 75 mol % of unit (B) of the following formula, wherein the substituents are defined herein, and the optical film satisfies the following expression (1), R(450)
US08455607B2
A curable liquid polysiloxane/TiO2 composite for use as a light emitting diode encapsulant is provided, comprising: a polysiloxane with TiO2 domains having an average domain size of less than 5 nm, wherein the curable liquid polysiloxane/TiO2 composite contains 20 to 60 mol % TiO2 (based on total solids); wherein the curable liquid polysiloxane/TiO2 composite exhibits a refractive index of >1.61 to 1.7 and wherein the curable liquid polysiloxane/TiO2 composite is a liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Also provided is a light emitting diode manufacturing assembly.
US08455604B1
Polysilanes, inks containing the same, and methods for their preparation are disclosed. The polysilane may have the formula H-[(AHR)n(c-AmHpm-2)q]—H, where A is independently Si or Ge; R is H, -AaHa+1Ra, halogen, aryl or substituted aryl; (n+a)≧10 if q=0, q≧3 if n=0, and (n+q)≧6 if both n and q≠0; p is 1 or 2; and m is from 3 to 12. The method may include combining a silane compound of the formula AHaR14-a, AkHgR1′h and/or c-AmHpmR1rm with a catalyst of the formula R4xR5yMXz (or an immobilized derivative thereof) to form a poly(aryl)silane; then washing the poly(aryl)silane with an aqueous washing composition and contacting the poly(aryl)silane with an adsorbent to remove the metal M. Alternatively, the method may include halogenating a polyarylsilane and reducing the halopolysilane with a metal hydride to form the polysilane.
US08455600B2
Provided is a functional styrene-butadiene copolymer having superior silica affinity. The copolymer is prepared by radical polymerizing a styrene monomer, a butadiene monomer and a reactive polyol monomer in emulsion state in order to maximize the mixing effect when compounding with silica. When mixed with silica, the disclosed styrene-butadiene copolymer provides excellent wet traction and superior abrasion resistance, and is suitable to be used for an industrial material of snow tires, belts, hoses, etc.
US08455586B2
A copolymeric gelator includes a minor monomeric unit; and a major acrylonitrile (AN) monomeric unit copolymerized with the minor monomeric unit to provide a copolymer that is soluble in a solvent comprised of 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide and 3-methoxypropionitrile. The major acrylonitrile (AN) monomeric units have good ionic conductivity and coordinating sites for lithium ions to be dissolved with a liquid-electrolytic solvent. The minor monomeric units may be selected among vinyl acetate, allyl acetate, styrene, acrylamide and a combination thereof. The gelator and a liquid-electrolytic solvent may be used to produce a gel electrolyte.
US08455580B2
Compositions comprising: A. Ethylene-based polymer, e.g., LDPE; B. Polyalkylene glycol, e.g., PEG; C. Tertiary hindered amine stabilizer; D. Sulphur-containing hindered phenol antioxidant; E. Peroxide; and F. Optional coagent are useful in the preparation of TRXLPE insulation for medium voltage cable that exhibits a commercially desirable balance of long term heat aging retardancy and water-tree resistance.
US08455577B2
A halogen-free and flame-resistant photosensitive resin composition is provided, which has properties necessary for a solder resist (insulative property, solder heat resistance, alkali developability and the like) and is capable of forming a film that is excellent in folding endurance even after an IR reflow process. A flexible circuit board employing the photosensitive resin composition and a circuit board production method are also provided. The photosensitive resin composition comprises: (A) a linear polymer of an ethylenically unsaturated compound comprising a carboxyl-containing ethylenically unsaturated compound; (B) an epoxy resin; (C) a polymerizable compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group; (D) a photopolymerization initiator; and a cyclic phosphazene (E) represented by the following general formula (1):
US08455575B2
A wood powder-containing material includes wood powder having a volume average particle diameter of from about 1 μm to about 5 mm, an aliphatic polyester, and a condensed phosphate ester.
US08455572B2
This invention relates to the fields of polymer chemistry, materials science and ophthalmology. More particularly it relates to optical components and method(s) of preparing same from hydrophobic acrylic (HA) monomer(s) that exhibit reduced or eliminated glistenings when implanted in a patient's eye. The method of this invention uses a mixture of one or more low temperature initiators (LTI) combined with one or more high temperature initiators (HTI), to polymerize one or more HA monomers to produce an optical HA polymer which, when used to manufacture an optical component and implanted as with an intraocular lens (IOL), exhibit reduced glistenings to the patient.
US08455565B2
Dental compositions and disulfide monomers are described. The disulfide monomer comprise a disulfide backbone group wherein each of the sulfur atoms are bonded to an ethylenically unsaturated group via a divalent linking group and the linking group comprises at least one heteroatom; and at least one other monomer ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
US08455563B2
The invention relates to new reactive mesogenic compounds (RM), polymerisable liquid crystal (LC) mixtures and polymers comprising them, and the use of the compounds, mixtures and polymers in optical, electrooptical, electronic, semiconducting or luminescent components or devices, in decorative, security or cosmetic applications, especially for use in polymer films having high optical dispersion.
US08455561B2
The object of the invention is a method for the production of foams on silicon basis from polymer mixtures (A) containing silicon, wherein at least one compound (V) is used that contributes to the formation of the polymer network, and which carries at least one alkoxy silyl group of the general formula [1a], [1b], or [1c] ≡Si—O—(R1)(R2)(R3) [1a], ═Si(R5)—O—C(R1)(R2)(R3) [1b], ≡Si—O—C(O)—U [1c], from which upon curing of the polymer mixtures (A) at least one molecule (XY) is split which is gaseous during processing and causes the formation of foam in the polymer mixture (A), and a catalyst (K) selected from a Brönstedt acid, Brönstedt base, Lewis acid, and Lewis base, where R1, R2, R3, R5, and U have the meanings as stated in claim 1, and where polymer mixtures (A) which form SiO2 during the cross-linking process are excluded. The invention further relates to a method, wherein the foam layers, foamed molded bodies, adhesive or sealing masses are produced, and foams on a silicon basis, which can be obtained from the polymer mixtures (A) according to the previous mentioned method.
US08455555B2
Higher molecular weight hydrocarbon compounds or oxygenates are produced from a gas comprising methane in a process comprising the steps of generating synthesis gas (“syngas”) comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reaction of a gas comprising methane with steam and/or an oxidant gas comprising oxygen, producing higher molecular weight hydrocarbon compounds or oxygenates in a syngas conversion process, removing offgas comprising unreacted hydrogen and unreacted carbon monoxide from said syngas conversion process and separating cryogenically unreacted hydrogen from said offgas or from a gas derived therefrom to produce separated hydrogen product that is substantially free of unreacted carbon monoxide and a first cryogenic liquid comprising unreacted carbon monoxide. The unreacted hydrogen is preferably separated from the offgas in a liquid methane wash column.
US08455553B2
The invention provides compositions and methods for reducing one or more symptoms of an autoimmune disease, inflammatory disease, and/or transplant rejection, by the administration to a subject in need thereof a pharmaceutically effective amount of a purified compound of any one of Formulae A-E. The invention's methods are useful for the prevention, amelioration, and treatment of autoimmune disease, inflammatory disease, and/or transplant rejection.
US08455549B2
The present invention relates to the use of a particular group of carbonylamino derivatives for the treatment or alleviation of a disease or condition relating to certain inflammatory disorders.
US08455547B2
Therapeutic compounds, compositions, methods, and medicaments related thereto are disclosed herein.
US08455544B2
The present invention concerns methods for treating and preventing renal/kidney disease, insulin resistance/diabetes, fatty liver disease, and/or endothelial dysfunction/cardiovascular disease using synthetic triterpenoids, optionally in combination with a second treatment or prophylaxis.
US08455543B2
The subject invention concerns platinum complexes that exhibit antitumor cell and/or antiparasitic activity. The subject invention also concerns the use of platinum complexes of the invention to treat oncological and inflammatory disorders. The platinum complexes of the invention can also be used to treat or prevent infection by a virus or a bacterial or parasitic organism in vivo or in vitro.
US08455537B2
A method for preventing, diagnosing, or treating a condition mediated by an estrogen receptor by administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula I, II, or a combination thereof: wherein R1, R3, R4, and R5 are independently selected from H, OH, and ORa; R2 is selected from H, OH, and (C═O) (C1-7)alkyl; Ra is (C1-7)alkyl or (C═O)(C1-7)alkyl; or a derivative of the compound selected from N-oxide derivatives, prodrug derivatives, protected derivatives, isomers, and mixtures of isomers of the compound; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate of the compound or the derivative. Compounds of formula I and II and pharmaceuticals compositions thereof are also presented.
US08455536B2
Stereomerically pure (+)-2-[1-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylethyl]-4-acetylaminoisoindoline-1,3-dione, substantially free of its (−) isomer, and prodrugs, metabolites, polymorphs, salts, solvates, hydrates, and clathrates thereof are discussed. Also discussed are methods of using and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the (+) enantiomer of 2-[1-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylethyl]-4-acetylaminoisoindoline-1,3-dione are disclosed. The methods include methods of treating and/or preventing disorders ameliorated by the reduction of levels of TNF-α or the inhibition of PDE4.
US08455532B2
A kind of pyrazolyl acrylniitrile compounds represented by the structures of formula I or stereoisomers thereof are disclosed in the present invention. Where in: R1 is selected from the group of substituents consisting of H, C1-C4 alkoxy C1-C2 alkyl, C3-C5 alkenyloxy C1-C2 alkyl, C3-C5 alknyloxy C1-C2 alkyl, C1-C4 alkylthio C1-C2 alkyl, C1-C5 alkyl carbonyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl carbonyl, C1-C5 alkoxy carbonyl or C1-C5 alkylthio carbonyl; R2 is Cl or methyl; R3 is H, methyl, CN, NO2 or halogen. Or its stereoisomers.The Formula I compounds have high insecticidal activities or acaricidal activities, so they can be used as insecticide or acaricide.
US08455530B2
The invention provides a crystalline freebase form of 4′-{2-ethoxy-4-ethyl-5-[((S)-2-mercapto-4-methylpentanoylamino)methyl]imidazol-1-ylmethyl}-3′-fluorobiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline compound, processes and intermediates for preparing the crystalline compound, and methods of using the crystalline compound to treat diseases such as hypertension.
US08455528B2
The present invention is directed to certain imidazole derivatives which are useful as inhibitors of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH). The invention is also concerned with pharmaceutical formulations comprising these compounds as active ingredients and the use of the compounds and their formulations in the treatment of certain disorders, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, skeletomuscular pain, and fibromyalgia, as well as acute pain, migraine, sleep disorder, Alzeimer Disease, and Parkinson's Disease.
US08455522B2
The present invention provides a compound of formula I; a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a pharmaceutical composition.
US08455519B2
The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I): in which: R is a linear or branched alkyl group containing between 1 and 3 carbon atoms, Y is CH or N, and p is an integer between 0 and 3 and preferably 0 and 1, and salts thereof, either acid-addition salts with a pharmaceutically acceptable organic or mineral acid, or base-addition salts with a pharmaceutically acceptable organic or mineral base. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the compound of formula (I), and to a pharmaceutical composition comprising it. The invention also relates to the use of an indazole for preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is active in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
US08455513B2
6-Amino isoquinoline compounds are provided that influence, inhibit or reduce the action of a kinase. Pharmaceutical compositions including therapeutically effective amounts of the 6-aminoisoquinoline compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are also provided. Various methods using the compounds and/or compositions to affect disease states or conditions such as cancer, obesity and glaucoma are also provided.
US08455508B2
An oil-in-water buprenorphine formulation including buprenorphine and a surfactant that emulsifies the buprenorphine in oil, wherein the drug release is controlled by varying the oil concentration and/or pH. A buprenorphine aqueous suspension formulation including a free base buprenorphine and a suspension stabilizer. A buprenorphine oil formulation including a buprenorphine salt suspended in a pharmaceutically acceptable oil. Methods of providing sustained release of buprenorphine over a period of time.
US08455505B2
The compound of formula (I) is an inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase, useful for inhalation treatment of pulmonary inflammation.
US08455495B2
The present invention comprises a new class of compounds useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of protein kinase mediated diseases, including inflammation and related conditions. The compounds have a general Formula I wherein A, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, X and n are defined herein. The invention also comprises pharmaceutical compositions including one or more compounds of Formula I, uses of such compounds and compositions for treatment of p38 map kinase mediated diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pain and other inflammatory disorders, as well as intermediates and processes useful for the preparation of compounds of Formula I.
US08455494B2
This application relates to the use of one or more parasympathomimetic drugs in combination with one or more alpha agonists to create optically beneficial miosis to, for example, temporarily treat presbyopia. The invention provides a pharmaceutical preparation comprising a therapeutically effective amount of one or more parasympathomimetic drugs or cholinesterase inhibitors, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with one or more alpha agonists or antagonists, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The invention further provides for a method for treating, ameliorating or reducing presbyopia of a patient having an eye, comprising administering to said eye a pharmaceutically effective amount of the ophthalmic preparation.
US08455480B2
The present invention relates to novel active substance combinations which contain firstly at least one known compound of the formula (I) in which R1 and A have the meanings given in the description, and secondly at least one further known active substance from the class of the neonicotinoids, and which are highly suitable for controlling animal pests such as insects and undesired acarids.
US08455479B2
The present invention relates to novel compounds of Formula I, their pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives, tautomeric forms, stereoisomers including R and S isomers, polymorphs, prodrugs, metabolites, salts or solvates thereof. The invention also relates to the processes for the synthesis of novel compounds of Formula I, their pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives, tautomeric forms, stereoisomers, polymorphs, prodrugs, metabolites, salts or solvates thereof. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of Formula I and methods of treating or preventing one or more conditions that may be regulated or normalized via inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV).
US08455474B2
Disclosed is a method for treating a symptom of M. tuberculosis infection in a subject, comprising administering the patient with an effective amount of (3R,4S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-[(3S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl]-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)zetidin-2-one (EZETIMIBE). In the preferred embodiments, EZETIMIBE is capable of significantly inhibiting the survival and proliferation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the monocytes. The anti-tuberculous effect of EZETIMIBE is partly through stimulating CD13 leading to monocytes activation and thus bacterial killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and partly through depleting the intracellular nutrition necessary for the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is also proved that EZETIMIBE is capable of directly killing Mycobacterium tuberculosis outside cells.
US08455473B2
Composition and method for irrigating a prepared dental root canal. The composition is an aqueous composition of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, chlorhexidine or orally acceptable addition salt, and N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide, and is effective for simultaneous smear layer removal and disinfection.
US08455464B2
A composition for the treatment of adhesions that are formed as a result of an inflammatory response comprising an aqueous formulation containing the polysaccharide dextrin in an effective amount. The invention also discloses a method of treating adhesions that are formed as a result of an inflammatory response.
US08455457B2
Provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition or a kit comprising a combination of a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker and an adenosine A1 receptor agonist. Also provided herein is a method of reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in a subject using such a combination or kit. In a particular embodiment, provided herein is a combination of timolol marketed under the brand Timoptic™ and Compound A.
US08455447B2
The invention provides a modified therapeutic agent, said modified agent comprising three or more membrane binding elements with low membrane affinity covalently associated with the agent which elements are capable of interacting independently and with thermodynamic additivity, with components of cellular or artificial membranes exposed to extracellular fluids wherein at least two membrane binding elements are lipophilic elements, which may be aliphatic acyl groups, which may be selected from the list consisting of Myristoyl, Decanoyl or Hexanoyl.
US08455443B2
A wound healing composition comprising a class of polypeptide compounds having a polypeptide chain with 5 to 120 amino acid units per chain. The composition includes a pharmaceutical medium to carry the polypeptide compound, such as an aqueous solution, suspension, dispersion, salve, ointment, gel, cream, lotion, spray or paste. Additionally, a method of applying a wound healing composition comprising a class of polypeptide compounds having a polypeptide chain with 5 to 120 amino acid units per chain in a concentration of from about 1 μg/ml to about 100 μg/ml for a time sufficient to heal the wound is disclosed.
US08455434B2
The growth hormone supergene family comprises greater than 20 structurally related cytokines and growth factors. A general method is provided for creating site-specific, biologically active conjugates of these proteins. The method involves adding cysteine residues to non-essential regions of the proteins or substituting cysteine residues for non-essential amino acids in the proteins using site-directed mutagenesis and then covalently coupling a cysteine-reactive polymer or other type of cysteine-reactive moiety to the proteins via the added cysteine residue. Disclosed herein are preferred sites for adding cysteine residues or introducing cysteine substitutions into the proteins, and the proteins and protein derivatives produced thereby. Also disclosed are therapeutic methods for using the cysteine variants of the invention.
US08455431B2
The present invention is an inhibitor of the trypsin-like β2/β2i sites of the proteasome. The inhibitor is characterized as being a peptide-based epoxyketone or vinyl sulfone that contains an arginine or 4-aminomethylene-L-phenylalanine at the C-terminus (i.e., at the P1 position). Methods for using the inhibitor to inhibit the activity of the β2/β2i site of a proteasome and treat a proteasome-mediated disease or condition are also described.
US08455430B2
This invention provides truncated Cry 35 proteins that surprisingly and unexpectedly have increased pesticidal activity as compared to full-length Cry 35 proteins. The subject invention also includes polynucleotides that encode these truncated proteins, transgenic plants comprising a truncated gene of the subject invention, and transgenic plants that produce these truncated proteins. This invention further provides methods of controlling plant pests, including rootworms, with these truncated proteins. The truncated Cry35 proteins of the subject invention are preferably used in combination with Cry34 proteins, which are known in the art. Various surprising advantages of the subject invention will be apparent in light of this disclosure.
US08455425B2
The present invention relates to [1] alkali agent-containing particles which are free from deterioration of dissolvability in water and excellent in anti-caking property and which include (a) particles containing an alkali agent and having an average particle size of from 150 to 1000 μm, and a layer of (b) clay mineral particles exhibiting a water impregnation capacity of 200% by mass or more and having an average particle size of from 1 to 200 μm, the layer being formed on a surface of the respective particles (a); and [2] a method for suppressing caking of the alkali agent-containing particles including the step of forming a layer of the clay mineral particles (b) on a surface of the respective particles (a).
US08455420B2
A spin-on formulation that is useful in stripping an ion implanted photoresist is provided that includes an aqueous solution of a water soluble polymer containing at least one acidic functional group, and at least one lanthanide metal-containing oxidant. The spin-on formulation is applied to an ion implanted photoresist and baked to form a modified photoresist. The modified photoresist is soluble in aqueous, acid or organic solvents. As such one of the aforementioned solvents can be used to completely strip the ion implanted photoresist as well as any photoresist residue that may be present. A rinse step can follow the stripping of the modified photoresist.
US08455403B2
Use of two different methods, either each by itself or in combination, to enhance the stiffness, strength, maximum possible use temperature, and environmental resistance of such particles is disclosed. One method is the application of post-polymerization process steps (and especially heat treatment) to advance the curing reaction and to thus obtain a more densely crosslinked polymer network. The other method is the incorporation of nanofillers, resulting in a heterogeneous “nanocomposite” morphology. Nanofiller incorporation and post-polymerization heat treatment can also be combined to obtain the benefits of both methods simultaneously. The present invention relates to the development of thermoset nanocomposite particles. Optional further improvement of the heat resistance and environmental resistance of said particles via post-polymerization heat treatment; processes for the manufacture of said particles; and use of said particles in the construction, drilling, completion and/or fracture stimulation of oil and natural gas wells are described.
US08455398B2
Amide compounds, preparation methods and uses thereof. The structure of the compounds is represented as the general formula (I), in which the definitions of substituents are illuminated as description. The present amide compounds have broad spectrum activity of killing pests and are effective on lepidopteran pests including ostrinia nubilalis, sugarcane borer, adoxophyes orana fischer von reslerstamm, apple fruit borer, grapholitha inopinata, lymantri dispar l., cnaphalocrocis medinalis, ostrinia furnacalis, helicoverpa assulta, grapholitha inopinata, plutella xylostella, spodoptera exigua, prodenia litura etc., especially for plutella xylostella, spodoptera exigua. The present amide compounds can obtain good effect at very low dosage. At the same time, some compounds have good fungicidal activity which can be used to prevent rice blast, phytophthora infestans, cucumber downy mildew or grey mold of vegetables.
US08455393B2
Disclosed is a preparation method for a granular carbon mesoporous structure. The preparation method includes the steps of preparing a powdered composite of silica-carbon precursor-pore forming agent by using a mixture including a silica precursor, a carbon precursor and a pore forming agent, preparing a molded precursor by mixing the composite with an organic additive, preparing a granular molded article by extruding or injection-molding the molded precursor, calcinating the molded article, and etching silica included in the calcinated molded article.
US08455373B2
The present invention provides ink-jet printing ink for organic semiconductors, and, more particularly, provides ink-jet printing ink for organic semiconductors, which can be used to form a uniform crystalline thin film. The ink-jet printing ink of the present invention includes a mixed solvent composed of a first solvent and a second solvent having a higher boiling point and lower surface tension than the first solvent, thus forming a uniform crystalline thin film in a volatilization process. Further, the present invention provides a circular organic thin film transistor having a high field-effect mobility of about 0.12 cm2V1S−1.
US08455367B2
In an independent GaN film manufactured by creating a GaN layer on a base heterosubstrate using vapor-phase deposition and then removing the base substrate, owing to layer-base discrepancy in thermal expansion coefficient and lattice constant, bow will be a large ±40 μm to ±100 μm. Since with that bow device fabrication by photolithography is challenging, reducing the bow to +30 μm to −20 μm is the goal. The surface deflected concavely is ground to impart to it a damaged layer that has a stretching effect, making the surface become convex. The damaged layer on the surface having become convex is removed by etching, which curtails the bow. Alternatively, the convex surface on the side opposite the surface having become convex is ground to generate a damaged layer. With the concave surface having become convex due to the damaged layer, suitably etching off the damaged layer curtails the bow.
US08455362B2
A chemical mechanical polishing method includes providing a device layer having a surface to be polished, polishing the surface using an alkaline grinding slurry, removing a residual layer that is been formed on the polished surface using an acid buffer, forming a passivation layer covering the polished surface of the device layer after the residual layer has been removed, and cleaning the passivation layer using deionized water. A semiconductor device thus fabricated has surfaces with excellent flatness, good manufacturing yield and long-term reliability.
US08455359B2
In a method of forming a conductive pattern structure of a semiconductor device, a first insulating interlayer is formed on a substrate. A first wiring is formed to pass through the first insulating interlayer. An etch stop layer and a second insulating interlayer are sequentially formed on the first insulating interlayer. A second wiring is formed to pass through the second insulating interlayer and the etch stop layer. A dummy pattern is formed to pass through the second insulating layer and the etch stop layer at the same time as forming the second wiring. The second wiring is electrically connected to the first wiring. The dummy pattern is electrically isolated from the second wiring.
US08455352B1
Native oxides and associated residue are removed from surfaces of a substrate by sequentially performing two plasma cleaning processes on the substrate in a single processing chamber. The first plasma cleaning process removes native oxide formed on a substrate surface by generating a cleaning plasma from a mixture of ammonia (NH3) and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) gases, condensing products of the cleaning plasma on the native oxide to form a thin film that contains ammonium hexafluorosilicate ((NH4)2SiF6), and subliming the thin film off of the substrate surface. The second plasma cleaning process removes remaining residues of the thin film by generating a second cleaning plasma from nitrogen trifluoride gas. Products of the second cleaning plasma react with a few angstroms of the bare silicon present on the surface, forming silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) and lifting off residues of the thin film.
US08455351B2
An integrated circuit (IC) interconnect structure that includes a first via positioned in a dielectric and coupled to a high current device at one end, and a buffer metal segment positioned in a dielectric and coupled to the first via at an opposite end thereof. The buffer metal segment includes a plurality of electrically insulating inter-dielectric (ILD) pads forming an ILD cheesing pattern thereon, to direct current. The IC interconnect structure further includes a second via positioned in a dielectric formed over the buffer metal segment and coupled to the buffer metal segment at one end and a metal power line formed in a dielectric and coupled to the second via at an opposite end thereof. The use of the ILD pads on the buffer metal segment enables a more even distribution of current along the metal power line.
US08455350B2
A method for manufacturing an integrated circuit system that includes: forming a substrate with an active region; depositing a material over the substrate to act as an etch stop and define a source and a drain; depositing a first dielectric over the substrate; processing the first dielectric to form features within the first dielectric including a shield; and depositing fill within the features to electrically connect the shield to the source of the active region by a single process step.
US08455346B2
According to one embodiment, a method is disclosed for manufacturing a nonvolatile memory device. The nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell connected to a first interconnect and a second interconnect. The method can include forming a first electrode film on the first interconnect. The method can include forming a layer including a plurality of carbon nanotubes dispersed inside an insulator on the first electrode film. At least one carbon nanotube of the plurality of carbon nanotubes is exposed from a surface of the insulator. The method can include forming a second electrode film on the layer. In addition, the method can include forming a second interconnect on the second electrode film.
US08455341B2
Methods of forming features such as word lines of memory circuitry are disclosed. One such method includes forming an initial pitch multiplied feature pattern extending from a target area into only one of a first or second periphery area received on opposing sides of the target area. Thereafter, a subsequent feature pattern is formed which extends from the target array area into the other of the first or second periphery area. The initial and subsequent feature patterns may be used in forming features in an underlying material which extend from the target area to the first and second periphery areas. Other embodiments are disclosed.
US08455336B2
A method for making an epitaxial structure is provided. The method includes the following steps. A substrate is provided. The substrate has an epitaxial growth surface for growing epitaxial layer. A carbon nanotube layer is placed on the epitaxial growth surface. A plurality of epitaxial crystal grains spaced from each other is epitaxially grown on the epitaxial growth surface. Also, the carbon nanotube layer can be further removed.
US08455334B2
A method for forming an integrated circuit, the method includes forming a first nanowire suspended above an insulator substrate, the first nanowire attached to a first silicon on insulator (SOI) pad region and a second SOI pad region that are disposed on the insulator substrate, a second nanowire disposed on the insulator substrate attached to a third SOI pad region and a fourth SOI pad region that are disposed on the insulator substrate, and a SOI slab region that is disposed on the insulator substrate, and forming a first gate surrounding a portion of the first nanowire, a second gate on a portion of the second nanowire, and a third gate on a portion of the SOI slab region.
US08455330B2
Devices having gate-to-gate isolation structures and methods of manufacture are provided. The method includes forming a plurality of isolation structures in pad films and an underlying substrate. The method further includes forming a plurality of fins including the isolation structures and a second plurality of fins including the two pad films and a portion of the underlying substrate, each of which are separated by a trench. The method further includes removing portions of the second plurality of fins resulting in a height lower than a height of the plurality of fins including the isolation structures. The method further includes forming gate electrodes within each trench, burying the second plurality of fins and abutting sides of the plurality of fins including the isolation structures. The plurality of fins including the isolation structures electrically and physically isolate adjacent gate electrode of the gate electrodes.
US08455327B2
A trench capacitor and method of fabrication are disclosed. The SOI region is doped such that a selective isotropic etch used for trench widening does not cause appreciable pullback of the SOI region, and no spacers are needed in the upper portion of the trench.
US08455325B2
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device which includes forming a gate insulating film and a gate electrode over a semiconductor substrate, forming a first recess in the first semiconductor substrate on both sides of the gate electrode by dry etching, forming a second recess by removing a bottom and sidewalls of the first recess by wet etching, and forming a semiconductor layer in the second recess.
US08455322B2
Disclosed is an improved semiconductor structure (e.g., a silicon germanium (SiGe) hetero-junction bipolar transistor) having a narrow essentially interstitial-free SIC pedestal with minimal overlap of the extrinsic base. Also, disclosed is a method of forming the transistor which uses laser annealing, as opposed to rapid thermal annealing, of the SIC pedestal to produce both a narrow SIC pedestal and an essentially interstitial-free collector. Thus, the resulting SiGe HBT transistor can be produced with narrower base and collector space-charge regions than can be achieved with conventional technology.
US08455317B2
A semiconductor device includes an epitaxial pattern that fills a depression region formed at a semiconductor substrate of one side of a gate pattern. The gate pattern is disposed on a body located at one side of the depression region. The sidewall of the depression region adjacent to the body includes inner surfaces of tapered recesses that taper toward the body, or has an inner surface of a taper recess and a vertical lower sidewall.
US08455312B2
Fabrication methods for T-gate and inverted L-gate structure for high frequency devices and circuits
In high frequency circuits, the switching speed of devices is often limited by the series resistance and capacitance across the input terminals. To reduce the resistance and capacitance, the cross-section of input electrodes is made into a T-shape or inverted L-shape through lithography. The prior art method for the formation of cavities for T-gate or inverted L-gate is achieved through several steps using multiple photomasks. Often, two or even three different photoresists with different sensitivity are required. In one embodiment of the present invention, an optical lithography method for the formation of T-gate or inverted L-gate structures using only one photomask is disclosed. In another embodiment, the structure for the T-gate or inverted L-gate is formed using the same type of photoresist material.
US08455310B2
Embodiments of the disclosure provide methods of fabricating a thin film transistor device with good profile control of peripheral sidewall of an active layer formed in the thin film transistor devices. In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin film transistor device includes providing a substrate having a source-drain metal electrode layer disposed on an active layer formed thereon, wherein the active layer is a metal oxide layer, performing a back-channel-etching process to form a channel in the source-drain metal electrode layer, and performing an active layer patterning process after the back-channel-etching process.
US08455303B2
This invention discloses a semiconductor package with adhesive material pre-printed on the lead frame and chip, and the manufacturing method. The adhesive material is applied onto the chip carrier and the pin of the lead frame and also on the front electrode of the semiconductor chip via pre-printing. The back of the semiconductor chip is adhered on the chip carrier, and the front electrode of the semiconductor chip and the pin are connected respectively with a metal connector. The size, shape and thickness of the adhesive material are applied according to different application requirements according to size and shapes of the contact zone of the semiconductor chip and the metal connector. Particularly, the adhesive zones are formed by pre-printing the adhesive material thus significantly enhance the quality and performance of semiconductor products, and improves the productivity.
US08455297B1
Techniques for fabricating carbon nanotube-based devices are provided. In one aspect, a method for fabricating a carbon nanotube-based integrated circuit is provided. The method comprises the following steps. A first wafer comprising carbon nanotubes is provided. A second wafer comprising one or more device elements is provided. One or more of the carbon nanotubes are connected with one or more of the device elements by bonding the first wafer and the second wafer together. A carbon nanotube-based integrated circuit is also provided.
US08455292B2
A method for forming a photodetector device includes forming waveguide feature on a substrate, and forming a photodetector feature including a germanium (Ge) film, the Ge film deposited on the waveguide feature using a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process, the PECVD process having a deposition temperature from about 500° C. to about 550° C., and a deposition pressure from about 666.612 Pa to about 1066.579 Pa.
US08455289B1
A capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT), which has a conductive structure that can vibrate over a cavity, utilizes a thick oxide layer to substantially increase the volume of the cavity which, in turn, allows the CMUT to receive and transmit low frequency ultrasonic waves. In addition, the CMUT can include a back side bond pad structure that eliminates the need for and cost of one patterned photoresist layer.
US08455282B2
A semiconductor light emitting diode (LED) and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor light emitting diode (LED) includes: forming a light emission structure including a first conductive semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductive semiconductor layer on a substrate with prominences and depressions; removing the substrate from the light emission structure to expose a first concavoconvex portion corresponding to the prominences and depressions; forming a protection layer on the first concavoconvex portion; removing a portion of the protection layer to expose a convex portion of the first concavoconvex portion; and forming a second concavoconvex portion on the convex portion of the first concavoconvex portion. The semiconductor light emitting diode (LED) includes: a light emission structure including a first conductive type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductive type semiconductor layer; a first concavoconvex portion formed on the light emission structure and having a second concavoconvex portion at a convex portion thereof; and a protection layer filling up a concave portion of the first concavoconvex portion.
US08455279B2
Methods for manufacturing a polarization pinned vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). Steps include growing a lower mirror on a substrate; growing an active region on the lower mirror; growing an upper mirror on the active region; depositing a grating layer on the upper mirror; and etching a grating into the grating layer.
US08455275B2
A light emitting diode package includes a substrate with a first metal layer, a second metal layer and an insulating layer between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. A cavity is defined in the insulating layer and the second metal layer. The second metal layer surrounding the cavity is divided into a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion. An LED chip is positioned inside the cavity and on an upper surface of the first metal layer. The LED chip has two electrodes electrically connected to the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion respectively. The cavity is filled with an encapsulation to cover the LED chip. A method for manufacturing the LED package is also disclosed.
US08455274B2
A method for manufacturing light emitting diodes includes steps: providing a substrate having an upper conductive layer and a lower conductive layer formed on a top face and bottom face thereof; dividing each of the upper conductive layer and the lower conductive layer into first areas and second areas; defining cavities in the substrate through the first areas of the upper conductive layer to expose the lower conductive layer; forming conductive posts within the substrate; forming an overlaying layer to connect the first areas of the upper and lower conductive layers; mounting chips on the overlaying layer within the cavities and electrically connecting each chip with an adjacent first area and post; forming an encapsulant on the substrate to cover the chips; and cutting the substrate into individual packages.
US08455260B2
A method for determining a sequence of a biomolecule, the method including binding a plurality of uniform probes to a biomolecule fragment, creating a collection of binding signatures for the fragment with each binding signature representing a series of distances between binding sites within the fragment, and grouping the binding signatures into a plurality of signature clusters based at least in part on distances between the binding sites in each binding signature. For each binding signature in a first cluster, a potential successor binding signature is selected from signature clusters other than the first signature cluster, and one of the potential successor binding signatures is identified as a successor binding signature. The last two steps are repeated until the successor signature represents a terminal signature, resulting in a sequence of signatures representing at least a portion of the biomolecule.
US08455258B2
The present invention provides microfluidic devices and methods for using the same. In particular, microfluidic devices of the present invention are useful in conducting a variety of assays and high throughput screening. Microfluidic devices of the present invention include elastomeric components and comprise a main flow channel; a plurality of branch flow channels; a plurality of control channels; and a plurality of valves. Preferably, each of the valves comprises one of the control channels and an elastomeric segment that is deflectable into or retractable from the main or branch flow channel upon which the valve operates in response to an actuation force applied to the control channel.
US08455253B2
Disclosed is a method for the production and use of CD124+ and CD116+ cell lines in the production of effective dendritic cells (DC) with the aid of stimulatory molecules.
US08455249B2
It is an object of the present invention to provide an anti-cadherin antibody having high antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. The present invention provides an anti-cadherin antibody, which recognizes any one of an upstream region of EC1, a cadherin domain 4 (EC4) and a cadherin domain 5 (EC5), wherein an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity at an antibody concentration of 1 μg/mL is 30% or more.
US08455246B2
The present invention provides a cell culture medium formulation that supports the in vitro cultivation, particularly in suspension, of mammalian cells, particularly epithelial cells and fibroblast cells, and methods for cultivating mammalian cells in suspension in vitro using these media. The media comprise a basal medium and a polyanionic or polyanionic compound, preferably a polysulfonated or polysulfated compound, and more preferably dextran sulfate. The present invention also provides chemically defined, protein-free eukaryotic cell culture media comprising an iron chelate and zinc, which is capable of supporting the growth (and particularly the high-density growth of mammalian cells) in suspension culture, increasing the level of expression of recombinant protein in cultured cells, and/or increasing virus production in cultured cells.
US08455231B2
The invention provides an in vitro method for producing proteins, membrane proteins, membrane-associated proteins, and soluble proteins that interact with membrane-associated proteins for assembly into an oligomeric complex or that require association with a membrane for proper folding. The method comprises, supplying intracytoplasmic membranes from organisms; modifying protein composition of intracytoplasmic membranes from organism by modifying DNA to delete genes encoding functions of the organism not associated with the formation of the intracytoplasmic membranes; generating appropriate DNA or RNA templates that encode the target protein; and mixing the intracytoplasmic membranes with the template and a transcription/translation-competent cellular extract to cause simultaneous production of the membrane proteins and encapsulation of the membrane proteins within the intracytoplasmic membranes.
US08455217B2
The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention and to methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention.
US08455216B2
The present invention provides compositions and methods for reducing H2S levels in fermented beverages.
US08455203B2
The present specification discloses SNAP-25 immune response inducing compositions, methods of making α-SNAP-25 antibodies that selectively binds to an epitope comprising a SNAP-25 having a carboxyl-terminus at the P1 residue of the BoNT/A cleavage site scissile bond, α-SNAP-25 antibodies that selectively bind to an epitope comprising a SNAP-25 having a carboxyl-terminus at the P1 residue of the BoNT/A cleavage site scissile bond, methods of detecting retargeted endopeptidase activity, and methods of detecting neutralizing α-re-targeted endopeptidase antibodies.
US08455201B2
The present invention provides a method for diagnosing a mycobacterial infection in a subject, involving the following steps: (i) collection of a sample from the subject; (ii) incubation of the sample from (i) with an antigen preparation for 12 hours or less; and (iii) analysis of γ-IFN in the sample from (ii). The invention also provides a diagnostic kit for use in such a method.
US08455196B2
The preset invention relates to a biomarker for identifying the subgroup of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is T-lymphokine-activated killer cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK), and a therapeutic target for lung cancer.
US08455193B2
Compositions and methods for nucleic acid sequencing include template constructs that comprise double stranded portions in a partially or completely contiguous constructs, to provide for redundant sequence determination through one or both of sequencing sense and antisense strands, and iteratively sequencing the entire construct multiple times. Additional sequence components are also optionally included within such template constructs. Methods are also provided for the use and preparation of these constructs as well as sequencing compositions for their application.
US08455182B2
A composition for forming an anti-reflection film for use in forming an anti-reflection film on a resist film is provided, the composition for forming an anti-reflection film being easily handled, and capable of forming an anti-reflection film having superior optical characteristics similarly to anti-reflection films formed using PFOS. A composition for forming an anti-reflection film to be provided on a resist film which includes a certain fluorine compound. This composition for forming an anti-reflection film can form an anti-reflection film having superior optical characteristics since the certain fluorine compound contributes to improvement of the optical characteristics of the anti-reflection film.
US08455176B2
Developable bottom antireflective coating compositions are provided.
US08455168B2
An electrophotographic developer is provided which includes: a toner that includes toner base particles and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner base particles and has an amount of Al on the surface of the toner base particles of from about 0.002 to about 0.02 atm %; and a carrier that includes magnetic particles and a coating resin layer that coats the magnetic particles, the coating resin layer including particles with a volume-average particle diameter of from about 80 to about 800 nm, such as organic particles or inorganic particles having an organic layer on a surface of the inorganic particles, the carrier satisfying any one of the following formulas, where SP1, SP2 and SP3 represent a solubility parameter of resin of the coating resin layer, the organic particles, and the organic layer respectively: about 10>|SP1−SP2|>about 4 (1); and about 10>|SP1−SP3|>about 4 (2).
US08455165B2
This invention provides metal oxide particles surface-treated with a cyclic silazane and a hydrophobicity-imparting agent, methods of making such, and toner compositions comprising the same.
US08455164B2
The present invention provides a developer for electrophotography which is superior in property of build up of electrification and in charge stability even in environments of high temperature and high humidity or in an environment of low temperature and low humidity where it is difficult for a developer to retain its electrostatic charge performance, and which can provide an image free from fogging and decrease in density for a long term, that is, a developer for electrophotography containing composite oxide particles which include metal titanate particles containing titanium as a first metal atom and a second metal atom and containing therein 0.009 to 0.350% by weight of a third metal atom selected from the group consisting of the metal atoms belonging to Group 5A of the long form of the periodic table of elements.
US08455158B2
In a simulation step, based on information of a main surface shape of a transparent substrate and shape information of a mask stage of an exposure apparatus and using a deflection differential equation taking into account a twist deformation, height information at a plurality of measurement points is obtained by simulating a state where the transparent substrate is set in the exposure apparatus. Based on the height information obtained through the simulation, a flatness of the transparent substrate when it is set in the exposure apparatus is calculated in a flatness calculation step. Then, by judging in a selection step whether or not the calculated flatness satisfies a specification, the transparent substrate whose flatness satisfies the specification is used as a substrate for a mask blank.
US08455152B2
An integrated PEM fuel cell includes bipolar plate assemblies that utilize fiber groups that extend from the surfaces of gas impermeable plates to terminate in uncoated tips facing adjacent tips to form anodes and cathodes of an MEA assembly. The catalyst support and catalyst can be applied to the tips as beads or thin layers and joined with a membrane. The assembly can use a unified seal and include collector plates at the ends of the stacks, using similar fiber construction.
US08455151B2
A fuel cell 100 is characterized by including an electrolyte 30, and an electrolyte-strengthening member 10 that has a penetration portion 11 and strengthens the electrolyte. The electrolyte 30 has a high-electrical-current-density region of which electrical current density is higher than an average electrical current density of the electrolyte 30 and has a low-electrical-current-density region of which electrical current density is lower than the average electrical current density, at a face thereof on an opposite side of the electrolyte-strengthening substrate 100. An area where the penetration portion 11 faces with the high-electrical-current-density region is larger than that where the penetration portion 11 faces with the low-electrical-current-density region.
US08455150B2
A fuel cell stack includes a plurality of adjacently stacked fuel cell modules each of which includes a plurality of adjacently aligned fuel cells that are connected in electrical series. The current flow between adjacent fuel cells is achieved across diffusion media of said adjacent fuel cells. First and second reactant channels are formed in the reactant carrier plates for separately delivering two different reactants along each reactant carrier plate.
US08455147B2
A limit switch for detecting opening/closing of a hood is connected to a controller. A power supply relay is also connected to the controller. A switching contact of the relay is located on power supply line for supplying power supply from a fuel cell. When the hood is closed, the limit switch is on and the controller maintains the switching contact in a closed state so that power supply from the fuel cell to various power-consuming components is allowed. On the other hand, when the hood is opened, the limit switch is turned off. In response to this, the controller opens the switching contact so that the power supply from the fuel cell to the various power-consuming components is shut off.
US08455145B2
The invention essentially consists in the use of melanins, melanin precursors or melanin derivatives, melanin variants, melanin analogues, natural or synthetic, pure or mixed with organic or inorganic compounds, metals, ions, drugs; as water electrolyzing material, using as sole or main source of energy, natural or synthetic light, coherent or not; in the systems of hydrogen production from water, known as photoelectrochemical systems. These systems integrate as semiconductor material and a water electrolyzer inside a monolithic design, to produce hydrogen directly from water, using light (between 200 to 900 nm) as the main or sole source of energy. At least to basic criteria had to be met: one was that the system or light absorbing compound should generate enough energy to start, lead and complete the photoelectrolysis reaction, being economical, stable and lasting in a water system, requirements met by melanins, representing thus an important and critical advance to solve the central problem of photoelectrochemical designs. The procedure can be applied to generate hydrogen, oxygen and high energy electrons, or the opposite sense, i.e., synthesizing water from the union of hydrogen and oxygen, generating electricity; it can be coupled to other processes, generating a multiplication effect; it can also be used for reduction of carbon dioxide, nitrates and sulphates or others.
US08455141B2
The present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte that provides high proton conductivity and low fuel crossover at the same time, as well as a member using the same. The embodiments of the invention can achieve high output and high energy density in the form of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. A polymer electrolyte comprising a proton conductive polymer (A) and a polymer (B) which is different from (A) wherein a ratio of the amount of unfreezable water, represented by formula (S1), in said polymer electrolyte is no less than 40 wt % and no greater than 100 wt % is disclosed. The ratio of amount of unfreezable water (S1)=(amount of unfreezable water)/(amount of low melting point water+amount of unfreezable water)×100 (%).
US08455136B2
An electrochemical device capable of being mounted by soldering includes a film package made of a film; an electrodes part encapsulated together with an electrolyte in said film package; a pair of terminals, one end of each terminal being connected to said electrodes part and another end of each terminal being exposed to an exterior of said film package; and an armor in contact with a substantially entire surface of said film package and in contact with partial surfaces of the exposed ends of said pair of terminals, respectively, to encapsulate said film package, said armor exposing remaining portions of said pair of terminals to an exterior of the armor.
US08455120B2
The present invention relates to a secondary battery. The present invention is aimed to provide a secondary battery having a thin upper case formed of a metal. The secondary battery includes a bare cell; a protection circuit module having a circuit board; an upper case formed of a metal and having a cover plate for covering the circuit board of the protection circuit module; and a case-insulating layer formed on an external surface of the cover plate of the upper case.
US08455119B1
A magnetic disk includes a substrate, a soft magnetic underlayer disposed over the substrate, and a media layer disposed over the underlayer. The underlayer includes a plurality of magnetic layers each containing FeCoN having an atomic concentration of iron that is greater than an atomic concentration of cobalt, and has an atomic concentration of nitrogen that is less than the atomic concentration of cobalt. The atomic concentration of nitrogen is less than eight percent. The underlayer includes a plurality of nonmagnetic layers that are interleaved with the magnetic layers. Each of the nonmagnetic layers has a thickness that is less than one-tenth that of an adjoining layer of the magnetic layers. The media layer contains a magnetically hard material having an easy axis of magnetization oriented substantially perpendicular to both the media layer and the underlayer.
US08455116B2
The present invention relates to PVD coated cemented carbide cutting tool inserts semifinishing and finishing metal cutting operations. The cemented carbide cutting tool insert comprises a substrate and a wear resistant coating. The substrate comprises in addition to WC, from about 5.5 to about 8.5 wt-% Co and Cr such that the Cr/Co weight ratio is from about 0.08 to about 0.12 and also small amounts of Ti and Ta. The wear resistant coating is a homogeneous AlxTi1−xN-layer with x equals from about 0.6 to about 0.67. The thickness of this layer is from about 1 to about 3.8 μm.
US08455110B2
A brazing sheet material for CAB brazing without applying flux. The brazing sheet material including an aluminum core alloy layer provided with a first brazing clad layer material on one or both sides of the aluminum core layer and at least one second brazing clad layer material positioned between the aluminum core alloy layer and the first braze clad layer material. The second brazing clad layer material is an Al—Si alloy brazing material having 5% to 20% Si and 0.01% to 3% Mg, and the first brazing clad layer material is an Al—Si alloy brazing material having 2% to 14% Si and less than 0.4% Mg. Also disclosed is a brazed assembly manufactured in a brazing operation.
US08455104B2
The present invention concerns items that contain or consist of a plasma polymer product, consisting of carbon, silicon, oxygen and hydrogen, wherein the ESCA spectrum of the plasma polymer product, with calibration to the aliphatic portion of the C 1s peak at 285.00 eV, in comparison with a trimethylsiloxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with a kinematic viscosity of 350 mm2/s at 25° C. and a density of 0.97 g/ml at 25° C.,the Si 2p peak has a bond energy that is shifted by 0.44 eV, at most, to higher or lower bond energies, and the O 1s peak has a bond energy that is shifted by 0.50 eV, at most, to higher or lower bond energies.
US08455099B2
There is provided a polymeric film comprising one or more thermoplastic polyurethane and one or more acrylic polymer comprising, as polymerized units, one or more hydrogen-bondable monomer.
US08455098B2
A process of forming a population of microcapsules is described comprising a solid hydrophilic core material and a wall material at least partially surrounding the core material. The microcapsule population is formed by providing an anionic, or optionally a cationic, solid hydrophilic core material; providing an oil continuous phase which is low boiling and preferably nonflammable, the oil continuous phase comprising one or more esters with chain length up to about 18 carbons. A mixture is formed by dispersing the solid hydrophilic material in the oil continuous phase. Either an oil soluble or dispersible amine acrylate or methacrylate, along with acid, or alternatively acid acrylate or methacrylate along with base is added. A multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or oligomer is provided and an initiator. Optionally a surfactant is also added to form the mixture. Emulsification is achieved by subjecting the mixture to high shear agitation and heating the mixture for a time sufficient to enable the acid or amine acrylate or methacrylate and the multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate to form a prepolymer which migrates to the anionic or cationic solid hydrophilic material, thereby forming prepolymers adhered to the hydrophilic core materials. Temperature is held or heating continued for a time sufficient to enable the prepolymer to flow onto and coalesce into a continuous film surface coating on the hydrophilic core material. Heating is carried out or light exposure or both for a time and temperature sufficient to cross link the prepolymers.
US08455095B2
An article includes a substrate; and a color layer deposited on the substrate, wherein the color layer has an L* value between about 28 to about 32, an a* value between about −1 to about 1, and a b* value between about −1 to about 1 in the CIE L*a*b* color space.
US08455087B2
The teachings as provided herein relate to a watermark embedded in an image that has the property of being relatively indecipherable under normal light, and yet decipherable under infrared illumination when viewed by a suitable infrared sensitive device. This infrared mark entails in combination with at least one distraction pattern, a substrate reflective to infrared radiation, and a first colorant mixture and second colorant mixture printed as an image upon the substrate. The first colorant mixture layer in connection with the substrate has a property of strongly reflecting infrared illumination, as well as a property of low contrast under normal illumination against a second colorant mixture as printed in close spatial proximity to the first colorant mixture pattern, such that the resultant image rendered substrate suitably exposed to an infrared illumination, will yield a discernable image evident as a infrared mark to a suitable infrared sensitive device.
US08455086B2
A transparent laminate film which has visible light transmittance, sunlight blocking properties, radio wave transmittance and good appearance is provided. A transparent laminate film includes a laminate structure formed on at least one side of a transparent polymer film, in which a metal oxide layer and a metal layer are laminated, the metal oxide layer containing an organic component, wherein grooves having a width of 30 μm or less are formed in the laminate structure, and an overall surface resistance is 150 Ω/□ or more. Preferably, the grooves are numerous cracks, or are formed by laser processing. Further, preferably, the transparent polymer film has an easy adhesion layer formed on at least one side thereof, and the laminate structure is formed on top of the easy adhesion layer. Furthermore, preferably, the metal oxide layer containing the organic component is formed by a sol-gel method using optical energy during sol-gel curing.
US08455075B2
A decorative stainless steel rolled sheet has an embossed pattern, suitable for use as a surface finish or an interior surface finish of products, wherein a thin stainless steel sheet subjected to surface treatment including nanoceramic coating or PVD ionic coating resulting in various colors and a release sheet alone or with a nonwoven fabric layer bonded thereto by means of a hot melt adhesive layer are embossed together and bonded to each other with the embossed pattern, thus exhibiting superior bonding strength, heat resistance, fire resistance, scratch resistance, shape stability, flexibility and wrinkling resistance. In the method of manufacturing such a decorative stainless steel rolled sheet, the rolled sheet can be mass produced at uniform quality using a continuous process.
US08455070B2
A carriage case, in which electronical parts are received for transportation, is provided as being capable of securely holding such parts therein and preventing them from being damaged and hampering dust from attaching on them with the removal of electrostatic charge and reducing gas detrimental to such parts to the minimum. The carriage case comprises: a case body having a base member and a cover member; and a sheet member that is made from an adhesive material of curable composition essentially consisting of component (A): a polyoxyalkylene based polymer having more than one alkenyl groups in one molecule, component (B): a compound having at least two hydrosilyl groups in one molecule and component (C): a hydrosilylation catalyst. The sheet member is applied on an inner bottom side surface of the base member and on the sheet member. The parts are attached so as to be securely positioned in the case.
US08455069B2
A novel dense PTFE article in the form of a surface for a food preparation device is described in one embodiment, the surface being fabricated from a sheet of PTFE with a thermal resistance of 1.3° C. in2/W or less and having desirable tensile strength.
US08455067B2
The invention relates to a compensation element for joining components made of fusible plastics, designed as a hollow cylinder, at least some sections of which are conical and having at least one heating element which when supplied with energy heats at least some regions of the inner surface or the outer surface of the compensation element or of both surfaces to produce a welded connection between the components. Said compensation element is characterized in that cuts are provided, starting from each outer edge of the hollow body, at least one section of the cuts extending up to or beyond a plane of the compensation element that guarantees flexibility. The invention also relates to methods in which a sleeve consisting of an outer sheath and at least one compensation element is used.
US08455066B2
An insulating unit having a neutral grey color and a solar heat gain coefficient less than 0.40 includes a clear glass sheet spaced from a coated glass sheet. The coated glass sheet includes a colored glass substrate having a solar infrared reflective coating. The composition of the coated substrate includes a base glass portion and a glass colorant portion, the glass colorant portion including total iron in the range of 0.04 to less than 0.28 weight percent; CoO in the range of 32 to 90 parts per million, and Se in the range of greater than 0 to less than 5.5 parts per million. In one non-limiting embodiment of the invention the glass substrate at a thickness of 0.223 inches has a* chromaticity coordinates of −3.5 to +2.5 and b* chromaticity coordinates of −1 to −15, and a visible light transmittance of 40 to 80%.
US08455060B2
A method for depositing a hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (H-DLC) film on a surface of a substrate. The method includes maintaining a reduced-pressure environment around a substrate holder for holding a substrate, holding the substrate securely within the reduced-pressure environment, and forming a gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) from a pressurized gas containing hydrocarbon gas and a carrier gas. The method further includes accelerating the GCIB to the reduced-pressure environment, irradiating the accelerated GCIB onto at least a portion of the surface of the substrate, and forming an H-DLC film on the surface.
US08455047B2
A hybrid carbon nanotube and clay nanofiller is produced by a freeze-drying process performed on clay platelets, and carbon nanotubes grown on the clay platelets using a chemical vapor deposition process.
US08455035B2
The invention relates to a plant seed oil, comprising arachidonic acid comprising approximately 7 to approximately 26 percent by weight of the total fatty acid content, the ratio of the percentages by weight of arachidonic acid to gamma-linolenic acid being approximately 1:1 to approximately 5:1 and the ratio of the percentages by weight of arachidonic acid to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid being approximately 1:1 to approximately 5:1. The invention additionally relates to processes for the production of this plant seed oil and formulations and uses of the plant seed oil. In particular, the invention also makes available foodstuffs and baby food that contain the plant seed oil mentioned.
US08455019B2
The present invention relates to a food or beverage composition comprising unroasted coffee solids and arabinogalactans, for example a ready-to-drink beverage.
US08455017B2
An active substance of medication or health product for hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia comprises djulis, and which can effectively inhibit the absorption of cholesterol, advance the metabolism of cholesterol, promote the anti-oxidation and decrease the accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in vessel walls of organisms.
US08455007B2
A method to treat propolis includes conducting at least a first extraction of raw propolis with an aqueous solvent to obtain an aqueous extract having first properties. A second extraction may be performed with an alcohol solvent on the filtration residues obtained after the first extraction. A third extraction may be performed with an oil solvent on the filtration residues obtained after the second extraction. The method applies to the production of extracts of propolis for use in the manufacture of hygiene, care, cosmetic products, food products and food supplements.
US08455005B2
Products as well as methods for reducing plaque in a domestic animal are provided. The product comprises retorted milk.
US08455000B2
We describe the medical, dental, and surgical uses of modified poly(alkylene) materials which are fully resorbable after implantation into the body, and compositions formulated with such modified poly(alkylene) materials.
US08454998B2
The current invention provides a controlled release oral solid formulation of levodopa comprising levodopa, a decarboxylase inhibitor, and a carboxylic acid. Also provided by this invention is multiparticulate, controlled release oral solid formulations of levodopa comprising: i) a controlled release component comprising a mixture of levodopa, a decarboxylase inhibitor and a rate controlling excipient; ii) a carboxylic acid component; and iii) an immediate release component comprising a mixture of levodopa and a decarboxylase inhibitor.
US08454995B2
To provide a peroral tablet for bowel cleansing which leaves no remains in the intestinal tract after bowel cleansing, which exhibits a dissolution property equivalent to that of conventional sodium phosphate-containing tablets including crystalline cellulose, and which is a small-size agent readily taken by a subject.The peroral tablet for bowel cleansing containing the following ingredients (A) and (B): (A) 80 to 95 mass % of sodium phosphate, and (B) (B1) 7 to 11 mass % of hydroxypropyl cellulose which has such a particle size that ≧99% of the particles thereof pass through a mesh having an opening of 350 μm and whose 2-mass % aqueous solution has a viscosity of 2.0 to 10.0 mPa.s, (B2) 5 to 13 mass % of hydroxypropyl cellulose which has such a particle size that ≧99% of the particles thereof pass through a mesh having an opening of 150 μm and whose 2-mass % aqueous solution has a viscosity of 3.0 to 5.9 mPa.s, or (B3) 7 to 11 mass % of hydroxypropyl cellulose which has such a particle size that ≧99% of the particles thereof pass through a mesh having an opening of 150 μm and whose 2-mass % aqueous solution has a viscosity of 6.0 to 4,000 mPa.s, and having a water-insoluble ingredient content of 5 mass % or less.
US08454994B2
The present invention relates to, inter alia, pharmaceutical compositions comprising a polyunsaturated fatty acid and to methods of using the same to treat or prevent cardiovascular-related diseases.
US08454987B2
The present invention provides a flexible, biocompatible transparent sheet (8) which has high biocompatibility and a high ability to adsorb a biologically relevant substance, which can be used as a novel biomaterial, and which can be used to observe the propagation, differentiation, and/or the like of living cells in real time. The biocompatible transparent sheet (8) is produced in such a manner that a biocompatible ceramic film (2) is formed on a substrate (1) soluble in a solvent (11) incapable of dissolving biocompatible ceramics by using exemplary a laser ablation process, the substrate (1) depositing the film (2) is dipped in the solvent (11) and dissolved off, and the isolated film (2) is then dried. The biocompatible transparent sheet (8) is utilizable of producing a flexible cultured cell sheet which can be directly transplanted to an affected area. The cell sheet can be prepared in such a manner that cells are seeded on the biocompatible transparent sheet (8) and then propagated.
US08454985B2
A termite bait includes a plurality of cellulosic food material pieces palatable to termites embedded within a water resistant polyurethane foam matrix. Another termite bait includes a plurality of cellulosic food material pieces embedded within a water-absorbent polyurethane foam matrix. Yet another termite bait includes at least one cellulosic food material piece encapsulated within a water resistant polyurethane foam coating. Such termite baits can be used alone or in a monitoring device or other termite control device. Another termite control device includes a container, a cellulosic food material within the container and a water resistant polyurethane foam positioned to separate the food material from its environment. The container can contain a termite bait as described above or can include a chamber containing a cellulosic food material and at least one pocket containing a polyurethane foam barrier to reduce intrusion of water through the pocket to the food material.
US08454984B2
Methods for making antimicrobial resins and for forming coatings comprising antimicrobial resins on substrate surfaces are disclosed. The methods involve providing a mixture comprising about 15 weight % to about 80 weight % of a hydrophilic acrylic oligomer, about 10 weight % to about 80 weight % of a multifunctional acrylic monomer, about 5 weight % to about 40 weight % of an adhesion-promoting acrylic or vinyl monomer, and about 0.1 weight % to about 15 weight % of a metal salt; and exposing the mixture to a radiation source to cure at least a portion of the mixture, thereby forming an antimicrobial resin.
US08454983B2
A method for controlling Dipteran larvae or a method for inhibiting the development of larvicidal resistance, controlling resistant populations and reducing resistance levels in Diptera by introducing a larvicidally-effective amount of a combination of a strain of Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis and a strain of Bacillus sphaericus into an environment containing Dipteran larvae; and a composition of the combination are disclosed. Preferably both strains are non-genetically modified.
US08454977B2
The present invention relates to a composition, device and method for preventing or inhibiting biofilm formation on biotic or abiotic surfaces. The composition comprises a peptide based on the C-terminal receptor binding domain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa type IV pilin, which binds to an abiotic surface (e.g., steel, plastic) with high affinity and prevents binding of a variety of P. aeruginosa strains to the surface. The inventive composition represents a non-toxic inhibitor for biofilm formation, particularly on an abiotic surface, which is responsible for a large number of problematic diseases and massive economic losses. The inventive method is useful as a safe and environmentally friendly means of modifying a surface of a variety of biomedical, nanotechnological, and biotechnological devices or articles.
US08454975B1
A method for treating skin by administration of a neurotoxin such as a botulinum toxin by means of a dry needle. The method can be used to accomplish what has generally been described as skin rejuvenation and also to treat skin disorders such as skin lines, crepiness, excess skin, wrinkles, platysmal bands, uneven skin tone and color, and hyperhidrosis.
US08454974B2
The present inventors developed three 4a/2a intergenotypic recombinants in which the JFH1 structural genes (Core, E1 and E2), p7 and all of or part of NS2 were replaced by the corresponding genes of the genotype 4a reference strain ED43. The 4a/2a junction in NS2 was placed after the first transmembrane domain (α), in the cytoplasmic part (β) or at the NS2/NS3 cleavage site (y). Following transfection of Huh7.5 cells with RNA transcripts, infectious viruses were produced in the ED43/JFH1-β and -y cultures only. Compared to the 2a control virus, production of infectious viruses was significantly delayed. However, in subsequent passages efficient spread of infection and high HCV RNA titers were obtained. Infectivity titers were approximately 10-fold lower than for the 2a control virus. Sequence analysis of recovered 4a/2a recombinants from 3 serial passages and subsequent reverse genetic studies revealed a vital dependence on a mutation in the NS2 4a part. ED43/JFH1-γ further depended on a second NS2 mutation. Infectivity of the 4a/2a viruses was CD81 dependent. Conclusion: The developed 4a/2a viruses provide a robust in vitro tool for research in HCV genotype 4, including vaccine studies and functional analyses of an increasingly important genotype in the Middle East and Europe.
US08454966B2
The invention discloses the nanoparticles composed of chitosan, poly-γ-glutamic acid, and at least one bioactive agent characterized with a positive surface charge and their enhanced permeability for paracellular drug delivery.
US08454965B2
A method for treating a subject with multiple sclerosis is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method is provided for treating a subject with multiple sclerosis that includes administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an IL-21 receptor antagonist, wherein the subject has failed to respond treatment with beta interferon, thereby treating the subject.
US08454958B2
The present invention provides methods for reducing or inhibiting angiogenesis in a tissue, by contacting α5β1 integrin in the tissue with an agent that interferes with specific binding of the α5β1 integrin to a ligand expressed in the tissue. The invention further provides methods of reducing or inhibiting angiogenesis in a tissue in an individual, by administering to the individual an agent that interferes with the specific binding of α5β1 integrin to a ligand expressed in the tissue; and methods of reducing the severity of a pathological condition associated with angiogenesis in an individual, by administering to the individual an agent that interferes with specific binding of α5β1 integrin to a ligand in a tissue associated with the pathological condition.
US08454954B2
This invention relates generally to treating synucleinopathies in subjects that are not clinically diagnosed with a lysosomal storage disease, as well as associated methods of making medicaments and screening methods.
US08454951B2
The present invention relates to nutritional supplements to be administered to, or to be taken by, women desiring to become pregnant, and pregnant and nursing women. The nutritional supplements of this invention have a unique blend of vitamins, minerals, lycopene, co-enzyme Q10, DHA, docusate (such as docusate sodium), folic acid, and a nutritionally acceptable carrier therefor. The invention includes specific nutritional supplements for the uses set forth above.
US08454949B2
The present invention generally relates to the field of obesity. In particular the present invention relates to the use of probiotics to support weight management and to treat or prevent obesity. One embodiment of the present invention relates to the use of Lactobacillus helveticus CNCM I-4095 for the preparation of a composition to support weight management, promote weight loss and/or to treat obesity.
US08454946B2
The invention is directed to multi-functional N-maleimidyl polymer derivatives comprising a water soluble and non-peptidic polymer backbone having a terminal carbon, such as a poly(alkylene glycol), the terminal carbon of the polymer backbone being directly bonded to the nitrogen atom of a N-maleimidyl moiety without a linking group therebetween. The invention also provides two methods of preparing such linkerless N-maleimidyl polymer derivatives.
US08454945B2
The present disclosure provides compositions suitable for delivering lipophilic bioactive agents. The compositions may be utilized to treat numerous diseases and conditions that would benefit from the application of a lipophilic bioactive agent.
US08454941B2
O/W-emulsifiers are described, comprising: (a) 30-50% by weight of hardened palm oil glycerides; (b) 15-35% by weight of potassium cetyl phosphates; (c) 20-30% by weight of cetyl alcohol, and (d) 5-15% by weight of potassium phosphate, in each case with respect to the total mass of the emulsifier. Further described are corresponding O/W-emulsions, comprising an aqueous phase, an oil phase dispersed in the aqueous phase and between 0.25 and 15% by weight of the abovementioned O/W-emulsifier. Finally, also described are methods for manufacturing such an O/W-emulsion.
US08454940B2
The present invention relates to the use of a stabilizing composition comprising (a) an effective stabilizing amount of at least one merocyanine derivative having an absorption maximum of 350 to 400 nm, and (b) at least one UV filter selected from benzotriazole derivatives; and optionally (c) at least one excited state quencher; for the protection of body care and household products against the deleterious effects of light, heat and oxygen.
US08454938B2
A method for treating a mammal suffering from a respiratory disease characterized by acute intermittent or chronic obstruction of the airways of the lungs, such as asthma, acute asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis comprising delivering to the lungs of the mammal a perfluorocarbon and a gas mixture comprising carbon dioxide (CO2), and pharmaceutical compositions of CO2 and perfluorocarbons are provided. The acute relief of airway obstruction provided by the said treatment provides an opportunity for concomitant or subsequent delivery of additional suitable active agent of conventional treatments.
US08454932B2
TiO2 nanoparticles and methods of producing the same are provided. The nanoparticles can be processed by neutralization, calcination, and/or micronization. The TiO2 nanoparticle size is controlled by controlling synthetic and process conditions. TiO2 nanoparticles produced are of the anatase polymorph, of the rutile polymorph, or a mixture thereof, and have particle sizes in the range of from 10 nm to 100 nm.
US08454925B2
In a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, in order to adjust a cathode active material in which guest cation such as Na and Li is included, alkaline metal fluoride which is expressed by a general formula AF and transition metal fluoride which is expressed by a formula M′ F2 are subjected to a mechanical milling process to produce metal fluoride compound AM′ F3. The mechanical milling process desirably uses a planetary ball mill.
US08454924B2
Cohesive assemblies comprising carbon are prepared by obtaining carbon in the form of powder, particles, flakes, or loose agglomerates, dispersing the carbon in a liquid halogen by mechanical mixing and/or sonication, and substantially removing the liquid halogen, typically by evaporation, whereby the cohesive assembly of carbon is formed. The method is especially suitable for preparing free-standing, monolithic assemblies of carbon nanotubes in the form of films, wafers, or discs, having high carbon packing density and low electrical resistivity. The assemblies have various potential applications, such as electrodes in batteries or supercapacitors or as electromagnetic interference shielding materials.
US08454921B2
This invention relates to adsorbents useful for storing hydrogen and other small molecules, and to methods for preparing such adsorbents. The adsorbents are produced by heating carbonaceous materials to a temperature of at least 900° C. in an atmosphere of hydrogen.
US08454920B2
A silicon purification method includes: loading a base material that is a starting material made of metallic silicon into a graphite crucible, heating and melting all of the base material which is disposed in an acidic inert gas atmosphere, maintaining the molten base material in the graphite crucible, and thereby oxidatively purifying the base material; loading the oxidatively-purified base material into a water-cooled crucible, gradually solidifying the base material after the base material disposed in a high vacuum atmosphere is fully molten, and thereby removing an unsolidified portion; and fully melting the base material which is disposed in a high vacuum atmosphere and in which the unsolidified portion is removed, and maintaining the base material in the water-cooled crucible.
US08454915B2
Calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn) and magnesium (Mg) carbonate plus lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) sulphide minerals in a permeable host, crushed ore, concentrates or as mine discharge tailing are selectively solution mined (in-situ or ex-situ) with a selected acid e.g. acetic acid to extract Ca, Mn, and Mg followed by multivalent oxidizing salts e.g. ferric salts to extract Pb and Zn sequentially. For in-situ leaching, an inter relationship has been identified between pressure, temperature, target depth and leachate concentration such that carbonate leaching is performed in a manner to prevent carbon dioxide gas (CO2) discharge thereby plugging host rock permeability avenues to preclude further leaching. This requires controlling the rate of acetic acid leaching to be in step with availability of solution to dissolve the resulting discharged CO2. Sulphide leaching is subsequently conducted on the carbonate-depleted host. The two resulting leachates are chemically treated to selectively recover extracted minerals as value added industrially ready products. The in situ method is particularly advantageous in preparing the high purity manganese products necessary for lithium ion batteries because it prevents occurrence of very fine metallic particles in the products that may happen during conventional mining. Alternatively, the in situ carbonate recovery steps can be independently employed; all in an environmentally friendly manner.
US08454914B2
An object of the present invention is to provide a process for recovering ruthenium at a sufficient recovery rate from a solid in which a ruthenium compound is supported on a carrier. The present invention relates to a process for recovering ruthenium, comprising the following steps (1) to (3): (1) bringing a solid in which a ruthenium compound is supported on a carrier, into contact with a reducing gas, to thereby reduce the ruthenium compound; (2) cooling the solid obtained in the step (1) to 250° C. or lower under an atmosphere of a non-oxidizing gas; and (3) mixing the solid obtained in the step (2) with an oxidizing solution, to thereby dissolve ruthenium in the solution.
US08454904B2
A biosensor container comprising a housing defining an internal glucose test strip compartment. The housing has an engagement portion for retaining a detachable means for storing data, and the means for storing data has data stored thereon specific to a batch of glucose test strips. At least one of the housing and the means for storing data includes at least one data reading element that is externally accessible when the means for storing data is retained by the engagement portion of the housing. The container includes various fail safe features to prevent mishandling and insure the user obtains the correct results. The housing includes means for connecting to the bG meter only when the means for storing data is retained by the housing. The housing further includes means for dispensing glucose test strips only when the housing is in either of an attached-to meter mode or a stand-alone mode. In the attached-to-meter mode the means for storing data is retained by the housing and the housing is connected to a bG meter. In the stand-alone mode the means for storing data is detached from the housing and the housing is not connected to the bG meter.
US08454892B1
A chemical agent detection system is provided that includes a fluid sampling collector suitable for the collecting, concentrating, filtering and storing of chemical agents. Preferably a solid phase extraction syringe is coupled to an adaptor via an injection port. The adaptor forms an outer surface of a sample containment reservoir that allows the fluid sampling collector to associate with a chemical agent detector such as the M256A2 chemical agent detector. The inventive chemical agent detection system allows rapid, low level on-site detection of chemical agents such as nerve agents in fluid media.
US08454886B2
A method for manufacturing an inorganic honeycomb structure that resists water damage after drying comprises compounding a base batch mixture including inorganic powders, a batch cross-link agent, an aqueous vehicle, and a cross-linkable batch constituent, and forming the batch mixture into a honeycomb core or skin component while reacting the cross-link agent with cross-linkable batch constituent.
US08454884B2
The present invention relates to a cellulose carbamate spinning solution, the cellulose carbamate being dissolved in at least one ionic liquid. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for the production of blown films in which a solution of cellulose carbamate in an ionic liquid is extruded into a coagulation bath, and also to the films produced with the method and the use thereof.
US08454883B2
A nanocomposite material apparatus suitable for fabricating a nanocomposite material from different materials is provided. The nanocomposite material apparatus includes an acceleration inner tube and a collection outer tube. The acceleration inner tube disposed along a rotation axis has a top surface, a bottom surface and an outer peripheral surface. Pipes for accelerating different materials is distributed within the acceleration inner tube. Each pipe includes an inlet, an outlet opening at the outer peripheral surface and a spiral trench connecting the inlet and the outlet. Nano materials having electricity are emitted from the corresponding outlets by accelerating different materials within the corresponding pipes. The collection outer tube disposed surroundingly on the acceleration inner tube is suitable for moving oppositely thereto, so that the nano-materials emitted from the outer peripheral surface are combined with one another and form a nanocomposite material on the inner wall of the collection outer tube.
US08454877B2
An apparatus for molding an article. The apparatus includes a mold and a mold plate slidable between a first position and a second position within the mold. In the first position the mold plate creates an undercut feature in a molded article in the second position the molded article with the undercut feature may be easily removed from the mold without damaging the mold or the article.
US08454876B2
Methods and apparatus for manufacturing an FC parison out of a laminate with at least two prepreg layers provide for: mounting at least a first edge section of the laminate in a first clamping device that can be moved relative to a fitting by means of a mechanical gearing, and a second edge section of the laminate lying opposite the first edge section in another clamping device, exerting a tensile stress via the first clamping device relative to the second clamping device over the area of the laminate lying between the clamping devices, while simultaneously moving the first clamping device in a direction directed away from the second clamping device up to a location where a rounded surface area of a fitting imparts to the laminate a curvature between the first clamping device and second clamping device as viewed in its longitudinal direction.
US08454872B2
A method of injection molding an opening device on sheet packaging material for packaging pourable food products; the packaging material has at least a first and a second layer, and an opening formed through the first layer and sealed by a cover portion of the second layer; the method includes the steps of injecting molten plastic material onto a first side of the cover portion of the second layer, feeding the molten plastic material along the cover portion to cover it on the first side, and feeding the molten plastic material through an annular peripheral portion of the cover portion to form a spout of the opening device projecting from a second side, opposite the first side, of the cover portion; the molten plastic material covers the cover portion to define, with the cover portion, a user-removable sealing portion of the spout.
US08454869B2
According to one embodiment, this invention determines whether a maximum value Hmax and minimum value Hmin of an HF signal obtained when a data recording portion is irradiated with a laser having a wavelength of 450 nm or less and an NA of 0.6 or more meet (Hmax−Hmin)/Hmax<0.13 . . . (1), or whether a maximum value Hmax, a minimum value Hmin, and a most frequent voltage value Have of a signal level of an HF signal obtained when a data recording portion is irradiated with a laser having a wavelength of 450 nm or less and an NA of 0.6 or more meet Hmax/Have≦1.05 . . . (2) and Hmin/Have≦0.90 . . . (3).
US08454865B2
Disclosed in this specification is the design for an internal mixing device which increases the plug flow like behavior of the rotating inclined reactor.
US08454862B2
This invention is related to lenses and the associated processes used to manufacture lenses. In particular, the present invention is related to a process for designing and creating bifocal, multifocal, and single vision ophthalmic lenses by modulating an energy source.
US08454855B1
Described herein are hydrogen storage materials having desirable characteristics for a variety of applications, such as automobile applications. In one embodiment, a hydrogen storage material includes: (1) a mixed imide having a formula LiiMgjNkHl; and (2) a set of additives; wherein each of i, k, and l is in the range of 1.7 to 2.3, and j is in the range of 0.7 to 1.3; and wherein the hydrogen storage material is configured to absorb at least 3.1 wt. % of H2 within 30 minutes of exposure to H2 gas at a temperature in the range of 100° C. to 140° C. and a pressure in the range of 45 bar to 50 bar.
US08454854B2
The present invention relates to antifreeze/anticorrosion concentrates comprising from 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total amount of the concentrate, of glycerol, to processes for preparing such concentrates from superconcentrates, to aqueous coolant compositions from these concentrates, and to their use, for example in internal combustion engines.
US08454852B2
Chamfering apparatus for silicon wafer, method for producing silicon wafer, and etched silicon wafer
The invention is directed to a chamfering apparatus for a silicon wafer to chamfer outer edge of a silicon wafer by using a chamfering grindstone, the chamfering apparatus including at least: a holder holding and rotating a silicon wafer; a chamfering grindstone chamfering the outer edge of the silicon wafer held by the holder; and a control apparatus for controlling a chamfered shape by controlling a relative position of the outer edge of the silicon wafer and the chamfering grindstone by numerical control, wherein the control apparatus controls and changes the relative position of the outer edge of the silicon wafer and the chamfering grindstone at the time of chamfering depending on the circumferential position of the silicon wafer held by the holder, a production method, and an etched silicon wafer. This provides a silicon wafer chamfering apparatus, production method and an etched silicon wafer that can suppress variations in the cross-sectional shape dimensions of a chamfered portion after an etching process.
US08454851B2
A method for manufacturing a flexible display device in which a flexible substrate is acquired by forming display devices on one side of the substrate and thinning the substrate by removing surface portions on an opposite side of the substrate. The thickness of the substrate is changed from a first thickness, which gives rigidity to the substrate to the second thickness, which gives flexibility to the substrate.
US08454846B1
A method and system for fabricating magnetic recording transducer are described. The magnetic recording transducer has a main pole including a plurality of sides, an intermediate layer adjacent to the sides of the main pole, and a field region distal from the main pole. The method and system include providing at least one trench in the intermediate layer. The trench(es) are between the main pole and the field region. The method and system also include providing a stop layer. A portion of the stop layer resides in at least part of the trench(es) and on at least part of the field region. The method and system also include removing a portion of the intermediate layer using a wet etch. The stop layer is resistant to removal by the wet etch. The method and system also include depositing a full wrap-around shield layer on the main pole.
US08454840B1
A method for removing sulfide from an aqueous alkali solution in which hydrogen peroxide is introduced into a sulfide-containing aqueous alkali solution associated with an alkali mineral recovery operation. The method is particularly useful for the processing of sulfide-containing aqueous alkali solutions containing NaHCO3 and Na2CO3, where bicarbonate in the sulfide-depleted alkali solution is decomposed to form Na2CO3, with concurrent evolution of gaseous carbon dioxide byproduct but without formation of gaseous H2S as a pollutant, and where Na2CO3 values are subsequently recovered from the sulfide-depleted carbonate-rich alkali solution via a crystallization operation.
US08454838B2
A method and system for treating water, and using the treated water for the cooling of industrial processes is disclosed. The water is treated and stored in a large container or artificial lagoon, has high clarity and high microbiological quality. A system of the invention generally includes a containing means, such as a large container or artificial lagoon, a coordination means, a chemical application means, a mobile suction means, and a filtration means. The coordination means monitors and controls the processes in order to adjust water quality parameters within specified limits. The large container or artificial lagoon can act as a heat sink, absorbing waste heat from the industrial cooling process, thus creating thermal energy reservoirs in a sustainable manner, which can be later used for other purposes. The method and system can be used in any industrial cooling system with any type of water available, including fresh water, brackish water, and seawater.
US08454834B2
A method for packing a media bed in a column (3). According to the invention the method comprises the steps of: providing data to a control unit (15) connected to the column (3), said data comprising at least a measured slurry concentration, a target bed height, a target packing factor or compression factor and minimum and maximum acceptable values for at least one of target bed height and target packing or compression factor; forcing a movable adapter (9) along a longitudinal axis of the column (3) in order to pack the media; detecting when the media bed is consolidated; the control unit (15) processing the provided data and the information about the consolidated bed height in order to present to the user acceptable bed heights, if there are any, giving acceptable packing or compression factors.
US08454833B2
A method is disclosed for filtering a protein in a liquid mixture in a manner that does not substantially damage or otherwise limit the recovery of the protein in the filtration filtrate. The method generally includes passing a liquid mixture containing a protein (e.g., an aqueous vWF mixture) through a filter while applying a counter pressure to the liquid mixture filtrate to accurately reduce and control the pressure differential across the filter. The disclosed method has the advantage that relatively high filtration flow rates can be achieved at relatively low pressure differentials, in contrast to high pressure differentials, which actually reduce the filtration flow rate of protein liquid mixtures. Further, the method can recover substantially all of the protein that is initially present in the liquid mixture.
US08454832B2
A system and process for treating a hydrocarbon feed mixture containing aromatic compounds is provided to separate the at least one aromatic compound from the hydrocarbon feed stream is provided. A supported ionic liquid membrane, which is a microporous polymeric support containing ionic liquid in its pores, is used to selectively extract aromatics. The hydrocarbon feed mixture is directed to a retentate side of the supported ionic liquid membrane. A permeate stream is drawn from the permeate, side of the supported ionic liquid membrane, which is an aromatic-rich hydrocarbon stream. An aromatic-lean hydrocarbon stream, which is the retentate portion of the original hydrocarbon feed, remains on the retentate side of the supported ionic liquid membrane.
US08454831B2
A method for treating wastewater comprises biologically treating the wastewater in a fixed-biomass biological reactor and then treating the wastewater in a ballasted flocculation system. The ballasted flocculation system produces a clarified effluent and sludge containing inert granular material having biomass accumulated thereon and suspended solids. The inert granular material having biomass accumulated thereon is separated from the suspended solids and then cleaned with a cleaning solution. After separating the biomass from the cleaned inert granular material, the cleaned inert granular material is recycled for use in the ballasted flocculation system.
US08454830B2
Waste-treatment processes are enhanced through generation and introduction of specific biological populations customized to perform or favor specific tasks either during the main process, for the formation or precipitation of certain biological nutrients, or to accomplish solids formation reduction in a post-treatment process. These bacteria may be grown from specialized mixes of activated sludge and waste influent by exposing these materials to controlled environments (e.g., in an off-line treatment area). They may then be returned to the main process to perform certain tasks such as converting particulate cBOD into soluble cBOD for utilization, to reduce high solids yield organisms by supplementing the population characteristics with low yield organism characteristics, to provide biological nutrients or oxygenation assistance, to improve nitrification/denitrification efficiency, or to disfavor filamentous biology such as Norcardia sp.
US08454829B2
The present disclosure describes a spiral cross-flow filter. The spiral cross-flow filter includes a filter element having a continuous web of leaves formed by pleating a laminate filter element. The filter element may include a composite filter material including a first layer of a membrane material adjacent an outer shell, and a second layer of a permeate spacer material adjacent a permeate tube. The plurality of leaves wrap around the permeate tube in a uniform “spiral” configuration and may be separated by feed spacers.
US08454823B2
A sample stirring device of the present invention includes a driving roller and two follower rollers for coming into contact with a sample container including a cylindrical portion for containing a sample to be stirred. The driving roller is driven for rotation to stir the sample contained in the sample container. The two follower rollers have rotation axes inclined with respect to an axial direction of the cylindrical portion. This arrangement allows the sample container such as a blood collection tube to be rotated stably.
US08454822B2
Tangential flow filtration device is provided wherein liners are provided between the filtration element and the top and bottom holders or manifolds. The liners incorporate the flow channels and inlet and outlet ports, as well as a sensor mount. The liners are made of an inexpensive material and therefore are disposable after a single use, making it more cost effective to dispose of them than to clean the conventional manifolds. The sensor mount accommodates a removable sensor, and isolates it from the fluid path.
US08454802B2
A system for the production of ethanol and co-products is provided. The system facilitates an overall reduction in the use of energy, for example, by reducing the mass of wet solids supplied to a distillation system. The system also reduces the amount of energy used to dry the wet solids component of a fermentation product, for example, by increasing the ethanol concentration of the wet solids. The system also facilitates the recovery of co-products including bioproducts and other biochemicals extracted from components of the fermentation product. The solids component of the fermentation product may be dried and constituted into a meal that may be used for animal feed, among other uses.
US08454794B2
An antenna includes excitation terminals responsive to an RF source to supply an RF electromagnetic field to a plasma that processes a workpiece in a vacuum chamber. The coil includes a transformer having a primary winding coupled to the excitation terminals and a multi-turn plasma excitation secondary winding connected in series with a capacitor.
